草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 58-67.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020172
张茹1(), 李建平1, 彭文栋2, 王芳3, 李志刚1()
收稿日期:
2020-04-13
修回日期:
2020-07-08
出版日期:
2021-04-20
发布日期:
2021-03-16
通讯作者:
李志刚
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: lizg001@sina.com基金资助:
Ru ZHANG1(), Jian-ping LI1, Wen-dong PENG2, Fang WANG3, Zhi-gang LI1()
Received:
2020-04-13
Revised:
2020-07-08
Online:
2021-04-20
Published:
2021-03-16
Contact:
Zhi-gang LI
摘要:
干旱是影响宁夏东部沙化区荒漠草地退化的主要自然因素,也是天然草地补播成功率低的主要原因,该地区大面积种植的柠条是土壤覆盖保水的丰富资源,但是缺乏相关研究。选择平坦的、未生长柠条的退化天然补播草地作为研究对象,在临近有柠条生长的草地平茬其柠条枝条用于试验覆盖,研究不同柠条覆盖厚度(TSM0,覆盖0 cm;TSM1,覆盖1 cm;TSM2,覆盖2 cm;TSM3,覆盖3 cm)对该地区荒漠草地0~40 cm土壤水热以及补播牧草地上生物量的影响。结果表明,柠条枝条覆盖显著提高了土壤含水量,并且随着覆盖厚度的增加逐渐增大,但2018和2019年间所有覆盖处理下0~20 cm土壤水分平均值与TSM0之间差异不显著(P>0.05);在20~40 cm土层,3种柠条枝条覆盖厚度明显较对照提高了土壤水分含量,表现出TSM3>TSM2>TSM1>TSM0的趋势。结果还表明,柠条枝条覆盖还具有降低草地0~10 cm温度的作用,生长季8:00、14:00和18:00的土壤温度总体均随着柠条枝条覆盖厚度的增加出现降低趋势,且2019年土壤温度随着覆盖厚度的增加,变异系数也在减小,依次为4.6%、2.3%、1.7%,表明覆盖对土壤温度的变化具有缓冲作用。补播牧草地上生物量亦随着覆盖厚度的增加而增大,蒙古冰草、沙打旺及补播的3种牧草的总生物量均与草地20~40 cm土壤水分呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。本研究表明,柠条枝条覆盖有效地改善了荒漠草地土壤的水热,提高了土壤墒情,为牧草种植提供了良好的生长环境,可为该地区及类似地区退化草地的补播改良提供技术借鉴。
张茹, 李建平, 彭文栋, 王芳, 李志刚. 柠条枝条覆盖对宁夏荒漠草原土壤水热及补播牧草生物量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(4): 58-67.
Ru ZHANG, Jian-ping LI, Wen-dong PENG, Fang WANG, Zhi-gang LI. Effects of mulching with caragana (Caragana intermedia) branches on soil moisture content and temperature and reseeded forage biomass in desertified grassland in Ningxia Province, China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 58-67.
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 0~20 cm | 20~40 cm | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
水分平均含量 Average moisture content | 变异系数 CV | 水分平均含量 Average moisture content | 变异系数 CV | ||
2018 | TSM0 | 10.19±0.44a | 7.4 | 13.21±0.69c | 9.0 |
TSM1 | 10.53±0.35a | 5.7 | 13.56±0.22bc | 2.8 | |
TSM2 | 11.43±0.94a | 14.3 | 14.88±1.14ab | 13.3 | |
TSM3 | 11.17±1.53a | 23.7 | 15.27±1.72a | 19.5 | |
2019 | TSM0 | 8.52±0.25a | 4.9 | 12.94±0.61b | 8.2 |
TSM1 | 9.40±0.37a | 6.9 | 13.32±0.12b | 1.7 | |
TSM2 | 9.06±1.24a | 23.6 | 13.70±1.01b | 12.8 | |
TSM3 | 9.67±1.29a | 23.1 | 14.56±1.25a | 14.9 |
表1 柠条枝条不同覆盖厚度下的土壤水分平均值及变异系数
Table1 Mean soil water and it’s coefficient of variation under different mulching thickness with caragana twigs (%)
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 0~20 cm | 20~40 cm | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
水分平均含量 Average moisture content | 变异系数 CV | 水分平均含量 Average moisture content | 变异系数 CV | ||
2018 | TSM0 | 10.19±0.44a | 7.4 | 13.21±0.69c | 9.0 |
TSM1 | 10.53±0.35a | 5.7 | 13.56±0.22bc | 2.8 | |
TSM2 | 11.43±0.94a | 14.3 | 14.88±1.14ab | 13.3 | |
TSM3 | 11.17±1.53a | 23.7 | 15.27±1.72a | 19.5 | |
2019 | TSM0 | 8.52±0.25a | 4.9 | 12.94±0.61b | 8.2 |
TSM1 | 9.40±0.37a | 6.9 | 13.32±0.12b | 1.7 | |
TSM2 | 9.06±1.24a | 23.6 | 13.70±1.01b | 12.8 | |
TSM3 | 9.67±1.29a | 23.1 | 14.56±1.25a | 14.9 |
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 土壤温度 Soil temperature (℃) | 平均温度 Average temperature (℃) | 变异系数 CV (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8:00 | 14:00 | 18:00 | ||||
2018 | TSM0 | 20.13a | 19.93a | 18.40a | 19.49±0.55a | 4.90 |
TSM1 | 17.96a | 17.36a | 18.14a | 17.82±0.34b | 3.31 | |
TSM2 | 16.65a | 16.64a | 17.77a | 16.96±0.31b | 3.18 | |
TSM3 | 16.93a | 16.46a | 17.68a | 17.08±0.31b | 3.20 | |
2019 | TSM0 | 28.63a | 28.26a | 28.56a | 28.48±0.55a | 3.35 |
TSM1 | 26.68ab | 25.36ab | 27.93ab | 26.66±0.74b | 4.80 | |
TSM2 | 25.15ab | 24.75b | 25.88ab | 25.26±0.33c | 2.30 | |
TSM3 | 24.05b | 24.73b | 23.95b | 24.24±0.25c | 1.70 |
表2 柠条不同覆盖厚度下0~10 cm土层土壤温度平均值与变异系数
Table 2 Mean soil temperature between 0-10 cm and it’s coefficient of variation under different mulching thicknesses with caragana twigs
年份 Year | 处理 Treatment | 土壤温度 Soil temperature (℃) | 平均温度 Average temperature (℃) | 变异系数 CV (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
8:00 | 14:00 | 18:00 | ||||
2018 | TSM0 | 20.13a | 19.93a | 18.40a | 19.49±0.55a | 4.90 |
TSM1 | 17.96a | 17.36a | 18.14a | 17.82±0.34b | 3.31 | |
TSM2 | 16.65a | 16.64a | 17.77a | 16.96±0.31b | 3.18 | |
TSM3 | 16.93a | 16.46a | 17.68a | 17.08±0.31b | 3.20 | |
2019 | TSM0 | 28.63a | 28.26a | 28.56a | 28.48±0.55a | 3.35 |
TSM1 | 26.68ab | 25.36ab | 27.93ab | 26.66±0.74b | 4.80 | |
TSM2 | 25.15ab | 24.75b | 25.88ab | 25.26±0.33c | 2.30 | |
TSM3 | 24.05b | 24.73b | 23.95b | 24.24±0.25c | 1.70 |
图3 柠条枝条不同覆盖厚度对补播牧草地上生物量的影响不同小写字母代表在 0.05 水平差异显著。 Different letters mean significant difference at 0.05 level.
Fig.3 Effects of different caragana twig mulch thickness on biomass of reseeded forages
土壤深度 Soil depth (cm) | 补播牧草Reseeded forages | 总生物量 Total biomass | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
蒙古冰草 A. mongolicum | 牛枝子 L. potanimii | 沙打旺 A. adsurgens | ||
0~20 | 0.849 | 0.525 | 0.822 | 0.890 |
20~40 | 0.979* | -0.012 | 0.917* | 0.977* |
表3 不同土层土壤水分与补播牧草生物量间的相关分析
Table 3 Correlations between soil water in different soil layers and biomass of reseeded forages
土壤深度 Soil depth (cm) | 补播牧草Reseeded forages | 总生物量 Total biomass | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
蒙古冰草 A. mongolicum | 牛枝子 L. potanimii | 沙打旺 A. adsurgens | ||
0~20 | 0.849 | 0.525 | 0.822 | 0.890 |
20~40 | 0.979* | -0.012 | 0.917* | 0.977* |
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