Characterization of a plant-growth-promoting rhizosphere bacterium, Gnyt1, and determination of its taxonomic status

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018005

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this research was to define the characteristics and taxonomic status of the plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterial strain, Gnyt1. The plant-growth-promoting properties, and biological characteristics were assessed, and taxonomic status determined from consideration of phenotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA sequencing. We found nitrogenase activity in Gnyt1 up to 3193 nmol C₂H₄·h^-1·mL^-1. Inorganic and organic phosphorus could both be dissolved efficiently by Gnyt1. The bacterium can also produce three plant hormones: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA₃) and trans-Zeatin (t-Z). Gnyt1 had a good tolerance to temperature and pH, but had no resistance to the antibiotics penicillin, streptomycin, roerythromycin, and cefradine. Gnyt1 also had no detected pathogenicity to the crop species Hordeum vulgare var. nudum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Brassica napus, Angelica sinensis, and Medicago sativa. The growth-promoting properties were found to be stable and Gnyt1 promoted the growth and yield of naked barley. Its taxonomic status was preliminarily identified as Bacillus mycoides. The results show that the Gnyt1 rhizobacterial strain has excellent overall properties, making it a strong candidate for further development and utilization.

Key words: Bacillus mycoides, characteristics of growth-promoting, biological characteristics, taxonomic status

LI Jian-hong, LI Xue-ping, LI Chang-ning, HAN Bing, XU Wan-li, YAO Tuo. Characterization of a plant-growth-promoting rhizosphere bacterium, Gnyt1, and determination of its taxonomic status[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(5): 55-67.

References

[1] Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Microbial Resources and Big Data Center. Building a microbiology group big data center to play a long-term scientific impact. Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017, 32(3): 210, 322-323, 327.
中国科学院微生物研究所微生物资源与大数据中心. 建设微生物组大数据中心发挥长期科学影响. 中国科学院院刊, 2017, 32(3): 210, 322-323, 327.
[2] Lee K J, Kamala-Kannan S, Sub H S, et al. Biological control of phytophthora blight in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using Bacillus subtilis. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2008, 24: 1139-1145.
[3] Richardson A E, Barea J M, Mcneill A M, et al. Acquisition of phosphorus and nitrogen in the rhizosphere and plant growth promotion by microorganisms. Plant and Soil, 2009, 321(1/2): 305-339.
[4] Xia Y, Xu Q, Lin Y, et al. Research progress of mechanism of action of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. Agricultural Science & Technology, 2014, 15(1): 87-90, 110.
[5] Wang X R, Jiang R F, Zhang F S.Development course and future trend of scientific fertilization technology in China. Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer, 2016, 31(2): 1-5.
王兴仁, 江荣风, 张福锁. 我国科学施肥技术的发展历程及趋势. 磷肥与复肥, 2016, 31(2): 1-5.
[6] Zhang F S, Wang J Q, Zhang W F, et al. Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008, 45(5): 915-924.
张福锁, 王激清, 张卫峰, 等. 中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5): 915-924.
[7] Wang D, Zhao X Q, Zheng C L, et al. Effects of two RGPRs on growth and nutrient uptake of rape under different nitrogen and phosphorus conditions. Soils, 2017, 49(6): 1078-1083.
王丹, 赵学强, 郑春丽, 等. 两种根际促生菌在不同氮磷条件下对油菜生长和养分吸收的影响. 土壤, 2017, 49(6): 1078-1083.
[8] Arif M S, Riaz M, Shahzad S M, et al. Associative interplay of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS40) with nitrogen fertilizers improves sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) productivity and fertility of arid soil. Applied Soil Ecology, 2016, 108(12): 238-247.
[9] Ma C Y, Zhang Y, Ma W B, et al. Identification of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Astragalus membraneceus and their effectives. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2017, 26(1): 149-159.
马骢毓, 张英, 马文彬, 等. 黄芪根际促生菌(PGPR)筛选与特性研究. 草业学报, 2017, 26(1): 149-159.
[10] Jiang Y M, Yao T, Tian Y L, et al. Effects of microbial fertilizer on broccoli growth and soil microbial characteristics. Pratacultural Science, 2017, 34(3): 465-471.
蒋永梅, 姚拓, 田永亮, 等. 微生物肥料对青梗花椰菜生长和土壤微生物特性的影响. 草业科学, 2017, 34(3): 465-471.
[11] Chen L.Effects of microbial fertilizer on growth, quality and soil characteristics of foodstuff and feedstuff maize. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2016.
陈龙. 菌肥对粮饲兼用型玉米生长和品质及土壤特性影响研究. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2016.
[12] Han H W, Sun L N, Yao T, et al. Effects of effective microbial inoculants on alfalfa growth character. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2013, 21(2): 353-359.
韩华雯, 孙丽娜, 姚拓, 等. 苜蓿根际有益菌接种剂对苜蓿生长特性影响的研究. 草地学报, 2013, 21(2): 353-359.
[13] Feng R Z, Yao T, Zhou W H, et al. Effects of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on the vegetation biomass, nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of Avena sativa. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2009, 23(2): 188-192.
冯瑞章, 姚拓, 周万海, 等. 溶磷菌对燕麦生物量及植株氮, 磷含量的影响. 水土保持学报, 2009, 23(2): 188-192.
[14] Liu T.Evaluating and identifying of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria of dominant alpine meadows. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2016.
刘婷. 高寒草甸优势植物根际促生菌资源评价及菌种鉴定. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2016.
[15] Liu Q H, Yao T, Ma C, et al. Cultural conditions for mixed culture of phosphate solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Grassland and Turf, 2011, 31(6): 1-7.
刘青海, 姚拓, 马从, 等. 6株溶磷菌和4株固氮菌混合培养条件的研究. 草原与草坪, 2011, 31(6): 1-7.
[16] Sun G Z.Control effect of bio-inoculant to diseases on rapeseed and zucchini and its growth promoting capacity. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2015.
孙广正. 微生物接种剂对油菜和西葫芦病害防治及其促生作用研究. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2015.
[17] Li J H.The characteristics of a fine plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus mycoides Gnyt1 and its whole genome sequencing analysis. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2017.
李建宏. 优良植物根际促生菌Bacillus mycoides Gnyt1特性研究及全基因组测序分析. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2017.
[18] Ma W B.Screening plant growth promoting rhizobacteria resources and their characteristics of legumes. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2015.
马文彬. 9种豆科牧草根际促生菌筛选及特性研究. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2015.
[19] Li X P, Li J H, Li M Q, et al. Screening and functional properties of cholesterol-degrading lactic acid bacteria from Jiangshui. Acta Microbiologica Sinica, 2015, 55(8): 1001-1009.
李雪萍, 李建宏, 李敏权, 等. 浆水中降胆固醇乳酸菌的筛选及其功能特性的研究. 微生物学报, 2015, 55(8): 1001-1009.
[20] National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. National food safety standards-food microbiology test-Bacillus cereus test, GB 4789.14-2014. Beijing: Chinese Standard Press, 2014.
中华人民共和国国家卫生与计划生育委员会. 食品安全国家标准-食品微生物学检验-蜡样芽胞杆菌检验, GB 4789.14-2014. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2014.
[21] Xu P D, Zhao Y, Zhang X B, et al. Biological efficacy of nitrogen fixation strains isolated from rhizosphere of Poa pratensis. Pratacultural Science, 2014, 31(4): 575-580.
许沛冬, 赵艳, 张晓波, 等. 草地早熟禾根际固氮菌的生物效能. 草业科学, 2014, 31(4): 575-580.
[22] De Oliveira M G, De Freitas A L M, Pereira O L, et al. Mechanisms of phosphate solubilization by fungal isolates when exposed to different P sources. Annals of Microbiology, 2014, 64(1): 239-249.
[23] Sambasivam S, Chandran R, Khan S A.Role of probiotics on the environment of shrimp pond. Journal of Environmental Biology, 2003, 24(1): 103-106.
[24] Luo Y, Zhou Q X.Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) as emerging pollutants. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2008, 28(8): 1499-1505.
罗义, 周启星. 抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)一种新型环境污染物. 环境科学学报, 2008, 28(8): 1499-1505.
[25] Xu Y.Fermentation engineering. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2011: 90-92.
徐岩. 发酵工程. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2011: 90-92.
[26] Jin G J, Li A H, Liu H, et al. Influence of fermentation temperature on aroma quality of dry chardonnay wine. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology, 2017, 17(10): 134-144.
靳国杰, 李爱华, 刘浩, 等. 发酵温度对霞多丽干白葡萄酒香气质量的影响. 中国食品学报, 2017, 17(10): 134-144.
[27] Liu E W, Zhu W X, Cao L, et al. Main problems existed in the fermentation industry and solving measures in China. Letters in Biotechnology, 2015, 26(3): 446-448.
刘二伟, 朱文学, 曹力, 等. 我国发酵工业存在的主要问题及解决措施. 生物技术通讯, 2015, 26(3): 446-448.
[28] Chen Y, Wang C, Gao B, et al. Screening and fermentation characteristics of acetic acid bacteria with ethanol and high temperature tolerance. China Brewing, 2015, 34(12): 28-33.
陈洋, 汪超, 高冰, 等. 高耐受性醋酸菌的筛选及发酵特性研究. 中国酿造, 2015, 34(12): 28-33.
[29] Wei Z X, Feng H P, Jiao G C, et al. Effect of good bacterial on growth of hulless barley and ecological effect of soil. Barley and Cereal Sciences, 2014, (3): 5-8.
韦泽秀, 冯海平, 焦国成, 等. 谷特菌对青稞生长及土壤生态效应的影响. 大麦与谷类科学, 2014, (3): 5-8.