Effects of acid and cadmium stresses on seed germination, seedling growth, and submicroscopic structure of Pogonatherum crinitum

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019280

Abstract

Abstract: Pogonatherum crinitum can grow normally in mining areas with soil acidification and cadmium contamination. It may therefore be inferred that this plant species has special adaptations to soil acidity and cadmium stresses. Germination experiments with P. crinitum seed were carried out in an artificial climate chamber under different acidity (pH 5.5, 4.5, 3.5) and cadmium (5, 10, 20 mg·L^-1 Cd²⁺) stress treatments. Differences in seed germination, seedling growth, plasma membrane integrity of roots and submicroscopic structure of P. crinitum between different stress treatments were measured and compared. It was found acid stress improved the germination rate of the seeds, and there was no significant difference between acid stress treatments and the control for germination rate (P>0.05). The germination index of P. crinitum showed a gradual decreasing trend with decrease of pH. In the treatment pH 3.5, other germination indexes except for germination rate were significantly reduced compared with those of the Control (P<0.05). With increased Cd concentration, the seed germination and seedling growth gradually decreased and were eventually inhibited. However, the germination rate of seeds treated with 20 mg·L^-1 Cd was still greater than 40%. Analysis of correlation and membership functions indicated that when the pH value is greater than 3.5 and Cd concentration lower that 10 mg·L^-1, the seed germination and seedling growth will not be affected. However, with the decrease of pH value and the increase of Cd concentration, the seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited, causing obvious damage to the plasmalemma of root tip cells and submicroscopic structure of buds, which resulted in rupture of organelle membranes and cell vacuolation. In summary, our results showed that seed germination and seedling growth of P. crinitum can be promoted by mild acid and cadmium stress and inversely inhibited by strong acid and Cd stresses.

Key words: Pogonatherum crinitum, stress, seed germination, submicroscopic structure, plasma membrane integrity

ZHAO Ya-man, CHEN Shun-yu, LI Zong-xun, LI Qi-yan, HOU Xiao-long, CAI Li-ping. Effects of acid and cadmium stresses on seed germination, seedling growth, and submicroscopic structure of Pogonatherum crinitum[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(12): 63-74.

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