Optimizing oat irrigation schedules in an alpine region using APSIM

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019455

Abstract

Abstract: This research investigated optimization of irrigation schedules for oat production in an alpine region located in Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province, to provide technical guidance for oat production in the region. A field experiment was carried out at Jintai Farm in Wulan County, Qinghai Province, in 2017 and 2018. No irrigation was applied in 2017. Four irrigation treatments were set up in 2018: one irrigation at flowering stage (I₁), two irrigations at tillering stage and jointing stage (I₂), three irrigations at tillering stage, jointing stage and flowering stage (I₃), and no irrigation (N_I). Water applied at each irrigation was 50 mm. The APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems Simulation) model was calibrated with the data in I₃ in 2018, and validated with the data from the other irrigation treatments in 2018 and from unirrigated plantings in 2017. The yield and water use under different irrigation scenarios in different years were then simulated, and the optimal irrigation schedule for oat cropping in the study region was modelled. It was found that the highest yield and water consumption (significantly different from other treatments) occurred in I₃ in 2018, while, the water use efficiency was highest in I₂. Dry matter yield in 2017 was higher, and water use efficiency greater than in the treatments I₂, I₁ and N_I in 2018. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of the simulated and measured values of dry matter yield and soil moisture were 0.94 t·hm^-2 and 4.96 mm respectively in model calibration, and were 1, 3, 4 and 8 d in the four key phenological periods (sowing-emergence, sowing-flowering, sowing-filling and sowing-harvesting). The RMSE of the simulated and measured values of dry matter yield and soil moisture were 1.03 t·hm^-2 and 7.13 mm respectively in model validation, and were 1, 1, 5 and 10 d in the four key phenological periods in 2017. The results showed that APSIM-oat, after calibration, was reliable in simulating soil water content and yield. The calibrated model was used to simulate the dry matter yield, water use efficiency and irrigation water production efficiency of oats under 10 irrigation scenarios. The results showed that a scenario involving irrigation at tillering and jointing, with 50 mm water applied at each irrigation, was the optimal irrigation regime in 2017. (In 2017, annual rainfall was below average, while in 2018 annual rainfall was above average. The results have reference value for water-saving irrigation management of forage oat plantings in the study area.

Key words: APSIM, oats, soil water, biomass, irrigation system, alpine region

MA Qian-hu, ZHANG Xue-mei, WANG Zi-kui, YANG Hui-min. Optimizing oat irrigation schedules in an alpine region using APSIM[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 1-10.

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