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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 34-45.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020175

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Changes in soil particle size distribution and fractal characteristics across an anthropogenic transition from desert steppe grassland to shrubland in eastern Ningxia

Zhong-chao SUN1(), Tian-dou GUO1, Lu YU1, Yan-ping MA1, Ya-nan ZHAO1, Xue-ying LI1, Hong-mei WANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Restoration and Reconstruction,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,China
  • Received:2020-04-14 Revised:2020-05-11 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-03-16
  • Contact: Hong-mei WANG

Abstract:

This research aimed to characterize changes in soil particle size and fractal dimensions across a grassland-shrubland vegetation transition boundary in the desert steppe of Eastern Ningxia. Following ecological boundary theory and standard methodology, sites located in desert grassland, at the grassland edge, at the shrubland edge, and in shrubland were selected as representative of the main states found in a typical anthropogenic grassland-shrubland transition in vegetation mosaics in the region. Samples were collected for 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and thereafter 20 cm soil depth increments to 100 cm. It was found that the percentage of soil volume by particle size in the transition zone studied was sand>silt>clay. The proportion of sand increased gradually across the anthropogenic transition from approximately 70% in grassland to 95.54%-98.97% in the shrubland, depending on soil depth. Conversely, soil fractal dimension decreased with increasing sand content from 2.10-2.42 in desert grassland to 1.02-1.78 in shrubland. Soil fractal dimension did not differ significantly between desert grassland, grassland edge and shrubland edge (P>0.05), but the soil fractal dimension at all three of these site categories was significantly higher, by 36.79%-41.48%, than in shrubland (P<0.05). The change of soil fractal dimension across the vegetation transition zone was significantly positively correlated with clay content (<2 μm) and silt particle content (2-50 μm), but significantly negatively correlated with sand content (50-2000 μm). The soil fractal dimension also showed a very significant positive correlation with soil moisture content, capillary porosity, organic carbon content, and soil total phosphorus (P<0.01, P<0.05), and a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density (P<0.01). A principal component analysis indicated that soil silt and sand content, soil capillary porosity, soil bulk density, and soil organic carbon and total phosphorus contents were the parameters most closely associated (P<0.05) with the change in soil fractal dimension across the studied anthropogenic vegetation community transition.

Key words: desert grassland, shrub introduction, anthropogenic grassland-shrubland mosaics, soil particles-size distribution, soil fractal dimension, soil physical and chemical properties