Welcome to Acta Prataculturae Sinica ! Today is Share:

Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 137-145.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020296

Previous Articles    

Diversity characteristics of dung beetle of Seirphidium semidesert and its secondary distribution of seeds in the feces

Jia-min CAO1(), Ya-ya GUO1, Na-na LI1, Hai-rong SUN1, Zhao-bi CHE1, Wei-hua LU1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production,Shihezi 832003,China
  • Received:2020-06-29 Revised:2020-08-19 Online:2021-07-09 Published:2021-07-09
  • Contact: Wei-hua LU

Abstract:

Seriphidium semidesert grassland provides important spring and autumn pasture for sheep grazing in Xinjiang Province in China. The activities of dung beetles provide a mechanism of seed dispersal, which is of great significance for the restoration of grassland vegetation. The objectives of this study were to explore the horizontal and vertical displacement distances of seeds of different sizes in dung, resulting from the activities of dung beetles and to determine the seasonal changes in species diversity characteristics of dung beetles in the Seriphidium semidesert grassland. A total of 14797 dung-eating insects were captured, belonging to 17 species and 3 families, among which there were 9 species from the family Aphodiidae, 7 species of the family Scarabaeidae, 1 species of the family Geotrupidae. Diversity analysis demonstrated that the species richness index was highest in June at which time the dominant species is Aphodius impunctatus, whilethe largest number of individuals occurred in October at which time the dominant species is A. rectus. Observation of dung beetle behavior in June and October showed that in June the number of dung beetles reached a peak 8 hours after dung placement and in October 4 hours after dung placement. Over time after dung placement, the number of feces-eating insects entering the dung, and the degree of dung decomposition progressively increased. The distribution of seeds in dung by dung beetles depends on the size of the seeds. Three sizes of beads, small (1.3 mm), medium (3.6 mm), and large (5.8 mm), were used as artificial seeds to evaluate seed movement by dung beetles. It was found that about 80% of the artificial seeds were buried within a horizontal distance of 20 cm and to a soil depth in the range of 0-10 cm. Conversely, 20% of the seed simulants were moved beyond a horizontal range of 20 cm or buried below 10 cm by dung beetles. With larger-sized artificial seeds, the proportion that were buried decreased. The results of the study showed that the secondary dispersal by dung beetles of seeds in feces contributes to the ecological restoration of the Seriphidium semidesert grassland.

Key words: Seirphidium semidesert, dung beetle, seed buried, secondary dispersal