Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 137-145.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020296
Jia-min CAO1(), Ya-ya GUO1, Na-na LI1, Hai-rong SUN1, Zhao-bi CHE1, Wei-hua LU1,2()
Received:
2020-06-29
Revised:
2020-08-19
Online:
2021-07-09
Published:
2021-07-09
Contact:
Wei-hua LU
Jia-min CAO, Ya-ya GUO, Na-na LI, Hai-rong SUN, Zhao-bi CHE, Wei-hua LU. Diversity characteristics of dung beetle of Seirphidium semidesert and its secondary distribution of seeds in the feces[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(8): 137-145.
指标 Index | 4月 April | 5月 May | 6月 June | 7月 July | 8月 August | 9月 September | 10月 October |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dMa | 1.5985 | 2.1709 | 3.0926 | 1.9650 | 1.5966 | 0.7501 | 0.2378 |
D | 0.8890 | 0.8808 | 0.9017 | 0.7840 | 0.6810 | 0.1221 | 0.0009 |
H' | 2.0351 | 2.3930 | 2.6355 | 1.7979 | 1.4207 | 0.2871 | 0.0042 |
J | 0.7934 | 0.8279 | 0.8293 | 0.6810 | 0.5925 | 0.1475 | 0.0038 |
Table 1 The diversity of insects in cattle dung in different months
指标 Index | 4月 April | 5月 May | 6月 June | 7月 July | 8月 August | 9月 September | 10月 October |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
dMa | 1.5985 | 2.1709 | 3.0926 | 1.9650 | 1.5966 | 0.7501 | 0.2378 |
D | 0.8890 | 0.8808 | 0.9017 | 0.7840 | 0.6810 | 0.1221 | 0.0009 |
H' | 2.0351 | 2.3930 | 2.6355 | 1.7979 | 1.4207 | 0.2871 | 0.0042 |
J | 0.7934 | 0.8279 | 0.8293 | 0.6810 | 0.5925 | 0.1475 | 0.0038 |
月份 Month | 粪便放置 Duration of dung (h) | 拜访方式 Visit method | 种类 Species | 累计数量 Cumulative quality | 粪便状态 Dung status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 0 | 0 | 新鲜粪便质地为稀糊黏稠状,青绿色。为长27 cm宽23 cm厚5.3 cm的椭球形。The texture of fresh feces is squishy and viscous, green. It is an ellipsoid with a length of 27 cm and a width of 23 cm and a thickness of 5.3 cm. | ||
0.5 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 粪金龟 G.laeristriatus | 12 | 粪便表面形成一层薄壳,有缝隙。颜色呈土黄色间褐色,粪便形状不变。A thin shell is formed on the surface of the feces with gaps. The color is khaki brown,and the shape of feces remains unchanged. | |
4 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 粗纹弯边蜣螂 G.flayellates | 20 | 粪便表面薄壳面积不断增大,有缝隙中的粪便依旧湿润,粪便形状不变。The area of the thin shell on the fecal surface is increasing, the feces in the crevices are still moist, and the shape of the feces remains unchanged. | |
6 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 小驼嗡蜣螂 O. gibbulus | 26 | 粪表面形成硬壳,缝隙周围逐渐干燥,粪便颜色加深。A hard crust is formed on the surface of the feces, and the crevices are gradually dried, and the color of the feces becomes darker. | |
8 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 三开蜣螂,红亮蜉金龟 C. tripartitus,A.impuncatus | 100+ | 粪便表面形成硬壳,缝隙增大。颜色呈黑褐色,粪便边缘破碎化长30 cm宽26 cm中心厚度不变。A hard crust is formed on the surface of the feces, and the gaps are enlarged. The color is dark brown, and the edges of the feces are broken 30 cm long and 26 cm wide and the center thickness remains unchanged. | |
24 | 爬出 Crawl out | 粗纹弯边蜣螂,粪金龟 G. flayellates,G. laeristriatus | 40+ | 粪便全干,板结成块有贯穿的大大小小的洞。粪便旁有小堆土,是粪金龟拱出的。The feces are completely dry, clumped into blocks with large and small holes running through. There is a small pile of soil next to the excrement, which is arched out by the dung beetle. | |
48 | 飞离Fly away | 红亮蜉金龟 A.impunctatus | 0 | 粪便呈自然风干状态,翻开粪便,下方地面有虫洞。The excrement is in a natural air-dried stat, open the excrement, there is a hole in the ground below. | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 粪便为椭球形,表面湿润,长29 cm宽18 cm厚度4 cm。The stool is ellipsoid with a most surface, 29 cm long and 18 cm wide and 4 cm thick. | ||
0.5 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 600+ | 粪便表面开始分散,孔隙变大。The surface o the feces begins to scatter and the pores become larger. | |
2 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, Crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1500+ | 表面略有板结的粪便开始分解成块。Slightly compacted feces began to break down into pieces. | |
4 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 2800+ | 粪便由椭球形变成近圆形,长70 cm宽50 cm厚度1.4 cm。The stool changes from an ellipsoid to a nearly round shape, with a length of 70 cm and a width of 50 cm and a thickness of 1.4 cm. | |
6 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1600+ | 粪便近干,完全破碎化。可见明显的草茎。粪便面积仍在扩大,长73 cm宽65 cm厚度1.1 cm。The stool is nearly dry and completely broken. Obvious grass stems can be seen. The area of feces is still expanding, with a length of 73 cm and a width of 65 cm and a thickness of 1.1 cm. | |
8 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1100+ | 粪便完全摊开,长80 cm宽69 cm厚度为0.9 cm。至此粪便面积不再扩大。The feces are completely spread out, with a length of 80 cm and a width of 69 cm and a thickness of 0.9 cm. So far, the area of feces no longer expand. | |
23 | 飞离Fly away | 直蜉金龟A. rectus | 0 | 粪便与表面土壤混在一起。Manure is mixed with surface soil. |
Table 2 Observation on the behavior of dung beetle in dung
月份 Month | 粪便放置 Duration of dung (h) | 拜访方式 Visit method | 种类 Species | 累计数量 Cumulative quality | 粪便状态 Dung status |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 0 | 0 | 新鲜粪便质地为稀糊黏稠状,青绿色。为长27 cm宽23 cm厚5.3 cm的椭球形。The texture of fresh feces is squishy and viscous, green. It is an ellipsoid with a length of 27 cm and a width of 23 cm and a thickness of 5.3 cm. | ||
0.5 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 粪金龟 G.laeristriatus | 12 | 粪便表面形成一层薄壳,有缝隙。颜色呈土黄色间褐色,粪便形状不变。A thin shell is formed on the surface of the feces with gaps. The color is khaki brown,and the shape of feces remains unchanged. | |
4 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 粗纹弯边蜣螂 G.flayellates | 20 | 粪便表面薄壳面积不断增大,有缝隙中的粪便依旧湿润,粪便形状不变。The area of the thin shell on the fecal surface is increasing, the feces in the crevices are still moist, and the shape of the feces remains unchanged. | |
6 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 小驼嗡蜣螂 O. gibbulus | 26 | 粪表面形成硬壳,缝隙周围逐渐干燥,粪便颜色加深。A hard crust is formed on the surface of the feces, and the crevices are gradually dried, and the color of the feces becomes darker. | |
8 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 三开蜣螂,红亮蜉金龟 C. tripartitus,A.impuncatus | 100+ | 粪便表面形成硬壳,缝隙增大。颜色呈黑褐色,粪便边缘破碎化长30 cm宽26 cm中心厚度不变。A hard crust is formed on the surface of the feces, and the gaps are enlarged. The color is dark brown, and the edges of the feces are broken 30 cm long and 26 cm wide and the center thickness remains unchanged. | |
24 | 爬出 Crawl out | 粗纹弯边蜣螂,粪金龟 G. flayellates,G. laeristriatus | 40+ | 粪便全干,板结成块有贯穿的大大小小的洞。粪便旁有小堆土,是粪金龟拱出的。The feces are completely dry, clumped into blocks with large and small holes running through. There is a small pile of soil next to the excrement, which is arched out by the dung beetle. | |
48 | 飞离Fly away | 红亮蜉金龟 A.impunctatus | 0 | 粪便呈自然风干状态,翻开粪便,下方地面有虫洞。The excrement is in a natural air-dried stat, open the excrement, there is a hole in the ground below. | |
10 | 0 | 0 | 粪便为椭球形,表面湿润,长29 cm宽18 cm厚度4 cm。The stool is ellipsoid with a most surface, 29 cm long and 18 cm wide and 4 cm thick. | ||
0.5 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 600+ | 粪便表面开始分散,孔隙变大。The surface o the feces begins to scatter and the pores become larger. | |
2 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, Crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1500+ | 表面略有板结的粪便开始分解成块。Slightly compacted feces began to break down into pieces. | |
4 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 2800+ | 粪便由椭球形变成近圆形,长70 cm宽50 cm厚度1.4 cm。The stool changes from an ellipsoid to a nearly round shape, with a length of 70 cm and a width of 50 cm and a thickness of 1.4 cm. | |
6 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1600+ | 粪便近干,完全破碎化。可见明显的草茎。粪便面积仍在扩大,长73 cm宽65 cm厚度1.1 cm。The stool is nearly dry and completely broken. Obvious grass stems can be seen. The area of feces is still expanding, with a length of 73 cm and a width of 65 cm and a thickness of 1.1 cm. | |
8 | 飞入、爬入 Fly in, crawl in | 直蜉金龟 A. rectus | 1100+ | 粪便完全摊开,长80 cm宽69 cm厚度为0.9 cm。至此粪便面积不再扩大。The feces are completely spread out, with a length of 80 cm and a width of 69 cm and a thickness of 0.9 cm. So far, the area of feces no longer expand. | |
23 | 飞离Fly away | 直蜉金龟A. rectus | 0 | 粪便与表面土壤混在一起。Manure is mixed with surface soil. |
月份 Month | 温度 Temperature | 湿度 Humidity | 风速 Wind speed | 光照强度 Light intensity |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 0.395 | -0.400 | -0.827* | 0.819* |
10 | 0.879* | -0.961** | -0.064 | 0.956** |
Table 3 Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the number of dung beetles and environmental factors
月份 Month | 温度 Temperature | 湿度 Humidity | 风速 Wind speed | 光照强度 Light intensity |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 0.395 | -0.400 | -0.827* | 0.819* |
10 | 0.879* | -0.961** | -0.064 | 0.956** |
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