Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 202-211.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020435
Xiao-wen MA1(), Fa-di LI1,2, Fei LI1(), Long GUO1
Received:
2020-09-27
Revised:
2020-12-14
Online:
2021-11-11
Published:
2021-11-11
Contact:
Fei LI
Xiao-wen MA, Fa-di LI, Fei LI, Long GUO. Effect of dietary barley particle size on rumen microflora and muscle fatty acids in Hu sheep[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(12): 202-211.
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | ||
---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |
原料Ingredient (风干基础Air-dry basis, %) | |||
大麦秸秆Barley straw | 15 | 15 | 15 |
大麦Barley | 48 | 48 | 48 |
玉米皮Corn bran | 15 | 15 | 15 |
棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 6 | 6 | 6 |
豆粕Soybean meal | 8 | 8 | 8 |
石粉Limestone | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
食盐NaCl | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
糖蜜Molasses | 4 | 4 | 4 |
预混料Premix1) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
营养水平Nutrient levels (干物质基础DM basis) | |||
代谢能Metabolic energy (ME, MJ·kg-1)2) | 8.42 | 8.42 | 8.42 |
干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 91.85 | 91.81 | 91.92 |
有机物质Organic matter (OM, %) | 85.41 | 85.51 | 85.50 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP, %) | 14.58 | 14.44 | 14.30 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 34.07 | 35.07 | 34.95 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 10.87 | 11.80 | 12.35 |
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of experimental diets
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | ||
---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |
原料Ingredient (风干基础Air-dry basis, %) | |||
大麦秸秆Barley straw | 15 | 15 | 15 |
大麦Barley | 48 | 48 | 48 |
玉米皮Corn bran | 15 | 15 | 15 |
棉籽粕Cottonseed meal | 6 | 6 | 6 |
豆粕Soybean meal | 8 | 8 | 8 |
石粉Limestone | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
食盐NaCl | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
糖蜜Molasses | 4 | 4 | 4 |
预混料Premix1) | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
合计Total | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
营养水平Nutrient levels (干物质基础DM basis) | |||
代谢能Metabolic energy (ME, MJ·kg-1)2) | 8.42 | 8.42 | 8.42 |
干物质Dry matter (DM, %) | 91.85 | 91.81 | 91.92 |
有机物质Organic matter (OM, %) | 85.41 | 85.51 | 85.50 |
粗蛋白质Crude protein (CP, %) | 14.58 | 14.44 | 14.30 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %) | 34.07 | 35.07 | 34.95 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %) | 10.87 | 11.80 | 12.35 |
细菌Species | 引物序列Primer sequences (5′-3′) |
---|---|
普雷沃氏菌Prevotella brevis[ | F: GGTTCTGAGAGGAAGGTCCCC; R: TCCTGCACGCTACTTGGCTG |
反刍兽新月形单胞菌Succinimonasamylolytica[ | F: CAATAAGCATTCCGCCTGGG; R: TTCACTCAATGTCAAGCCCTGG |
白色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus albus[ | F: CCCTAAAAGCAGTCTTAGTTGG; R: CCTCCTTGCGGTTAGAAC |
黄色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus flavefaciens[ | F: CGAACGGAGATAATTTGAGTTTACTTAGG; R: CGGTCTCTGTATGTTATGAGGTATTACC |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌Fibrobacter succinogenes[ | F: GGTATGGGATGAGCTTGC; R: GCCTGCCCCTGAACTATC |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens[ | F: TAACATGAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTC; R: CGTTACTCACCCGTCCCGC |
总菌Total bacterias[ | F: TCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGT; R: GGACTACCAGGGTATCTAATCCTGTT |
Table 2 Rumen microorganisms quantitative real time-PCR amplification primer
细菌Species | 引物序列Primer sequences (5′-3′) |
---|---|
普雷沃氏菌Prevotella brevis[ | F: GGTTCTGAGAGGAAGGTCCCC; R: TCCTGCACGCTACTTGGCTG |
反刍兽新月形单胞菌Succinimonasamylolytica[ | F: CAATAAGCATTCCGCCTGGG; R: TTCACTCAATGTCAAGCCCTGG |
白色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus albus[ | F: CCCTAAAAGCAGTCTTAGTTGG; R: CCTCCTTGCGGTTAGAAC |
黄色瘤胃球菌Ruminococcus flavefaciens[ | F: CGAACGGAGATAATTTGAGTTTACTTAGG; R: CGGTCTCTGTATGTTATGAGGTATTACC |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌Fibrobacter succinogenes[ | F: GGTATGGGATGAGCTTGC; R: GCCTGCCCCTGAACTATC |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens[ | F: TAACATGAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTC; R: CGTTACTCACCCGTCCCGC |
总菌Total bacterias[ | F: TCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAGT; R: GGACTACCAGGGTATCTAATCCTGTT |
组成Composition | 含量Content |
---|---|
C16:0 | 4.74 |
C18:0 | 0.98 |
C18:1n-9t | 0.17 |
C18:1n-9c | 4.92 |
C18:2n-6c | 6.42 |
C20:0 | 0.10 |
C18:3n-3 | 0.43 |
Table 3 Fatty acid composition of the experiment diets (g·kg-1)
组成Composition | 含量Content |
---|---|
C16:0 | 4.74 |
C18:0 | 0.98 |
C18:1n-9t | 0.17 |
C18:1n-9c | 4.92 |
C18:2n-6c | 6.42 |
C20:0 | 0.10 |
C18:3n-3 | 0.43 |
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
红细胞总数RBC (×106·μL-1) | 16.34a | 16.23a | 15.46a | 0.225 | 0.222 |
血红蛋白浓度HGB (g·dL-1) | 13.71a | 13.54a | 13.13a | 0.132 | 0.186 |
红细胞压积HCT (%) | 43.37a | 43.00a | 43.04a | 0.647 | 0.970 |
平均血小板体积MPV (fL) | 8.50a | 8.68a | 8.52a | 0.099 | 0.733 |
血小板总数PLT (×103·μL-1) | 615.80a | 641.90a | 677.30a | 18.814 | 0.422 |
白细胞总数WBC (×106·μL-1) | 10.96a | 10.18a | 11.19a | 0.311 | 0.395 |
淋巴细胞计数LYMPH (×106·μL-1) | 5.27a | 4.51a | 5.25a | 0.187 | 0.172 |
单核细胞计数MONO (×106·μL-1) | 1.66a | 1.57a | 1.36a | 0.109 | 0.536 |
嗜酸性粒细胞计数EO (×106·μL-1) | 0.14a | 0.13a | 0.12a | 0.014 | 0.868 |
嗜中性粒细胞计数NEUT (×106·μL-1) | 3.83a | 3.90a | 4.41a | 0.160 | 0.289 |
嗜碱性粒细胞计数BASO (×106·μL-1) | 0.07a | 0.06a | 0.05a | 0.010 | 0.676 |
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC (g·dL-1) | 31.66a | 31.63a | 30.71a | 0.390 | 0.545 |
平均红细胞体积MCV (fL) | 26.69a | 26.59a | 27.98a | 0.533 | 0.511 |
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH (pg) | 8.43a | 8.36a | 8.53a | 0.098 | 0.789 |
红细胞分布宽度标准差RDW-SD (fL) | 26.24a | 25.52a | 26.80a | 0.483 | 0.572 |
红细胞分布宽度变异系数RDW-CV (%) | 44.33a | 44.54a | 43.55a | 0.357 | 0.508 |
Table 4 Effects of barely particle size in diets on blood indexes of fattening Hu sheep
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
红细胞总数RBC (×106·μL-1) | 16.34a | 16.23a | 15.46a | 0.225 | 0.222 |
血红蛋白浓度HGB (g·dL-1) | 13.71a | 13.54a | 13.13a | 0.132 | 0.186 |
红细胞压积HCT (%) | 43.37a | 43.00a | 43.04a | 0.647 | 0.970 |
平均血小板体积MPV (fL) | 8.50a | 8.68a | 8.52a | 0.099 | 0.733 |
血小板总数PLT (×103·μL-1) | 615.80a | 641.90a | 677.30a | 18.814 | 0.422 |
白细胞总数WBC (×106·μL-1) | 10.96a | 10.18a | 11.19a | 0.311 | 0.395 |
淋巴细胞计数LYMPH (×106·μL-1) | 5.27a | 4.51a | 5.25a | 0.187 | 0.172 |
单核细胞计数MONO (×106·μL-1) | 1.66a | 1.57a | 1.36a | 0.109 | 0.536 |
嗜酸性粒细胞计数EO (×106·μL-1) | 0.14a | 0.13a | 0.12a | 0.014 | 0.868 |
嗜中性粒细胞计数NEUT (×106·μL-1) | 3.83a | 3.90a | 4.41a | 0.160 | 0.289 |
嗜碱性粒细胞计数BASO (×106·μL-1) | 0.07a | 0.06a | 0.05a | 0.010 | 0.676 |
平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度MCHC (g·dL-1) | 31.66a | 31.63a | 30.71a | 0.390 | 0.545 |
平均红细胞体积MCV (fL) | 26.69a | 26.59a | 27.98a | 0.533 | 0.511 |
平均红细胞血红蛋白含量MCH (pg) | 8.43a | 8.36a | 8.53a | 0.098 | 0.789 |
红细胞分布宽度标准差RDW-SD (fL) | 26.24a | 25.52a | 26.80a | 0.483 | 0.572 |
红细胞分布宽度变异系数RDW-CV (%) | 44.33a | 44.54a | 43.55a | 0.357 | 0.508 |
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
普雷沃氏菌P. brevis | 11.09a | 11.19a | 10.97a | 0.074 | 0.557 |
反刍兽新月形单胞菌S. amylolytica | 10.19a | 10.22a | 9.65b | 0.096 | 0.043 |
白色瘤胃球菌R. albus | 9.74a | 9.13a | 9.80a | 0.171 | 0.329 |
黄色瘤胃球菌R. flavefaciens | 10.30a | 9.71a | 9.93a | 0.188 | 0.479 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌F. succinogenes | 9.91b | 9.26ab | 10.14a | 0.154 | 0.043 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌B. fibrisolvens | 9.46a | 8.85b | 9.90a | 0.190 | 0.004 |
总菌Total bacteria | 17.39a | 15.30b | 16.95a | 0.214 | <0.001 |
Table 5 Effect of barely particle size in diets on rumen microorganisms composition (lg 16S rRNA copy number·g-1 rumen microbial)
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
普雷沃氏菌P. brevis | 11.09a | 11.19a | 10.97a | 0.074 | 0.557 |
反刍兽新月形单胞菌S. amylolytica | 10.19a | 10.22a | 9.65b | 0.096 | 0.043 |
白色瘤胃球菌R. albus | 9.74a | 9.13a | 9.80a | 0.171 | 0.329 |
黄色瘤胃球菌R. flavefaciens | 10.30a | 9.71a | 9.93a | 0.188 | 0.479 |
产琥珀酸丝状杆菌F. succinogenes | 9.91b | 9.26ab | 10.14a | 0.154 | 0.043 |
溶纤维丁酸弧菌B. fibrisolvens | 9.46a | 8.85b | 9.90a | 0.190 | 0.004 |
总菌Total bacteria | 17.39a | 15.30b | 16.95a | 0.214 | <0.001 |
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
TFA (mg·g-1) | 135.89a | 145.27a | 137.49a | 7.635 | 0.874 |
C8:0 (%) | 0.04a | 0.04a | 0.04a | 0.002 | 0.476 |
C10:0 (%) | 0.13b | 0.15ab | 0.16a | 0.005 | 0.045 |
C12:0 (%) | 0.08b | 0.11a | 0.11a | 0.004 | 0.017 |
C13:0 (%) | 0.02a | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.003 | 0.118 |
iso C14:0 (%) | 0.41a | 0.38a | 0.40a | 0.020 | 0.805 |
C14:0 (%) | 2.37b | 2.94a | 2.81a | 0.082 | 0.008 |
anteiso C15:0 (%) | 0.10a | 0.13a | 0.13a | 0.007 | 0.061 |
C15:0 (%) | 0.49a | 0.69a | 0.59a | 0.051 | 0.278 |
iso C16:0 (%) | 0.29a | 0.29a | 0.31a | 0.010 | 0.727 |
C16:0 (%) | 24.84a | 25.50a | 25.46a | 0.250 | 0.505 |
C17:0 (%) | 2.09a | 2.43a | 2.19a | 0.147 | 0.642 |
C18:0 (%) | 12.44a | 11.50a | 12.69a | 0.251 | 0.120 |
C20:0 (%) | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.08a | 0.002 | 0.295 |
C22:0 (%) | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.002 | 0.544 |
C24:0 (%) | 0.08a | 0.09a | 0.08a | 0.005 | 0.918 |
C14:1 c9 (%) | 0.19a | 0.17a | 0.18a | 0.011 | 0.670 |
C14:1 (%) | 0.09b | 0.13a | 0.12a | 0.007 | 0.014 |
C16:1 (%) | 1.64a | 1.93a | 1.79a | 0.053 | 0.085 |
C17:1 (%) | 0.78a | 0.91a | 0.87a | 0.061 | 0.683 |
4t-C18:1 (%) | 0.22a | 0.19a | 0.18a | 0.016 | 0.618 |
C18:1n9t (%) | 4.47a | 5.01a | 4.45a | 0.213 | 0.493 |
C18:1n9c (%) | 37.68a | 36.28a | 35.99a | 0.382 | 0.156 |
C18:1-10c15t (%) | 1.35a | 1.31a | 1.28a | 0.021 | 0.426 |
C18:1 c11 (%) | 0.28a | 0.27a | 0.33a | 0.012 | 0.119 |
C18:1 c12 (%) | 0.33a | 0.34a | 0.35a | 0.007 | 0.499 |
C18:1 c13 (%) | 0.19a | 0.19a | 0.21a | 0.004 | 0.307 |
C20:1 (%) | 0.10a | 0.09a | 0.09a | 0.004 | 0.843 |
C18:2n6t (%) | 0.19a | 0.17a | 0.20a | 0.006 | 0.061 |
C18:2n6c (%) | 4.44a | 4.43a | 4.32a | 0.146 | 0.944 |
C20:3n6 (%) | 0.23a | 0.21a | 0.22a | 0.012 | 0.868 |
C18:3n-6 (%) | 0.06a | 0.05a | 0.06a | 0.003 | 0.608 |
C18:2n-9c11t (%) | 0.39a | 0.35a | 0.46a | 0.018 | 0.059 |
C18:2n-9t11t (%) | 0.11ab | 0.09b | 0.13a | 0.006 | 0.015 |
C20:4n6 (%) | 2.64a | 2.32a | 2.47a | 0.154 | 0.724 |
C18:3n3 (%) | 0.49a | 0.51a | 0.49a | 0.015 | 0.828 |
C20:2 (%) | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.08a | 0.004 | 0.372 |
C20:3n9 (%) | 0.17a | 0.14a | 0.15a | 0.010 | 0.474 |
CLA (%) | 0.50ab | 0.45b | 0.59a | 0.022 | 0.019 |
SFA (%) | 43.50a | 44.37a | 45.10a | 0.381 | 0.236 |
MUFA (%) | 47.32a | 46.84a | 45.84a | 0.356 | 0.229 |
PUFA (%) | 5.46a | 5.44a | 5.38a | 0.171 | 0.979 |
BCFA (%) | 0.80a | 0.81a | 0.84a | 0.027 | 0.828 |
OCFA (%) | 2.59a | 3.14a | 2.81a | 0.199 | 0.531 |
OBCFA (%) | 3.40a | 3.95a | 3.65a | 0.191 | 0.510 |
Σn-6 (%) | 4.91a | 4.86a | 4.81a | 0.158 | 0.967 |
Σn-3 (%) | 0.49a | 0.51a | 0.49a | 0.015 | 0.828 |
n-6/n-3 | 10.13a | 9.52a | 9.82a | 0.219 | 0.542 |
Table 6 Effect of barely particle size in diets on muscle fatty acid composition of fattening Hu sheep
项目 Item | 大麦粉碎粒度Barley particle size | 标准误 SEM | P值 P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 mm | 3 mm | 4 mm | |||
TFA (mg·g-1) | 135.89a | 145.27a | 137.49a | 7.635 | 0.874 |
C8:0 (%) | 0.04a | 0.04a | 0.04a | 0.002 | 0.476 |
C10:0 (%) | 0.13b | 0.15ab | 0.16a | 0.005 | 0.045 |
C12:0 (%) | 0.08b | 0.11a | 0.11a | 0.004 | 0.017 |
C13:0 (%) | 0.02a | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.003 | 0.118 |
iso C14:0 (%) | 0.41a | 0.38a | 0.40a | 0.020 | 0.805 |
C14:0 (%) | 2.37b | 2.94a | 2.81a | 0.082 | 0.008 |
anteiso C15:0 (%) | 0.10a | 0.13a | 0.13a | 0.007 | 0.061 |
C15:0 (%) | 0.49a | 0.69a | 0.59a | 0.051 | 0.278 |
iso C16:0 (%) | 0.29a | 0.29a | 0.31a | 0.010 | 0.727 |
C16:0 (%) | 24.84a | 25.50a | 25.46a | 0.250 | 0.505 |
C17:0 (%) | 2.09a | 2.43a | 2.19a | 0.147 | 0.642 |
C18:0 (%) | 12.44a | 11.50a | 12.69a | 0.251 | 0.120 |
C20:0 (%) | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.08a | 0.002 | 0.295 |
C22:0 (%) | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.03a | 0.002 | 0.544 |
C24:0 (%) | 0.08a | 0.09a | 0.08a | 0.005 | 0.918 |
C14:1 c9 (%) | 0.19a | 0.17a | 0.18a | 0.011 | 0.670 |
C14:1 (%) | 0.09b | 0.13a | 0.12a | 0.007 | 0.014 |
C16:1 (%) | 1.64a | 1.93a | 1.79a | 0.053 | 0.085 |
C17:1 (%) | 0.78a | 0.91a | 0.87a | 0.061 | 0.683 |
4t-C18:1 (%) | 0.22a | 0.19a | 0.18a | 0.016 | 0.618 |
C18:1n9t (%) | 4.47a | 5.01a | 4.45a | 0.213 | 0.493 |
C18:1n9c (%) | 37.68a | 36.28a | 35.99a | 0.382 | 0.156 |
C18:1-10c15t (%) | 1.35a | 1.31a | 1.28a | 0.021 | 0.426 |
C18:1 c11 (%) | 0.28a | 0.27a | 0.33a | 0.012 | 0.119 |
C18:1 c12 (%) | 0.33a | 0.34a | 0.35a | 0.007 | 0.499 |
C18:1 c13 (%) | 0.19a | 0.19a | 0.21a | 0.004 | 0.307 |
C20:1 (%) | 0.10a | 0.09a | 0.09a | 0.004 | 0.843 |
C18:2n6t (%) | 0.19a | 0.17a | 0.20a | 0.006 | 0.061 |
C18:2n6c (%) | 4.44a | 4.43a | 4.32a | 0.146 | 0.944 |
C20:3n6 (%) | 0.23a | 0.21a | 0.22a | 0.012 | 0.868 |
C18:3n-6 (%) | 0.06a | 0.05a | 0.06a | 0.003 | 0.608 |
C18:2n-9c11t (%) | 0.39a | 0.35a | 0.46a | 0.018 | 0.059 |
C18:2n-9t11t (%) | 0.11ab | 0.09b | 0.13a | 0.006 | 0.015 |
C20:4n6 (%) | 2.64a | 2.32a | 2.47a | 0.154 | 0.724 |
C18:3n3 (%) | 0.49a | 0.51a | 0.49a | 0.015 | 0.828 |
C20:2 (%) | 0.07a | 0.07a | 0.08a | 0.004 | 0.372 |
C20:3n9 (%) | 0.17a | 0.14a | 0.15a | 0.010 | 0.474 |
CLA (%) | 0.50ab | 0.45b | 0.59a | 0.022 | 0.019 |
SFA (%) | 43.50a | 44.37a | 45.10a | 0.381 | 0.236 |
MUFA (%) | 47.32a | 46.84a | 45.84a | 0.356 | 0.229 |
PUFA (%) | 5.46a | 5.44a | 5.38a | 0.171 | 0.979 |
BCFA (%) | 0.80a | 0.81a | 0.84a | 0.027 | 0.828 |
OCFA (%) | 2.59a | 3.14a | 2.81a | 0.199 | 0.531 |
OBCFA (%) | 3.40a | 3.95a | 3.65a | 0.191 | 0.510 |
Σn-6 (%) | 4.91a | 4.86a | 4.81a | 0.158 | 0.967 |
Σn-3 (%) | 0.49a | 0.51a | 0.49a | 0.015 | 0.828 |
n-6/n-3 | 10.13a | 9.52a | 9.82a | 0.219 | 0.542 |
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