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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 134-145.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022388

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Identification of potential autotoxic substances in pea soil and analysis of their autotoxic effects

Shao-ying MA1(), Gui-ping CHEN2,3, Na WANG4, Lei MA2,3, Rong-fang LIAN5, Sheng LI2,4(), Xu-cheng ZHANG6()   

  1. 1.Basic Experimental Teaching Center,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China
    3.College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    4.College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    5.Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dingxi 743000,China
    6.Dryland Agricultural Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2022-09-27 Revised:2022-10-31 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-04-21
  • Contact: Sheng LI,Xu-cheng ZHANG

Abstract:

Autotoxicity is one of the main problems in continuous cropping. The aims of this study were to identify potential autotoxins in soil where pea (Pisum sativum) had been cultivated and to explore their autotoxic effects. We collected rhizosphere soil from two pea genotypes (cultivars Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8) in the field, and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify potential autotoxins in these soil samples. Then, the effects of potential autotoxins at different concentrations on the seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological indexes of pea (cultivars Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8) were evaluated using a hydroponic system. Erucamide was detected as a potential autotoxin in both pea genotypes. Erucamide at a concentration of 0.1 mmol·L–1 promoted the germination of Ding wan 10 seeds, and erucamide at concentrations of 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mmol·L–1 promoted the germination of Yun wan 8 seeds. It was found that erucamide at different concentrations significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in Ding wan 10. A high concentration of erucamide significantly increased the MDA content in Yun wan 8, and decreased the proline (Pro) content and POD activity in pea roots. These analyses of the allelopathic effects of potential autotoxins on pea plants revealed that erucamide inhibited the growth of two pea genotypes, with a stronger inhibitory effect on Ding wan 10 than on Yun wan 8. Thus, erucamide is a potential autotoxin in pea rhizosphere soil, and its effects depend on its concentration. A low concentration can promote seed germination but higher concentrations can inhibit seed germination and plant growth. The degree of promotion and inhibition varies among different pea genotypes.

Key words: pea, autotoxins, seed germination, seedling growth, autotoxic effect