Effects of soil microecological factors on the medicinal quality of Fritillaria pallidiflora

doi:10.11686/cyxb2025139

Abstract

Abstract:

The accumulation of compounds contributing to the medicinal quality of Fritillaria pallidiflora is influenced by the combined effects of soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure within the soil microecological system. This study investigated the impact of soil microecological factors on the medicinal quality of F. pallidiflora by comparing the differences in contents of medicinal compounds between cultivated F. pallidiflora 3-year first-crop （NF₃）， 4-year first-crop （NF₄）， 3-year replant （NR₃）， 4-year replant （NR₄） and wild F. pallidiflora. Results showed that among cultivated F. pallidiflora， the NF₄ regime exhibited the highest medicinal quality， with significantly higher levels of bioactive compounds （total flavonoids， sipeimine， sipeimine-3β- D-glucoside， adenosine， and β-thymidine） compared to other cultivated treatments. However， for most bioactive compounds assayed， levels were significantly less in all cultivated treatments than in wild F. pallidiflora （P<0.05）. Soil physicochemical analysis revealed that soils associated with wild plants had the highest contents of soil organic carbon （SOC）， nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N）， ammonium nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N）， available phosphorus （AP）， and available potassium （AK）. In NF₄ soils， SOC， NO₃^--N， AP， AK， and electrical conductivity （EC） were significantly higher than in NF₃， NR₃， and NR₄ soils， while NR₄ soils had the highest pH （P<0.05）. Microbial community analysis indicated that wild soils exhibited the highest Shannon and Simpson diversity indices （P<0.05）， with dominant fungal phyla （Ascomycota， Mortierellomycota， and Basidiomycota， accounting for 82.79%-89.48%） and bacterial phyla （Proteobacteria， Actinobacteria， and Acidobacteria， accounting for 50.86%-69.01%）. Principal component analysis （PCA） showed higher heterogeneity in fungal and bacterial communities of wild soils， with NF₄ communities closely resembling those of wild soils. Redundancy analysis （RDA） revealed that SOC and NH₄⁺-N significantly influenced the composition and spatial distribution of fungal and bacterial communities. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that medicinal component contents showed significant positive correlations with SOC， NO₃^--N， and AP， but negative correlations with pH （P<0.05）. At the genus level， wild soils harbored more beneficial bacteria positively correlated with medicinal components， with significantly higher co-occurrence network density and average neighbor degree than cultivated soils. Replanted soils （NR₃， NR₄） accumulated more pathogenic bacteria. These findings indicate that habitat， cropping sequence， and plant age synergistically influence F. pallidiflora medicinal quality through soil microecology. We recommend applying organic fertilizers， adopting crop rotation， and changing planting plots every 4 years to enhance medicinal quality while balancing quality and economic benefits.

Key words: Fritillaria pallidiflora, wild and cultivated, medicinal constituents, soil microecological factors, co-occurrence network analysis

Pan-yang SHI, Wen-qin ZHAO, Jian-rui DONG, Sai CAO, Yu-xia LI, Gui-fang LI. Effects of soil microecological factors on the medicinal quality of Fritillaria pallidiflora[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(3): 158-169.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Differences in the content of medicinal components of F. pallidiflora in different habitats， stubbles and plant ages

Fig.2 Differences of soil physico-chemical factors in different habitats， stubbles and plant ages of F. pallidiflora

Table 1 Diversity indices of fungi and bacteria in the inter-root soils of F. pallidiflora in different habitats， stubbles and plant ages

项目 Items	指标 Index	处理Treatment
项目 Items	指标 Index	W	NF₃	NF₄	NR₃	NR₄
真菌Fungi	Shannon	5.20±0.18a	4.15±0.14b	4.90±0.16b	3.50±0.12c	3.30±0.11c
真菌Fungi	Simpson	0.95±0.02a	0.82±0.03a	0.84±0.04a	0.71±0.05b	0.64±0.06b
细菌Bacteria	Shannon	5.93±0.18a	4.35±0.16a	4.21±0.15b	3.70±0.14c	3.02±0.13c
细菌Bacteria	Simpson	0.92±0.03a	0.80±0.04a	0.78±0.05a	0.65±0.06b	0.53±0.07b

Fig.3 Relative abundance of fungal and bacterial composition in the inter-root soil of F. pallidiflora in different habitats， stubbles and plant ages

Fig.4 PCA analysis of fungal and bacterial communities in inter-root soils of different habitats， stubbles and plant ages of F. pallidiflora

Fig.5 Redundancy analysis of soil physicochemical factors and soil fungal and bacterial communities at genus level

Fig.6 Heat map of Spearman’s correlation analysis between medicinal components of F. pallidiflora and soil physico-chemical factors

Fig.7 Co-occurrence network of fungal and bacterial interactions with soil properties and medicinal components in the inter-root soils of different habitats and plant ages of F. pallidiflora

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