Influence of altitude on reproductive traits and reproductive allocation of different colours in Anemone obtusiloba populations

Abstract

Abstract: Reproductive traits and reproductive allocation of three colours in Anemone obtusiloba at four different altitudinal gradients in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were examined. 1) With increased altitude, the investment proportion of the three flower colours of A. obtusiloba all increased in flowers but decreased in leaves. 2) Flower numbers of A. obtusiloba in all three colours decreased with an increase of altitude; but single flower area, single flower weight, floral display area and reproductive allocation all increased. 3) In the four altitudinal gradients,the individual size of the same colour flowers was significantly positively correlated with flower number, single flower weight, floral display area and reproductive investment. The single flower area was also positively correlated with other aspects, and showed that the altitude directly affected these reproductive traits. There was no significant correlation between reproductive allocation and individual size of the same colour flowers of A. obtusiloba. All these results suggest that there is an important effect of altitude on reproductive traits and reproductive allocation to different colours of A. obtusiloba. These reproductive colour traits and allocation of A. obtusiloba all increased reproductive fitness with an increase of altitude, but the altitude could not fully explain the change of resource allocation strategy of this alpine perennial.

CLC Number:

Q948.15

LI Bing, LIU Zuo-jun, ZHAO Zhi-gang, HU Chun, REN Hong-mei, WU Guo-qiang. Influence of altitude on reproductive traits and reproductive allocation of different colours in Anemone obtusiloba populations[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(1): 10-19.

References

[1] 李金花, 潘浩文, 王刚. 草地植物种群繁殖对策研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2004, 24(2): 352-355.
[2] Billings W D. Adaptations and origins of alpine plants[J]. Arctic and Alpine Research, 1974, 6(2): 129-142.
[3] Krner C. Alpine Plant Life: Functional Plant Eecology of High Mountain Ecosystems[M]. New York: Springer Verlag, 1999.
[4] Bingham R A, Ortnner A R. Efficient pollination of alpine plants[J]. Nature, 1998, 391: 238-239.
[5] Kud G, Molau U. Variations in reproductive traits at florescence and flower levels of an arctic legume. Astragalus alpinus L.: Comparisons between a subalpine and an alpine population[J]. Plant Species Biology, 1999, 14: 181-191.
[6] Iwasa Y, Cohen D. Optimal growth schedule of a perennial plant[J]. The American Naturalist, 1989, 133(4): 480-505.
[7] 梁艳, 张小翠, 陈学林. 多年生龙胆属植物个体大小与花期资源分配研究[J]. 西北植物学报, 2008, 28(12): 2400-2407.
[8] 樊宝丽, 孟金柳, 赵志刚, 等. 海拔对青藏高原东部毛茛科植物繁殖特征和资源分配的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2008, 28(4): 805-811.
[9] 苏梅, 齐威, 阳敏, 等. 青藏高原东部大通翠雀花的花特征和繁殖分配的海拔差异[J]. 兰州大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 45(2): 61-65.
[10] 张林静, 石云霞, 潘晓玲. 草本植物繁殖分配与海拔高度的相关分析[J]. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 37(1): 77-80.
[11] 赵方, 杨永平. 中华山蓼不同海拔居群的繁殖分配研究[J]. 植物分类学报, 2008, 46(6): 830-835.
[12] 孟丽华, 王政昆, 刘春燕, 等. 高山植物圆穗蓼的繁殖资源分配[J]. 西北植物学报, 2011, 31(6): 1157-1163.
[13] Fabbro T, Krner C. Altitudinal differences in flower traits and reproductive allocation[J]. Flora, 2004, 199: 70-81.
[14] 范邓妹, 杨永平. 不同生境下珠芽蓼(蓼科)的繁殖策略比较[J]. 云南植物研究, 2009, 31(2): 153-157.
[15] Fan D M, Yang Y P. Altitudinal variations in flower and bulbil production of an alpine perennial, Polygonum viviparum (Polygonaceae)[J]. Plant Biology, 2009, 11(3): 493-497.
[16] 王赟, 胡莉娟, 段元文, 等. 岩白菜(虎耳草科)不同海拔居群的繁殖分配[J]. 云南植物研究, 2010, 32(3): 270-280.
[17] Smithson, Macnair M. Frequency-dependent selection by pollinators: mechanism and consequences with regard to behaviour of bumblebees Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae)[J]. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 1996, 9: 571-588.
[18] Waser N M, Price M V. Pollinator choice and stabilizing selection for flower color in Delphinium nelsonii[J]. Evolution, 1981, 35: 376-390.
[19] 钦俊德. 昆虫与植物的关系-论昆虫与植物的相互作用及其演化[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1987.
[20] Brown B A, Clegg M T. Influence of flower color polymorphism on genetic transmission in a natural population of the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea[J]. Evolution, 1984, 38: 796-803.
[21] Dickson C R, Petit S. Effect of individual height and labellum colour on the pollination of Caladenia (syn. Arachnorchis) behrii (Orchidaceae) in the northern Adelaide region, South Australia[J]. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2006, 262: 65-74.
[22] Happer J L. The Population Biology of Plants[M]. San Diego: Academic Press, 1977: 424-449.
[23] Marcos M, Traveset A. Sexual allocation in single-flowered hermaphroditic individual in relation to plant and flower size[J]. Oecologia, 2003, 137: 69-75.
[24] 廖万金, 张国全, 张大勇. 不同海拔藜芦种群繁殖特征的初步研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2003, 27(2): 240-248.
[25] 中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1980: 34-36.
[26] Zhao Z G, Du G Z, Zhou X H, et al. Variations with altitude in reproductive traits and resource allocation of three Tibetan species of Ranunculaceae[J]. Australian Journal of Botany, 2006, 54: 691-700.
[27] 赵志刚. 青藏高原高寒草甸常见毛茛科植物繁殖对策研究[D]. 兰州: 兰州大学, 2006: 5.
[28] 赵志刚, 杜国祯, 任青吉. 5种毛茛科植物个体大小依赖的繁殖分配和性分配[J]. 植物生态学报, 2004, 28(1): 9-16.
[29] 陈学林, 景国海, 郭辉. 青藏高原东缘高寒草甸19种马先蒿植物皮纹饰特征及其生物学意义[J]. 草业学报, 2007, 16(2): 60-68.
[30] 陈学林, 梁艳, 齐威, 等. 一年生龙胆属植物的繁殖分配及其花大小、数量的权衡关系研究[J]. 草业学报, 2009, 18(5): 58-66.
[31] Klinkhamer P G L, De Jong T J, Metz H. Sex and size in cosexual plants[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 1997, 12: 260-265.
[32] Wright S I, Barrett S C H. Size-dependent gender modification in a hermaphroditic perennial herb[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society Ser B, 1999, 266: 225-232.
[33] Totland O. Environment-dependent pollen limitation and selection on floral traits in an alpine species[J]. Ecology, 2001, 82(8): 2233-2244.
[34] 黄德青, 于兰, 张耀生, 等. 祁连山北坡天然草地地上生物量及其与土壤水分关系的比较研究[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 20-27.
[35] 张妙青, 王彦荣, 张吉宇, 等. 垂穗披碱草种质资源繁殖相关特性遗传多样性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(3): 182-191.
[36] 王斌世, 张荣. 半干旱区农田杂草的生活史对策研究[J]. 草业学报, 2011, 20(1): 257-260.
[37] Worley A C, Baker A M, Thompson J D, et al. Floral display in Narcissus: Variation in flower size and number at the species, population, and individual levels[J]. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 2000, 161: 69-79.
[38] Worley A C, Berrett S C H. Evolution of floral display in Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae): Genetic correlations between flower size and number[J]. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2001, 14: 469-481.
[39] Worley A C, Berrett S C H. Evolution of floral display in Eichhornia paniculata (Pontederiaceae): Direct and correlated response to selection on flower size and number[J]. Evolution, 2000, 54: 1533-1545.
[40] Sato H, Yahara. Trade-offs between flower number and investment to a flower in selfing and outcrossing varieties of Impatiens hypophylla (Balsalminaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1999, 86: 1699-1707.
[41] 刘左军, 杜国祯, 陈家宽. 黄帚橐吾花序结构的资源配置与环境的关系[J]. 植物生态学报, 2003, 27(3): 344-351.
[42] Hautier Y, Randin C F, Stocklin J, et al. Changes in reproductive investment with altitude in an alpine plant[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2009, 2(3): 125-134.