Allelopathy of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides to radish and lettuce

Abstract

Abstract: Alternanthera philoxeroides is a worldwide weed. After invasion of A. philoxeroides, the local ecosystem can be irreversibly damaged and agricultural production seriously affected. Allelopathy is an effective chemical weapon in the invasion process of exotic weeds. With radish (Raphanus sativas) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) as receptor materials, the allelopathic effect of plant aqueous extract of A. philoxeroides was studied using a Petri dish bioassay. In this process, plant protective enzyme activity was also measured to clarify the allelopathic mechanism. Seed germination rates of lettuce and radish showed significant allelopathic inhibition which gradually increased with an increase of the A. philoxeroides plant aqueous extract concentration. This inhibition in lettuce was significantly greater than in radish. A. philoxeroides plant aqueous extracts caused a general inhibition of the radish and lettuce seedlings growth. Inhibition on radicle growth was significantly greater than on the hypocotyl. At low concentrations (0.01 g/mL), A. philoxeroides plant aqueous extracts promoted growth of hypocotyls but as the concentration increased, this promotion gradually diminished. Radish and lettuce hypocotyl growth were significantly inhibited at a concentration of 0.04 g/mL. The degree of inhibition of radicle length and fresh weight gradually increased with increasing concentrations. The radicle growth of radish and lettuce seedlings was almost inhibited at a concentration of 0.04 g/mL. The degree of inhibition of plant fresh weight in lettuce was more serious than in radish. Changes in protective enzyme activity were more complex. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities increased at low concentrations but as the concentration increased, SOD activity gradually decreased, while POD and CAT activities initially decreased and then increased. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of radish and lettuce seedlings increased with increased concentrations of A. philoxeroides plant aqueous extracts and the increase rate was slightly higher in radish than in lettuce. However, the MDA content increases at low concentrations were not significant. With a concentration of 0.04 g/mL of A. philoxeroides plants aqueous extract, MDA contents in both radish and lettuce seedlings increased rapidly. Compared with the control, the increased rate of MDA content in radish and lettuce seedlings were 116.67% and 98%, respectively.

CLC Number:

Q945.7

ZHANG Zhi-zhong, SHI Qiu-xiang, SUN Zhi-hao, LAN Mao-feng. Allelopathy of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides to radish and lettuce[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2013, 22(1): 288-293.

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