Abstract: In this study, a total of 25 morphological characters and 33 SSR markers were used to reveal the genetic diversity in 53 accessions of Miscanthus floridulus germplasms from China. All of 25 morphological characters displayed significant difference in these M. floridulus germplasms, with a coefficient of variation ranging from 6.53% to 69.82%, in which the dry weight per plant, the third-class branch number of panicle and the second-class branch number of panicle were with the highest CV values and were the major factors responsible for morphological variation. Clustering analysis based on morphological data showed that 53 M. floridulus germplasms were divided into three groups, and most of which were clustered into the third group. SSR analysis showed that 26 of 33 primer pairs were polymorphic which generated a total of 81 DNA fragments, with 74 of which being polymorphic. The polymorphic information content (PIC) for each SSR primer ranged from 0.086 to 0.374 with an average of 0.245, the genetic similarity coefficients from 0.693 2 to 0.965 9, the gene diversity of Nei’s (H) 0.258 7, and the average information index of Shannon (I) 0.400 4. SSR marker clustering analysis based on SSR data indicated that there was no direct correlation between the genetic distance and the geographic distance for M. floridulus germplasms. Both SSR and morphological analyses suggested a higher genetic diversity existing in the M. floridulus germplasms.