Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on photosynthetic characteristics and carbohydrate metabolism under high temperature stress in perennial ryegrass

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018167

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this research was to elucidate the effects of exogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on high temperature stress metabolism, plant growth, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, carbohydrate content and gene expression levels of key enzymes associated with sugar metabolism. The material studied was a heat sensitive cultivar (Pinnacle) of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) under high temperatures (35/30 ℃ light/dark) in growth chambers for 15 d. It was found that heat stress inhibited plant growth, increased leaf electrolyte leakage and decreased carbohydrate and chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate. The gene expression levels of key enzymes associated with sugar metabolism were initially up-regulated and subsequently decreased under heat stress. Exogenously applied GABA significantly alleviated the damage effect of heat stress on plant growth and enhanced the chlorophyll content and carbohydrate content under high temperature. The leaf net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s), transpiration rate (T_r), carboxylation efficiency (CE), maximum assimilation (A_max), photochemical efficiency (F_v/F_m), maximum velocity of carboxylation (V_c_max), maximum electron transfer rate (J_max), photochemical quenching (qP), electron transport rate (ETR) and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Φ_PSⅡ) significantly increased while leaf stomatal limitation (Ls), compensation point (CP) and none photochemical quenching (NPQ) significantly decreased after application of GABA under heat stress. To summarize, exogenous application of GABA reduced leaf stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis and alleviated the inhibition of PSII reaction centers, leading to an enhancement in light and dark reactions of photosynthesis and in photosynthetic potential. Expression levels of key genes for sugar metabolism were also enhanced. These physiological changes acted cumulatively to confer a higher tolerance to heat stress in perennial ryegrass.

Key words: γ-aminobutyric acid, perennial ryegrass, high temperature stress, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, carbohydrate

WANG Ri-ming, WANG Zhi-qiang, XIANG Zuo-xiang. Effect of γ-aminobutyric acid on photosynthetic characteristics and carbohydrate metabolism under high temperature stress in perennial ryegrass[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(2): 168-178.

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