Diversity of seed-borne fungi on four Trifolium pratense cultivars

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023392

Abstract

Abstract:

Red clover （Trifolium pratense） is an important leguminous forage and green manure crop. However， seed-borne fungi severely affect the seed quality of red clover， and are among the major limiting factors for red clover production. In this study， four varieties of red clover were selected to investigate the species and diversity of seed-borne fungi using indoor isolation and high-throughput sequencing methods. A total of 26 species from 15 genera of seedborne fungi were identified from the four tested varieties， including 14 species from nine genera in T. pratense （cv. Minshan）， seven species from five genera in T. pratense （cv. Ruide）， nine species from nine genera in T. pratense （cv. VNS）， and 11 species from seven genera in T. pratense （cv. Honglong）. High-throughput sequencing of fungi from the seed samples of the four red clover varieties identified a total of 87 species from 30 genera， including Cladosporium， Alternaria， Penicillium， Aspergillus， Stemphylium， Sporobolomyces， Filobasidium， Udeniomyces， and other genera. Among them， several species of the genera Stemphylium， Alternaria， Cladosporium， Acremonium， Botrytis， Fusarium， and Erysiphe were identified as potential pathogens. Alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed significant differences in fungal community composition and abundance among the red clover varieties， with T. pratense （cv. Minshan） exhibiting higher diversity of seed-borne fungi compared with that of the other three red clover varieties.

Key words: Trifolium pratense, seed-borne fungi, high-throughput sequencing, diversity

Rong-chun ZHENG, Zhi-biao NAN, Ting-yu DUAN. Diversity of seed-borne fungi on four Trifolium pratense cultivars[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(8): 170-180.

Figures/Tables 13

References 31

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品种Variety	来源Source
岷山Minshan （MS）	2020年收获于甘肃省岷县田间Harvested from the fields of Min County， Gansu Province in 2020
红龙Honglong （HL）	中国生产，购自北京百斯特草业有限公司Produced in China and purchased from Beijing Best Prataculture Co.， Ltd.
瑞德Ruide （RD）	美国生产，购自江苏春满园种业公司Produced in the United States and purchased from Jiangsu Chunmanyuan Seed Co.， Ltd.
VNS	阿根廷生产，购自江苏亿商花卉Produced in Argentina and purchased from Jiangsu Yishang Flowers

品种Variety	来源Source
岷山Minshan （MS）	2020年收获于甘肃省岷县田间Harvested from the fields of Min County， Gansu Province in 2020
红龙Honglong （HL）	中国生产，购自北京百斯特草业有限公司Produced in China and purchased from Beijing Best Prataculture Co.， Ltd.
瑞德Ruide （RD）	美国生产，购自江苏春满园种业公司Produced in the United States and purchased from Jiangsu Chunmanyuan Seed Co.， Ltd.
VNS	阿根廷生产，购自江苏亿商花卉Produced in Argentina and purchased from Jiangsu Yishang Flowers

属 Genus	种 Species	检出率Isolation rate
属 Genus	种 Species	岷山MS	瑞德RD	VNS	红龙HL
曲霉属Aspergillus	假灰绿曲霉Aspergillus pseudoglaucus	10.50	-	-	0.50
	赤曲霉Aspergillus ruber	1.00	-	-	0.50
	杂色曲霉Aspergillus versicolor	0.50	0.25	0.25	-
	田纳西曲霉Aspergillus tennesseensis	-	-	-	0.50
青霉属Penicillium	圆弧青霉Penicillium cyclopium	2.25	-	-	-
	产黄青霉Penicillium chrysogenum	1.50	1.00	1.50	0.50
	波兰青霉Penicillium polonicum	0.50	3.00	-	-
	鲁本斯青霉Penicillium rubens	-	0.50	-	-
	雷斯青霉Penicillium raistrickii	-	-	-	0.25
	Penicillium amaliae	-	-	-	1.00
链格孢属Alternaria	互生链格孢Alternaria alternata	6.00	-	0.50	1.50
链格孢属Alternaria	极细链格孢Alternaria tenuissima	-	0.50	-	-
枝孢菌属Cladosporium	枝状枝孢菌Cladosporium cladosporioides	1.00	-	22.50	6.50
枝孢菌属Cladosporium	枝孢菌Cladosporium sp.	0.50	0.50	-	-
匍柄霉属Stemphylium	束状匍柄霉Stemphylium sarciniiforme	1.00	-	-	-
匍柄霉属Stemphylium	囊状匍柄霉Stemphylium vesicarium	-	-	2.50	1.00
光黑壳属Preussia	光黑壳Preussia similis	3.00	-	-	-
篮状菌属Talaromyces	篮状菌Talaromyces piceae	0.25	-	0.25	-
帚霉属Scopulariopsis	短柄帚霉Scopulariopsis brevicaulis	0.25	-	-	-
Tranzscheliella	Tranzscheliella linguoae	0.25	-	-	-
金孢子菌属Chrysosporium	金孢子菌Chrysosporium pseudomerdarium	-	0.25	-	-
亚隔孢壳属Didymella	亚隔孢壳菌Didymella pinodella	-	-	0.75	-
毛壳菌属Chaetomium	小棒孢囊壳Chaetomium subspirilliferum	-	-	0.25	-
异茎点霉属Paraphoma	异茎点霉Paraphoma sp.	-	-	0.25	-
刺囊壳属Ascotricha	弯曲刺囊壳Ascotricha sinuosa	-	-	-	0.25
Torula	Torula aquatica	-	-	-	0.25

属 Genus	种 Species	检出率Isolation rate
属 Genus	种 Species	岷山MS	瑞德RD	VNS	红龙HL
曲霉属Aspergillus	假灰绿曲霉Aspergillus pseudoglaucus	10.50	-	-	0.50
	赤曲霉Aspergillus ruber	1.00	-	-	0.50
	杂色曲霉Aspergillus versicolor	0.50	0.25	0.25	-
	田纳西曲霉Aspergillus tennesseensis	-	-	-	0.50
青霉属Penicillium	圆弧青霉Penicillium cyclopium	2.25	-	-	-
	产黄青霉Penicillium chrysogenum	1.50	1.00	1.50	0.50
	波兰青霉Penicillium polonicum	0.50	3.00	-	-
	鲁本斯青霉Penicillium rubens	-	0.50	-	-
	雷斯青霉Penicillium raistrickii	-	-	-	0.25
	Penicillium amaliae	-	-	-	1.00
链格孢属Alternaria	互生链格孢Alternaria alternata	6.00	-	0.50	1.50
链格孢属Alternaria	极细链格孢Alternaria tenuissima	-	0.50	-	-
枝孢菌属Cladosporium	枝状枝孢菌Cladosporium cladosporioides	1.00	-	22.50	6.50
枝孢菌属Cladosporium	枝孢菌Cladosporium sp.	0.50	0.50	-	-
匍柄霉属Stemphylium	束状匍柄霉Stemphylium sarciniiforme	1.00	-	-	-
匍柄霉属Stemphylium	囊状匍柄霉Stemphylium vesicarium	-	-	2.50	1.00
光黑壳属Preussia	光黑壳Preussia similis	3.00	-	-	-
篮状菌属Talaromyces	篮状菌Talaromyces piceae	0.25	-	0.25	-
帚霉属Scopulariopsis	短柄帚霉Scopulariopsis brevicaulis	0.25	-	-	-
Tranzscheliella	Tranzscheliella linguoae	0.25	-	-	-
金孢子菌属Chrysosporium	金孢子菌Chrysosporium pseudomerdarium	-	0.25	-	-
亚隔孢壳属Didymella	亚隔孢壳菌Didymella pinodella	-	-	0.75	-
毛壳菌属Chaetomium	小棒孢囊壳Chaetomium subspirilliferum	-	-	0.25	-
异茎点霉属Paraphoma	异茎点霉Paraphoma sp.	-	-	0.25	-
刺囊壳属Ascotricha	弯曲刺囊壳Ascotricha sinuosa	-	-	-	0.25
Torula	Torula aquatica	-	-	-	0.25

种带真菌 Seed-borne fungi		相对丰度 Relative abundance （%）								方差分析ANOVA
属 Genus	种 Species	岷山MS		红龙HL		瑞德RD		VNS		P值 P-value	错误发现率 FDR
属 Genus	种 Species	平均值Mean	标准差SD	平均值Mean	标准差SD	平均值Mean	标准差SD	平均值Mean	标准差SD	P值 P-value	错误发现率 FDR
枝顶孢属Acremonium	Acremonium alternatum	0.0010	0.0009	0.1046	0.0316	0.0233	0.0116	0.0138	0.0092	0.0216	0.0921
	Acremonium charticola	0.0156	0.0097	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.0254	0.0921
	Acremonium fusidioides	0.0005	0.0009	0.0010	0.0018	0.0021	0.0018	0.0011	0.0009	0.6349	0.6498
链格孢属Alternaria	A. alternata	0.5131	0.4741	0.0189	0.0058	0.0389	0.0404	0.0180	0.0122	0.1032	0.1548
链格孢属Alternaria	A. metachromatica	6.1734	2.6057	0.6571	0.0616	0.1744	0.0351	0.2093	0.1196	0.0249	0.0921
葡萄孢属Botrytis	Botrytis cinerea	0.0306	0.0327	0.0074	0.0024	0.0088	0.0009	0.0084	0.0051	0.2044	0.2470
枝孢菌属Cladosporium	Cladosporium sp.	22.2648	6.2645	22.7230	4.7784	17.7589	2.8880	26.5871	9.1443	0.4243	0.4423
白粉菌属Erysiphe	E. convolvuli	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0052	0.0039	0.0000	0.0000	0.0132	0.0921
镰孢菌属Fusarium	F. armeniacum	0.0041	0.0024	0.0005	0.0009	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.0987	0.1507
	F. domesticum	0.0026	0.0024	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0879	0.1365
	F. lacertarum	0.0010	0.0018	0.0026	0.0018	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.1920	0.2340
	F. oxysporum	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.0026	0.0024	0.0016	0.0001	0.1314	0.1844
	F. proliferatum	0.0000	0.0000	0.0016	0.0016	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.2239	0.2632
	F. solani	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0009	0.0015	0.0027	0.0000	0.0000	0.5296	0.5485
匍柄霉属Stemphylium	Stemphylium sp.	0.1209	0.1045	0.3248	0.3317	0.9416	0.1517	0.4951	0.2505	0.0329	0.0870