干旱胁迫对鸭茅根、叶保护酶活性、渗透物质含量及膜质过氧化作用的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb20140316

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以2种不同耐旱性的鸭茅基因型(敏感型“01998”和耐旱型“宝兴”) 为研究对象,研究干旱胁迫下鸭茅根、叶膜质过氧化作用,渗透调节和保护酶活性的生理变化,探讨鸭茅耐旱机制。结果表明, 随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,2种基因型鸭茅根系及叶片电导率,丙二醛含量逐渐增加,渗透调节物质可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸不断积累,而可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性呈先上升后下降趋势。其中,叶片脂膜过氧化产物MDA累积和膜透性增幅较大,说明在持续的干旱胁迫下叶片所受伤害重于根系。而渗透物质积累方面,叶片中可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量高于根系,而根系中的游离氨基酸的相对增加量则大于叶片,这可能与叶片是糖的主要产生部位,而根系则可以合成氨基酸有关。研究还表明,干旱胁迫第24天,耐旱型品种“宝兴”根系及叶片APX、POD活性显著高于“01998” 表明重度干旱胁迫并没有降低APX和POD酶清除H₂O₂和单态氧的能力,说明“宝兴”鸭茅在干旱条件下抗氧化清除系统响应更积极、更持久。

Abstract: To elucidate the mechanism of drought tolerance in orchardgrass, the different responses associated with lipid peroxidation, osmotic adjustment and activity of protective enzymes in the root and leaf to drought stress of two different genotypes of orchardgrass (drought-sensitive “01998” and drought-tolerant “Baoxing”) were investigated. With an extension of drought stress, MDA content and electrolyte leakage in the root and leaf of the two orchardgrasses increased, and total soluble sugar content and free proline content also accumulated. At the same time, soluble protein content, SOD, CAT, POD, APX activities increased initially and then decreased. The accumulation of leaf MDA content and membrane permeability grew fast, indicating that damage on the blades was far more serious than on roots under constant drought stress. Accumulation of osmotic substances, leaf soluble sugar and soluble protein content were higher in shoots than in the roots, while the relative increase of free amino acid was greater in the roots. This might be because the blade is the main area for sugar production, whereas the root system is closely related to the synthesis of amino acids. In addition, APX and POD activities in the roots and leaves of “Baoxing” were higher than those in “01998” under 24 d drought stress, indicating that its ability to scavenge singlet oxygen and H₂O₂ was not weakened by drought stress. Drought tolerant “Baoxing” showed more active and stable peroxidation ability under drought stress.

中图分类号:

S816

季杨,张新全,彭燕,梁小玉,黄琳凯,马啸,马迎梅. 干旱胁迫对鸭茅根、叶保护酶活性、渗透物质含量及膜质过氧化作用的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2014, 23(3): 144-151.

JI Yang,ZHANG Xin-quan,PENG Yan,LIANG Xiao-yu,HUANG Lin-kai,MA Xiao,MA Ying-mei. Effects of drought stress on lipid peroxidation,osmotic adjustment and activities of protective enzymes in the roots and leaves of orchardgrass[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2014, 23(3): 144-151.

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