添加5种植物酚类化合物对高精料底物瘤胃体外发酵及产甲烷的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018023

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 甲烷排放是全球变暖和气候变化的主要影响因素之一,而瘤胃微生物发酵会排放大量甲烷,因此减少反刍动物排放甲烷已引起广泛关注。本试验旨在采用人工瘤胃体外发酵技术,研究在精粗比为65∶35的条件下,添加不同浓度(0、0.05%、0.10%、0.20%)的单宁酸、对羟基苯甲酸、鞣花酸、丁香酸及芦丁对瘤胃体外发酵参数及甲烷产量的影响。结果表明,与空白对照相比,在体外条件下,添加0.05%及以上的单宁显著降低NH₃-N水平(P<0.05),添加0.20%的单宁显著降低发酵终点pH(P<0.05),并显著提高48 h累积产气量和乙丙比(P<0.05)。添加0.10%及以上浓度的对羟基苯甲酸可显著降低NH₃-N和乙酸浓度并提高累积产气量(P<0.05);除乙酸外,对挥发性脂肪酸的产生无显著影响(P>0.05)。添加鞣花酸后显著降低CH₄产生和乙丙比(P<0.05);当添加水平达到0.10%后TVFA(总挥发性脂肪酸)显著下降(P<0.05),达到0.20%后pH和NH₃-N显著下降(P<0.05)。添加丁香酸后NH₃-N和累积产气量显著下降(P<0.05);当添加水平达到0.10%后,CH₄和TVFA显著增加(P<0.05)。添加芦丁显著降低NH₃-N并增加TVFA(P<0.05),当添加水平达到0.10%时,乙丙比显著下降(P<0.05);达到0.20%时pH下降而累积产气量显著增加(P<0.05)。由此可见,添加一定水平的酚酸和芦丁能降低NH₃-N浓度,增加产气量;丁香酸和芦丁可增加TVFA水平,而鞣花酸降低TVFA水平;仅鞣花酸能抑制甲烷产生,而丁香酸促进甲烷的产生。

关键词: 酚酸, 芦丁, 鞣花酸, 体外发酵, 甲烷

Abstract: As methane emission is one of the major factors driving global warming and climate change, its reduction from ruminant farming has attracted widespread attention. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of different levels [0, 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.20%, w/v (weight/volume)] of tannic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ellagic acid, syringic acid and rutin on ruminal fermentation and methane production in vitro. A mixture of concentrate and forage (65∶35) was used as the substrate. The results showed that adding 0.05% and more tannin significantly reduced the level of ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) (P<0.05). Adding 0.20% tannin significantly reduced the fermentation end point pH (P<0.05) and significantly increased the cumulative gas yield at 48 h and the C₂∶C₃ ratio (P<0.05). Adding 0.10% or more p-hydroxybenzoic acid significantly reduced the concentration of NH₃-N and acetate and increased the cumulative gas yield (P<0.05). There was no significant effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the production of volatile fatty acids, with the exception of acetate (P>0.05). When ellagic acid was added, CH₄ production and the C₂∶C₃ ratio significantly reduced (P<0.05). When the addition level of ellagic acid reached 0.10%, TVFA (total volatile fatty acids) decreased significantly (P<0.05), and when the addition level reached 0.20%, pH and NH₃-N also decreased significantly (P<0.05). After the addition of syringic acid, NH₃-N and cumulative gas yield decreased significantly (P<0.05), and when the addition level reached 0.10%, CH₄ and TVFA increased significantly (P<0.05). Rutin significantly decreased NH₃-N and increased TVFA (P<0.05). When the addition level of rutin reached 0.10%, the C₂∶C₃ ratio decreased significantly (P<0.05), and when the addition level reached 0.20%, pH decreased and cumulative gas production increased significantly (P<0.05). In summary, adding a certain level of phenolic acids and rutin can reduce the concentration of NH₃-N and increase gas production. Syringic acid and rutin can increase TVFA production, but ellagic acid reduces TVFA production. Among the additives, only ellagic acid inhibits the production of methane, while syringic acid promotes methane production by ruminal microorganisms.

Key words: phenolic acids, rutin, ellagic acid, in vitro fermentation, methane

魏欢, 李翔宇, 于全平, 陈勇. 添加5种植物酚类化合物对高精料底物瘤胃体外发酵及产甲烷的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(11): 192-199.

WEI Huan, LI Xiang-yu, YU Quan-ping, CHEN Yong. Effects of five plant phenolics on in vitro ruminal fermentation and methane production of a high concentrate-based substrate[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(11): 192-199.

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