AM真菌在白三叶-黑麦草体系中对抗逆信号的传导作用

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019305

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 白三叶-黑麦草混播草地是一种重要的栽培草地,丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)菌丝可以在地下形成菌丝桥,实现信号的传导。水杨酸(SA)、茉莉酸(JA)及乙烯(ET)是重要的植物信号介导物质。在温室条件下,利用AM真菌菌丝桥连接白三叶和多年生黑麦草,并用针刺处理模拟蚜虫取食,通过测定SA、JA等相关指标,研究菌丝桥连接的植物间抗逆信号的传导途径,为利用AM真菌提高植物抗逆性提供理论依据。结果表明,菌丝桥连接分别提高黑麦草地上生物量和总生物量9.97%和10.68%(P<0.05),而未影响白三叶的总生物量;黑麦草植株过氧化物酶(POD)活性在针刺后12 h降低了43.01%(P<0.05),白三叶POD酶活性升高了104.09%(P>0.05)。同时,菌丝桥连接使黑麦草和白三叶的SA浓度在针刺后12 h分别降低了12.99%(P>0.05)和24.18%(P<0.05),JA浓度分别升高了44.69%和79.32%(P<0.05)。综上,1)在白三叶-黑麦草体系中,AM真菌可通过菌丝桥,连接白三叶和黑麦草,实现养分再分配,进而促进黑麦草地上部分生长;2)在菌丝桥连接的情况下,当白三叶和黑麦草同时受到胁迫时,二者对胁迫响应不同;3)菌丝桥能够使植物对逆境胁迫做出更加快速的反应;4)菌丝桥可以在白三叶和多年生黑麦草之间传导抗逆性信号,且这个过程主要由JA介导。

关键词: 白三叶, 多年生黑麦草, 菌丝桥, 信号传导, 水杨酸, 茉莉酸

Abstract: Mixed sowing of white clover (Trifolium repens) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is an important pasture species combination. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form common underground mycorrhizal networks capable of both intra- and inter-species metabolite transfer and signal transduction between plants. The signal transduction is mainly mediated by salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). In this study, pure white clover and pure ryegrass swards were grown in separate pots, either linked by a 7 cm soil filled tube to facilitate formation of AMF bridges between white clover and perennial ryegrass plants in their separate pots, or with white clover and ryegrass pots unlinked to prevent AMF bridge formation. Acupuncture was performed on plants as described below to simulate aphid feeding and SA and JA were determined to study if a stress response signal was transferred between plant species through AMF bridges. Acupunture treatments on clover/ryegrass pot pairs included: no acupuncture; acupuncture of ryegrass with sampling of both species after 8 hours, and acupuncture of clover with both species sampled after 8 or 12 hours. These four treatments were implemented either with or without an AMF bridge present between clover and ryegrass (eight treatments, five replicates). The study aimed to provide theoretical information to facilitate the utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to improve the plant stress resistance. It was found that AMF bridges with white clover increased the shoot biomass of ryegrass by 9.97% (P<0.05) and the total biomass by 10.68% (P<0.05). However the AMF bridges had no effect on the total biomass of white clover. The peroxidase activity of ryegrass was decreased by 43.01% (P<0.05) at 12 h after acupuncture and white clover was increased by 104.09% (P>0.05). Meanwhile, AMF bridges reduced SA concentration of ryegrass and white clover by 12.99% (P>0.05) and 24.18% (P<0.05), respectively, at 12 h after acupuncture, and JA concentration increased by 44.69% (P<0.05) and 79.32% (P<0.05) respectively. In a summary: 1) In white clover-perennial ryegrass mixtures, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can link the white clover and perennial ryegrass through AMF bridges to achieve nutrient redistribution, therefore promoting aboveground growth of perennial ryegrass. 2) In the presence of AMF bridges, white clover and perennial ryegrass have different stress responses. 3) AMF bridges enable participating species to respond more quickly to stress. 4) AMF bridges can transfer stress tolerance signals between white clover and perennial ryegrass, and this process is mainly mediated by JA.

Key words: Trifolium repens, Lolium perenne, common mycorrhizal networks, signal transduction, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid

魏勇, 王晓瑜, 李应德, 段廷玉. AM真菌在白三叶-黑麦草体系中对抗逆信号的传导作用[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 138-146.

WEI Yong, WANG Xiao-yu, LI Ying-de, DUAN Ting-yu. Stress tolerance signal transfer by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a white clover-perennial ryegrass mixture[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 138-146.

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