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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 150-158.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020079

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同茬次和高度热研四号王草的乳酸菌分布及青贮发酵品质

陈鑫珠1,2(), 张建国1()   

  1. 1.华南农业大学南方草业研究中心,广东 广州 510642
    2.福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建 福州 350013
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-26 修回日期:2020-06-17 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 张建国
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangjg@scau.edu.cn
    陈鑫珠(1985-),女,福建龙岩人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: 010622051@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    2019年福建省公益类科研院所专项(2019R1026-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31672486)

Effects of cutting time and plant height of ‘Reyan No.4’ king grass on distribution of lactic acid bacteria and silage fermentation quality

Xin-zhu CHEN1,2(), Jian-guo ZHANG1()   

  1. 1.Department of Grassland Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
    2.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China
  • Received:2020-02-26 Revised:2020-06-17 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-01-08
  • Contact: Jian-guo ZHANG

摘要:

为探明茬次和高度对热研四号王草的乳酸菌分布和青贮发酵品质的影响,本研究对热研四号王草进行连续刈割3茬,每茬分别在1.0、1.5和2.0 m高度时采样,进行营养成分分析、青贮调制、乳酸菌计数及分离鉴定。结果表明,随着刈割高度的增加,原料的干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著(P<0.05)升高,粗蛋白(CP)含量和pH值显著(P<0.05)降低;第2茬的DM含量显著(P<0.05)高于第1和3茬,第1茬的CP、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)和ADF含量最高,NDF含量最低;第2茬的青贮发酵品质优于第1和3茬; 2.0 m青贮品质优于1.0和1.5 m;第2和3茬乳酸菌的数量显著(P<0.05)高于第1茬;2.0 m高度乳酸菌数量较多,但不同高度间无显著(P>0.05)差异。培养法发现植物乳杆菌和融合乳杆菌是热研四号王草的高频乳酸菌,第1茬只分离到2种乳酸菌,第3茬分离到4种乳酸菌。

关键词: 热研四号王草, 茬次, 高度, 乳酸菌

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated the effects of cutting time and plant height on the distribution of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and the fermentation quality of king grass (Pennisetum purpureum×Pennisetum typhoideum cv. ‘Reyan No.4’) silage. We analyzed the LAB distribution on, and characteristics of, king grass cut at different times (first, second, and third cuttings) and at different plant heights (1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 m), and evaluated the fermentation quality of silages produced from these materials. The results showed that with the increase in king grass height, the contents of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased significantly (P<0.05), and the crude protein (CP) content and pH value significantly decreased (P<0.05). The DM content in king grass was significantly higher (P<0.05) at the second cutting than at the first and third cuttings. At the first cutting, the contents of CP, water soluble-carbohydrate (WSC), and ADF were the highest, and the NDF content was the lowest. The fermentation quality of the silage produced from the second cutting was better than that of the silages produced from the first and the third cuttings. The fermentation quality of silage produced from 2.0 m high king grass was better than that of silages produced from 1.0 and 1.5 m high king grass. The number of LAB detected from king grass was significantly higher (P<0.05) at the second and third cuttings than at the first cutting. The highest number of LAB was detected from 2.0 m high king grass, but the number did not differ significantly among the three heights (P>0.05). The most abundant LAB on king grass were Lactobacillus plantarum and Weissella confusa. Two types of LAB were isolated from king grass at the first cutting and four types of LAB were isolated at the third cutting.

Key words: Reyan No.4 king grass, cutting, plant height, lactic acid bacteria