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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 99-109.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021394

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

东祁连山不同土地利用方式下土壤重金属污染评价

赛宁刚(), 祁娟(), 贾燕伟, 车美美, 杨娟弟, 王晓娟, 徐长林   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 修回日期:2021-12-13 出版日期:2022-10-20 发布日期:2022-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 祁娟
  • 作者简介:E-mail: 124621504@qq.com
    赛宁刚(1994-),男,甘肃定西人,在读硕士。E-mail: 405714024@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31660684);青海省科技厅重点实验室专项(2020-ZJ-Y03);国家农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-3)

Evaluation of soil heavy metal pollution under different land use patterns in the eastern Qilian Mountains

Ning-gang SAI(), Juan QI(), Yan-wei JIA, Mei-mei CHE, Juan-di YANG, Xiao-juan WANG, Chang-lin XU   

  1. Gansu Agricultural University,College of Pratacultural Science,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2021-11-01 Revised:2021-12-13 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-09-14
  • Contact: Juan QI

摘要:

本研究通过对东祁连山不同土地利用类型下土壤的7种重金属含量进行测定,结合青藏高原土壤元素背景值,对土壤重金属污染程度和综合潜在生态风险做出综合性评价。结果表明:7种重金属元素的均值都超过了土壤元素背景值,其中Zn和Ni平均含量较高,为196.67 mg·kg-1和74.28 mg·kg-1,分别是土壤背景值的3.20和3.00倍,形成了土壤重金属元素的富集现象;内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态风险系数法分析显示,各类型土地平均内梅罗综合污染指数为2.84,属于中度污染程度,其中农田平均污染指数最大,为3.10,达到了重度污染水平;草地为2.71,湿地最小为2.49,均为中度污染水平。各类型土地的综合潜在生态风险系数为94.31,其中农田类风险系数最高,为101.90,草地类为92.22,湿地为73.29;各类型土壤中Zn元素变异系数最低;Cd元素变异系数最高。

关键词: 祁连山, 土壤污染, 重金属, 生态风险评价

Abstract:

In this study we measured the levels of seven heavy metals in soils under different land uses in the eastern Qilian Mountains. By comparison with the background levels of soil elements on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the degree of soil heavy metal pollution and the overall potential ecological risk was evaluated using the Nemero comprehensive pollution index and potential ecological risk coefficient. It was found that the average values of the seven measured heavy metal elements were higher than the background values. The average levels of Zn and Ni was higher at 196.67 mg·kg-1 and 74.28 mg·kg-1, respectively, these values being 3.20 and 3.00 times higher, respectively, than background values. Thus, it was concluded that an enrichment phenomenon of soil heavy metal elements is occurring. The Nemero comprehensive pollution index averaged for all land use categories was 2.84, which is classed as the pollution level is moderat. For farmland, the average pollution index was highest at 3.10, which is classified as a severe pollution level. The grassland pollution index was 2.71, and the wetland was lowest at 2.49, both of which are considered moderate pollution levels. The average comprehensive potential ecological risk coefficient for all land types was 94.31, with the risk coefficient of farmland being the highest (101.90), while that of grassland was 92.22 and that of wetland was 73.29. The coefficient of variation for Zn in all soil types was the lowest. The coefficient of variation of Cd was the highest.

Key words: Qilian Mountains, soil pollution, heavy metals, ecological risk assessment