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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 15-25.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022248

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

翻埋与覆盖林木枝条对干旱区沙化土壤及紫花苜蓿根系丛枝菌根真菌的影响

王博1,2(), 张茹3, 刘静1,2, 李志刚1,2()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
    3.宁夏师范学院数学与计算机科学学院,宁夏 固原 756000
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-07 修回日期:2022-07-02 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2022-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 李志刚
  • 作者简介:E-mail: lizg001@sina.com
    王博(1995-),男,宁夏贺兰人,在读硕士。E-mail: wb_0208@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏重点研发项目(2021BEG03010);宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC05013)

Effects of incorporated and mulched tree branches on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the desertified soil and root of alfalfa in arid areas

Bo WANG1,2(), Ru ZHANG3, Jing LIU1,2, Zhi-gang LI1,2()   

  1. 1.School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Centre,Yinchuan 750021,China
    3.School of Mathematics and Computer Science,Ningxia Normal University,Guyuan 756000,China
  • Received:2022-06-07 Revised:2022-07-02 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2022-12-01
  • Contact: Zhi-gang LI

摘要:

沙化是全球干旱半干旱地区土壤退化的主要类型之一,而该地区的生态防护林、农田防护林及城市森林的林木修剪物为沙化土壤的改良提供了丰富的资源。本研究以宁夏易得的杨树枝条为材料,设置了覆盖(M)、翻埋(W)、翻埋+覆盖(WB)及无任何枝条添加的对照(CK)4种处理,测定了土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性、紫花苜蓿地上生物量及菌根侵染率等指标,并利用 Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术研究了土壤与根系丛枝菌根(AM)真菌群落结构,分析了影响AM真菌侵染率及群落结构的主要驱动因子。研究结果表明,翻埋与覆盖处理均不同程度改善了土壤性质,提高了紫花苜蓿地上生物量,但总体以WB处理效果较佳;相比CK,处理WB还显著提高了紫花苜蓿根系总侵染率、丛枝侵染率、菌丝侵染率、泡囊侵染率及土壤孢子数(P<0.05),同时亦显著提高了根系AM真菌Chao1和ACE指数,但所有林木枝条施用方式对土壤α多样性影响均不显著(P>0.05)。此外,NMDS和PERMANOVA分析结果显示,处理WB对土壤与根系AM真菌群落结构存在显著响应(P<0.05)。相关分析和dbRDA分析结果进一步表明,AM真菌的侵染状况及群落结构的改变与土壤性质及紫花苜蓿地上生物量密切相关,且紫花苜蓿地上生物量与土壤无机氮含量是影响土壤及根系AM真菌群落结构的共有主要因子。综上所述,WB由于在改善土壤理化性质和促进AM真菌侵染定殖及活性方面效果较好,所以该处理可为推广利用林木废弃物进行干旱半干旱区沙化土壤的改良恢复提供科学依据。

关键词: 林木枝条, 土壤改良, AM真菌侵染率, AM真菌群落结构, 干旱半干旱区

Abstract:

Desertification is one of the main land degradation processes in arid and semiarid areas globally. However, there is an abundant supply of woody organic materials, from ecological shelterbelts, farmland shelterbelts, and urban forests which can provide raw materials for amendments for soil restoration in these areas. Trimmed poplar (Populus alba) branches available in Ningxia were used for amendment materials in this study. Four amendment treatments (with five replicates) were set up: Wood chip mulch (M), wood chip incorporation (W), wood chip incorporation with branch cover (WB) and zero addition (CK). Then, soil physio-chemical properties, enzyme activities, aboveground biomass of Medicago sativa, and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonization rate were determined. Meanwhile, the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology was used to measure AM fungal community structure both in soil and roots. Finally, data were analyzed to identify the key driving factors which affect AM fungi colonization and community structure. It was found that all branch amendments improved soil properties and increased the aboveground biomass of alfalfa. Compared with CK, the WB treatment generated the best enhancement effect. Moreover, the WB treatment also significantly increased the colonization of roots by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and increased clump abundance, hyphal abundance, vesicle abundance, and soil spore number (P<0.05). Also, compared with CK, the WB treatment significantly increased the Chao1 and ACE indexes of AM fungi in the root (P<0.05), although there were no differences among treatments for α-diversity of AM fungi in soil (P>0.05). In addition, non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and permutational MANOVA (PERMANOVA) analyses indicated that the WB treatment induced a significant soil and root AM fungal community structure response (P<0.05). Additionally, correlation analysis and distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) indicated that colonization and community structure of AM fungi were closely correlated with soil properties and alfalfa above-ground biomass. Furthermore, above-ground biomass of alfalfa and inorganic nitrogen were identified as the mutual and key factors affecting AM fungal community both in soil and root. In all, WB substantially improved soil properties and accelerating colonization and activity of AM fungi, so these results provide a scientific basis for promoting the use of forest residues for the improvement and restoration of desertified soil in arid and semi-arid areas.

Key words: tree branches, soil amendment, AM fungal colonization, AM fungal community structure, arid and semi-arid areas