黑麦草和生物炭对喀斯特地区黄壤养分影响研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017239

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究黑麦草和生物炭组合模式对喀斯特地区黄壤养分的影响,以贵州省播州区黄壤为研究对象,在温室进行盆栽试验,设置12个处理:裸地对照(CK),单植黑麦草(R),单施不同比例(1%、3%、5%、7%、9%)生物炭(BLB₁、BLB₃、BLB₅、BLB₇、BLB₉),黑麦草+不同比例生物炭组合模式(RB₁、RB₃、RB₅、RB₇、RB₉)。45 d后采集土样,测定土壤有机质、pH值、全磷、速效磷以及全钾和速效钾含量。结果表明:单植黑麦草处理会降低有机质、全磷、全钾和速效钾含量,黑麦草对养分的消耗量大于积累量;单施生物炭处理、黑麦草+生物炭组合模式处理均能提高养分含量,且生物炭比例和土壤各养分含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),相关系数最低为0.78;除7%时,其他比例下单施生物炭对各养分含量的增益效应均高于黑麦草+生物炭组合模式处理。考虑到黑麦草生长最适pH值和喀斯特地区水土流失现状,确定现阶段黑麦草+7%生物炭组合模式是有效缓解黄壤肥力低下、质地黏重的最佳布设方式。本研究结果可为改良喀斯特地区黄壤养分限制因子提供科学依据。

关键词: 生物炭, 黑麦草, 黄壤, 养分, 土壤改良

Abstract: This study explored the effects of biochar addition and ryegrass growth on the nutrient distribution in yellow soil in Karst area, of Bozhou County, Guizhou Province, China. The experiment was conducted over a period of 45 days with twelve treatments, including a bare land control (CK), only planting of ryegrass (R), only addition of biochar at various rates (BLB₁, BLB₃, BLB₅, BLB₇, BLB₉; subscripts indicate % biochar added to soil weight∶weight), and ryegrass planting together with addition of biochar at various rates (RB₁, RB₃, RB₅, RB₇, RB₉). The soil organic matter (SOM), pH, total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), total potassium (TK) and available potassium (AK) were tested after 45 days. The results indicated that the treatments BLB and RB were the most effective way to increase the content of all nutrients. The rate of biochar addition was significantly positively correlated with the content of all nutrients (P<0.01), and the smallest correlation coefficient was 0.78. The R treatment was the treatment in which the content of SOM, TP, TK and AP were decreased, as the nutrient consumption of ryegrass was higher than the nutrient return to the soil. Compared with BLB treatments, RB treatments decreased the nutrient except the 7% treatment. However, considering the optimum pH value for ryegrass growth and the soil erosion situation in Karst area, the treatment RB₇ can be recommended because it both improved the soil nutrient status and texture in this yellow soil. This study provided scientific data comparing options for ameliorating the nutrient limitations of nutrients in Karst region yellow soil.

Key words: biochar, ryegrass, yellow soil, nutrient, soil improvement

宋丹丹,何丙辉,罗松平,吴耀鹏. 黑麦草和生物炭对喀斯特地区黄壤养分影响研究[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(4): 195-201.

SONG Dan-dan, HE Bing-hui, LUO Song-ping, WU Yao-peng. The effects of ryegrass and biochar on soil nutrient distribution in Karst area[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(4): 195-201.

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