草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 223-236.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024259
• 综合评述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2024-07-02
修回日期:2024-08-22
出版日期:2025-05-20
发布日期:2025-03-20
通讯作者:
臧辉
作者简介:E-mail: zanghui94@163.com基金资助:
Dong-liang SHANG(
), Hui ZANG(
)
Received:2024-07-02
Revised:2024-08-22
Online:2025-05-20
Published:2025-03-20
Contact:
Hui ZANG
摘要:
一年生早熟禾属禾本科草本植物,已成为成坪高尔夫草坪上一种重要杂草,严重影响草坪的使用价值。目前化学除草剂和植物生长调节剂是控制一年生早熟禾的主要措施。本研究详细总结了高尔夫草坪上一年生早熟禾的发生特点、危害及最佳防治时间,对可安全用于不同草坪草上防除一年生早熟禾的化学除草剂和植物生长调节剂有效成分信息和田间应用案例进行全面梳理,指出存在的问题并提出相应对策。结果表明,芽前组合氨氟乐灵、氟草胺+氟乐灵、氟硫草定、氟硫草定+异噁酰草胺、氟草胺、二甲戊灵、氨氟乐灵+异噁酰草胺、氨氟乐灵+二氯喹啉酸、氨氟乐灵+甲磺草胺、methiozolin、地散磷+噁草酮可安全用于匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根和结缕草;氨氟乐灵、二甲戊灵、氨氟乐灵+异噁酰草胺、氨氟乐灵+甲磺草胺、茚嗪氟草胺、二甲酚草胺+二甲戊灵可安全应用于海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草和百喜草。芽后除草剂methiozolin、氨唑草酮、磺酰磺隆可安全用于匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草和海滨雀稗;氨唑草酮和磺酰磺隆可安全用于假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草和百喜草。同时指出目前国内一年生早熟禾的防除存在重苗后轻芽前、防治时间错误等问题,提出一年生早熟禾的防除应以芽前封闭为主,芽后早期使用植物生长调节剂和低剂量除草剂混用的施药方式,能够最大程度减少化学除草剂对草坪草的伤害。
尚栋亮, 臧辉. 成坪高尔夫草坪上一年生早熟禾的化学防除研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(5): 223-236.
Dong-liang SHANG, Hui ZANG. Research progress on the chemical control of annual bluegrass in established golf turf[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(5): 223-236.
除草剂 类型 Herbicide type | 化学分类 Chemical group | 有效成分 Active ingredients | HRAC分组代码HRAC group code | 作用方式 Mode of action | 参考 文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芽前除 草剂 Preemergence herbicide | 二硝基苯胺类Dinitroanilines | 氨氟乐灵Prodiamine | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ |
| 氨磺乐灵Oryzalin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 二甲戊灵Pendimethalin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 氟草胺Benefin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 氟乐灵Trifluralin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 吡啶类Pyridines | 氟硫草定Dithiopyr | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | |
| 噁二唑酮类N-phenyl-oxadiazolones | 噁草酮Oxadiazon | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| N-苯基酞酰胺类N-phenyl-imides | 丙炔氟草胺Flumioxazin | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| α-氯化乙酰氨类α-chloroacetamides | 异丙甲草胺Metolachlor | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| α-氯化乙酰氨类α-chloroacetamides | 二甲酚草胺Dimethenamid | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| 三酮类Triketones | 硝磺草酮Mesotrione | 27 | 丙酮酸羟苯酯双加氧酶抑制剂Inhibition of hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase | [ | |
| 二硫代磷酸酯类Phosphorodithioate | 地散磷Bensulide | 0 | - | [ | |
| 苯酰胺类Benzamides | 异噁酰草胺Isoxaben | 29 | 纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis | [ | |
| 三嗪类Alkylazines | 茚嗪氟草胺Indaziflam | 29 | 纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis | [ | |
芽后除 草剂Postemergence herbicide | 磺酰脲类Sulfonylureas | 啶嘧磺隆Flazasulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ |
| 甲酰胺基磺隆Foramsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 甲磺隆Metsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 磺酰磺隆Sulfosulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 噻酮磺隆Thiencarbazone | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 氯吡嘧磺隆Halosulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 三氟啶磺隆Trifloxysulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 嘧啶水杨酸类Pyrimidinyl benzoates | 双草醚Bispyribac | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | |
| 咪唑啉酮类Imidazolinones | 咪唑喹啉酸Imazaquin | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | |
| 三唑啉酮类Triazolinone | 氨唑草酮Amicarbazone | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 有机磷类Organophosphorus | 草甘膦Glyphosate | 9 | 烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸磷酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase | [ | |
芽前兼 芽后Pre/postemergence herbicide | 苯酰胺类Benzamides | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ |
| 三氮苯类Triazines | 莠去津Atrazine | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三嗪酮类Triazinones | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三氮苯类Triazines | 西玛津Simazine | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三唑啉酮类N-phenyl-triazolinones | 甲磺草胺Sulfentrazone | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| 苯丙呋喃类Benzofurans | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| 苯甲醚类Benzyl ether | Methiozolin | 30 | 脂肪酸硫酯酶合成抑制剂Inhibition of fatty acid thioesterase | [ |
表1 可用于成坪高尔夫草坪防除一年生早熟禾的除草剂有效成分信息
Table 1 Information of the active ingredients of herbicides that can be used to control annual bluegrass in established golf turf
除草剂 类型 Herbicide type | 化学分类 Chemical group | 有效成分 Active ingredients | HRAC分组代码HRAC group code | 作用方式 Mode of action | 参考 文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芽前除 草剂 Preemergence herbicide | 二硝基苯胺类Dinitroanilines | 氨氟乐灵Prodiamine | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ |
| 氨磺乐灵Oryzalin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 二甲戊灵Pendimethalin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 氟草胺Benefin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 氟乐灵Trifluralin | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | ||
| 吡啶类Pyridines | 氟硫草定Dithiopyr | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ | |
| 噁二唑酮类N-phenyl-oxadiazolones | 噁草酮Oxadiazon | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| N-苯基酞酰胺类N-phenyl-imides | 丙炔氟草胺Flumioxazin | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| α-氯化乙酰氨类α-chloroacetamides | 异丙甲草胺Metolachlor | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| α-氯化乙酰氨类α-chloroacetamides | 二甲酚草胺Dimethenamid | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| 三酮类Triketones | 硝磺草酮Mesotrione | 27 | 丙酮酸羟苯酯双加氧酶抑制剂Inhibition of hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase | [ | |
| 二硫代磷酸酯类Phosphorodithioate | 地散磷Bensulide | 0 | - | [ | |
| 苯酰胺类Benzamides | 异噁酰草胺Isoxaben | 29 | 纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis | [ | |
| 三嗪类Alkylazines | 茚嗪氟草胺Indaziflam | 29 | 纤维素合成抑制剂Inhibition of cellulose synthesis | [ | |
芽后除 草剂Postemergence herbicide | 磺酰脲类Sulfonylureas | 啶嘧磺隆Flazasulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ |
| 甲酰胺基磺隆Foramsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 甲磺隆Metsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 磺酰磺隆Sulfosulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 噻酮磺隆Thiencarbazone | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 氯吡嘧磺隆Halosulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 三氟啶磺隆Trifloxysulfuron | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | ||
| 嘧啶水杨酸类Pyrimidinyl benzoates | 双草醚Bispyribac | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | |
| 咪唑啉酮类Imidazolinones | 咪唑喹啉酸Imazaquin | 2 | 乙酰乳酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of acetolactate synthase | [ | |
| 三唑啉酮类Triazolinone | 氨唑草酮Amicarbazone | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 有机磷类Organophosphorus | 草甘膦Glyphosate | 9 | 烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸磷酸合酶抑制剂Inhibition of enolpyruvyl shikimate phosphate synthase | [ | |
芽前兼 芽后Pre/postemergence herbicide | 苯酰胺类Benzamides | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | 3 | 微管组装抑制剂Inhibition of microtubule assembly | [ |
| 三氮苯类Triazines | 莠去津Atrazine | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三嗪酮类Triazinones | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三氮苯类Triazines | 西玛津Simazine | 5 | 光系统Ⅱ抑制剂Inhibition of photosynthesis PSⅡ | [ | |
| 三唑啉酮类N-phenyl-triazolinones | 甲磺草胺Sulfentrazone | 14 | 原卟啉原氧化酶的抑制剂Inhibition of protoporphyrinogen oxidase | [ | |
| 苯丙呋喃类Benzofurans | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | 15 | 长链脂肪酸合成抑制剂Inhibition of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis | [ | |
| 苯甲醚类Benzyl ether | Methiozolin | 30 | 脂肪酸硫酯酶合成抑制剂Inhibition of fatty acid thioesterase | [ |
| 植物生长调节剂类型Plant growth regulator type | 化学分类 Chemical group | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 作用方式 Mode of action | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 促进剂Promoter | 有机磷类Organophosphorus | 乙烯利Ethephon | 促进蛋白质的合成Promote protein synthesis | [ |
| 抑制剂Inhibitor | 三唑类Triazole | 多效唑Paclobutrazol | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ |
| 环己烷羧酸类Cyclohexane carboxylic acids | 抗倒酯Trinexapac-ethyl | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ | |
| 含氮杂环类Nitrogenous heterocycles | 呋嘧醇Flurprimidol | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ |
表2 可用于成坪高尔夫草坪防除一年生早熟禾的植物生长调节剂有效成分信息
Table 2 Information of active ingredients of plant growth regulators that can be used to control annual bluegrass in established golf turf
| 植物生长调节剂类型Plant growth regulator type | 化学分类 Chemical group | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 作用方式 Mode of action | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 促进剂Promoter | 有机磷类Organophosphorus | 乙烯利Ethephon | 促进蛋白质的合成Promote protein synthesis | [ |
| 抑制剂Inhibitor | 三唑类Triazole | 多效唑Paclobutrazol | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ |
| 环己烷羧酸类Cyclohexane carboxylic acids | 抗倒酯Trinexapac-ethyl | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ | |
| 含氮杂环类Nitrogenous heterocycles | 呋嘧醇Flurprimidol | 赤霉素合成抑制剂Gibberellin synthesis inhibitors | [ |
商品名 Trade name | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 防除效果 Control effect | 有效成分用量 Active ingredient dosage (kg·hm-2) | 登记安全应用于草坪草种类 Registration safety applies to turfgrass species | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barricade | 氨氟乐灵Prodiamine | G | 0.18~0.55 | 匍匐剪股颖(球道)、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass (fairway), tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Team pro | 氟草胺+氟乐灵Benefin+trifluralin | G | (0.85~1.70)+ (0.85~1.70) | 匍匐剪股颖(球道)、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass (fairway), tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Dimension | 氟硫草定Dithiopyr | G | 0.14~0.42 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、野牛草、地毯草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, buffalograss, carpetgrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Crew | 氟硫草定+异噁酰草胺Dithiopyr+isoxaben | G | (0.14~0.42)+ (0.56~1.12) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Balan | 氟草胺Benefin | G | 1.68~3.36 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Ronstar | 噁草酮Oxadiazon | G | 0.84~1.68 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Pendulum | 二甲戊灵Pendimethalin | G | 1.68~3.36 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Gemini | 氨氟乐灵+异噁酰草胺Prodiamine+isoxaben | G | (0.18~0.55)+ (0.56~1.12) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Cavalcade | 氨氟乐灵+二氯喹啉酸Prodiamine+quinclorac | G | (0.35~1.68)+ (0.56~0.84) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, buffalograss | [ |
| Echelon | 氨氟乐灵+甲磺草胺Prodiamine+sulfentrazone | G | (0.180~0.550)+ (0.092~0.140) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、地毯草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, carpetgrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Poacure | Methiozolin | E | 0.52~1.04 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum | [ |
| Goosegrass | 地散磷+噁草酮Bensulide+oxadiazon | G | (3.36~6.72)+ (0.84~1.68) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Prograss | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | G | 0.84~2.24 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、休眠期狗牙根、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, dormant bermudagrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Surflan flex | 氨磺乐灵Oryzalin | E | 1.68~2.24 | 高羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Tall fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Specticle flo | 茚嗪氟草胺Indaziflam | E | 0.013~0.020 | 狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Surflan xl | 氟草胺+氨磺乐灵Benefin+oryzalin | G | (0.85~1.70)+ (1.68~2.24) | 高羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Tall fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Freehand | 二甲酚草胺+二甲戊灵Dimethenamid+pendimethalin | G | (0.84~1.68)+ (1.12~2.24) | 狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Kerb | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | E | 0.56~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Princep | 西玛津Simazine | E | 1.12~1.79 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Pennant magnum | 异丙甲草胺Metolachlor | G | 1.39~2.78 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Sureguard | 丙炔氟草胺Flumioxazin | E | 0.28~0.43 | 处于休眠期的狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Dormant bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Sencor | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | E | 0.28~0.56 | 狗牙根Bermudagrass | [ |
| Aatrex | 莠去津Atrazine | E | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
表3 可用于成坪高尔夫草坪防除一年生早熟禾芽前药剂组合
Table 3 Preemergence herbicide combinations for controlling annual bluegrass in established golf turf
商品名 Trade name | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 防除效果 Control effect | 有效成分用量 Active ingredient dosage (kg·hm-2) | 登记安全应用于草坪草种类 Registration safety applies to turfgrass species | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barricade | 氨氟乐灵Prodiamine | G | 0.18~0.55 | 匍匐剪股颖(球道)、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass (fairway), tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Team pro | 氟草胺+氟乐灵Benefin+trifluralin | G | (0.85~1.70)+ (0.85~1.70) | 匍匐剪股颖(球道)、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass (fairway), tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Dimension | 氟硫草定Dithiopyr | G | 0.14~0.42 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、野牛草、地毯草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, buffalograss, carpetgrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Crew | 氟硫草定+异噁酰草胺Dithiopyr+isoxaben | G | (0.14~0.42)+ (0.56~1.12) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Balan | 氟草胺Benefin | G | 1.68~3.36 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Ronstar | 噁草酮Oxadiazon | G | 0.84~1.68 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Pendulum | 二甲戊灵Pendimethalin | G | 1.68~3.36 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Gemini | 氨氟乐灵+异噁酰草胺Prodiamine+isoxaben | G | (0.18~0.55)+ (0.56~1.12) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Cavalcade | 氨氟乐灵+二氯喹啉酸Prodiamine+quinclorac | G | (0.35~1.68)+ (0.56~0.84) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、野牛草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, buffalograss | [ |
| Echelon | 氨氟乐灵+甲磺草胺Prodiamine+sulfentrazone | G | (0.180~0.550)+ (0.092~0.140) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、地毯草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, carpetgrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Poacure | Methiozolin | E | 0.52~1.04 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum | [ |
| Goosegrass | 地散磷+噁草酮Bensulide+oxadiazon | G | (3.36~6.72)+ (0.84~1.68) | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、狗牙根、结缕草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Prograss | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | G | 0.84~2.24 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、休眠期狗牙根、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, dormant bermudagrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Surflan flex | 氨磺乐灵Oryzalin | E | 1.68~2.24 | 高羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Tall fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Specticle flo | 茚嗪氟草胺Indaziflam | E | 0.013~0.020 | 狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Surflan xl | 氟草胺+氨磺乐灵Benefin+oryzalin | G | (0.85~1.70)+ (1.68~2.24) | 高羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Tall fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Freehand | 二甲酚草胺+二甲戊灵Dimethenamid+pendimethalin | G | (0.84~1.68)+ (1.12~2.24) | 狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Kerb | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | E | 0.56~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Princep | 西玛津Simazine | E | 1.12~1.79 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Pennant magnum | 异丙甲草胺Metolachlor | G | 1.39~2.78 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Sureguard | 丙炔氟草胺Flumioxazin | E | 0.28~0.43 | 处于休眠期的狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Dormant bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Sencor | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | E | 0.28~0.56 | 狗牙根Bermudagrass | [ |
| Aatrex | 莠去津Atrazine | E | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
商品名 Trade name | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 防除效果 Control effect | 有效成分用量 Active ingredient dosage (kg·hm-2) | 登记安全应用于草坪草种类 Registration safety applies to turfgrass species | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poacure | Methiozolin | E | 0.52~1.04 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum | [ |
| Xonerate | 氨唑草酮Amicarbazone | G | 0.04~0.10 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Kerb | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | G | 0.56~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Princep | 西玛津Simazine | G | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Katana | 啶嘧磺隆Flazasulfuron | G | 0.0089~0.0530 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Revolver | 甲酰胺基磺隆Foramsulfuron | E | 0.0067~0.0580 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Negate | 甲磺隆+砜嘧磺隆Metsulfuron+rimsulfuron | G | (0.020~0.040)+ (0.016~0.032) | 狗牙根、结缕草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Certainty | 磺酰磺隆Sulfosulfuron | G | 0.065~0.100 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Monument | 三氟啶磺隆Trifloxysulfuron | E | 0.0179~0.0280 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Aatrex | 莠去津Atrazine | E | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Tribute total | 噻酮磺隆+甲酰胺基磺隆+氯吡嘧磺隆Thiencarbazone+foramsulfuron+halosulfuron | E | (0.0050~0.0100)+ (0.0067~0.0580)+ (0.0680~0.1400) | 狗牙根、结缕草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Rimsulfuron | 砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron | E | 0.0080~0.0336 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Campaign | 草甘膦+2,4-D Glyphosate+2,4-D | E | (0.81~1.62)+ (0.85~1.70) | 休眠期的狗牙根Dormant bermudagrass | [ |
| Coastal | 西玛津+氨氟乐灵+咪唑喹啉酸Simazine+prodiamine+imazaquin | G | (1.12~1.79)+ (0.18~0.55)+ (0.41~0.56) | 休眠期的狗牙根、结缕草Dormant bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Sencor | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | G | 0.28~0.56 | 狗牙根Bermudagrass | [ |
| Velocity | 双草醚Bispyribac | G | 0.02~0.07 | 匍匐剪股颖、多年生黑麦草Creeping bentgrass, perennial ryegrass | [ |
| Prograss | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | G | 0.84~2.24 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、休眠期狗牙根、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, dormant bermudagrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
表4 可用于成坪高尔夫草坪防除一年生早熟禾芽后药剂组合
Table 4 Postemergence herbicide combinations for controlling annual bluegrass in established golf turf
商品名 Trade name | 有效成分 Active ingredients | 防除效果 Control effect | 有效成分用量 Active ingredient dosage (kg·hm-2) | 登记安全应用于草坪草种类 Registration safety applies to turfgrass species | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poacure | Methiozolin | E | 0.52~1.04 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum | [ |
| Xonerate | 氨唑草酮Amicarbazone | G | 0.04~0.10 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Kerb | 戊炔草胺Pronamide | G | 0.56~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Princep | 西玛津Simazine | G | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Katana | 啶嘧磺隆Flazasulfuron | G | 0.0089~0.0530 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Revolver | 甲酰胺基磺隆Foramsulfuron | E | 0.0067~0.0580 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Negate | 甲磺隆+砜嘧磺隆Metsulfuron+rimsulfuron | G | (0.020~0.040)+ (0.016~0.032) | 狗牙根、结缕草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Certainty | 磺酰磺隆Sulfosulfuron | G | 0.065~0.100 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、细羊茅、狗牙根、结缕草、海滨雀稗、假俭草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草、百喜草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescue, bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, seashore paspalum, centipedegrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass, bahiagrass | [ |
| Monument | 三氟啶磺隆Trifloxysulfuron | E | 0.0179~0.0280 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Aatrex | 莠去津Atrazine | E | 1.12~2.24 | 狗牙根、结缕草、假俭草、圣奥古斯丁草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, centipedegrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
| Tribute total | 噻酮磺隆+甲酰胺基磺隆+氯吡嘧磺隆Thiencarbazone+foramsulfuron+halosulfuron | E | (0.0050~0.0100)+ (0.0067~0.0580)+ (0.0680~0.1400) | 狗牙根、结缕草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Rimsulfuron | 砜嘧磺隆Rimsulfuron | E | 0.0080~0.0336 | 狗牙根、结缕草、野牛草Bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, buffalograss | [ |
| Campaign | 草甘膦+2,4-D Glyphosate+2,4-D | E | (0.81~1.62)+ (0.85~1.70) | 休眠期的狗牙根Dormant bermudagrass | [ |
| Coastal | 西玛津+氨氟乐灵+咪唑喹啉酸Simazine+prodiamine+imazaquin | G | (1.12~1.79)+ (0.18~0.55)+ (0.41~0.56) | 休眠期的狗牙根、结缕草Dormant bermudagrass, zoysiagrass | [ |
| Sencor | 嗪草酮Metribuzin | G | 0.28~0.56 | 狗牙根Bermudagrass | [ |
| Velocity | 双草醚Bispyribac | G | 0.02~0.07 | 匍匐剪股颖、多年生黑麦草Creeping bentgrass, perennial ryegrass | [ |
| Prograss | 乙氧呋草磺Ethofumesate | G | 0.84~2.24 | 匍匐剪股颖、高羊茅、肯塔基早熟禾、多年生黑麦草、休眠期狗牙根、圣奥古斯丁草Creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, dormant bermudagrass, st. augustinegrass | [ |
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