农牧交错带人工种草对土壤磷素有效性的影响

草业学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 169-174.

农牧交错带人工种草对土壤磷素有效性的影响

郭彦军^1,2,倪郁³,韩建国²

1.西南大学动物科技学院,重庆 400715;
2.中国农业大学草地研究所,北京 100094;

3.西南大学农学与生物技术学院,重庆 400715

收稿日期:2009-03-23 出版日期:2010-02-25 发布日期:2010-04-20
作者简介:郭彦军(1974-),男,青海贵德人,副教授,博士。E-mailqhgyj@126.com
基金资助:
国家十一五专项(2006BAD16B01)和国家基础研究计划(2007CB108901)资助

Effects of establishing perennial artificial grasslands on the availability of soilphosphorus in agro-pastoral transitional zones, Northern China

GUO Yan-Jun^1,2, NI Yu³, HAN Jian-guo²

1.College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
2.Institute
of Grassland Science, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100094, China;
3.College of
Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2009-03-23 Online:2010-02-25 Published:2010-04-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在北方农牧交错带,选择种植4年的多年生人工草地,即扁穗冰草、草地雀麦、无芒雀麦、羊草和紫花苜蓿草地,研究了人工种草对土壤磷素有效性的影响。结果表明,人工种草后土壤总有机碳含量接近天然草地水平,而人工草地土壤全磷含量、Ca-P含量显著低于天然草地,且速效磷含量均在3mg/kg以下。人工草地土壤无机磷占全磷的比例显著低于天然草地,且人工草地土壤O-P无法检测出含量(除扁穗冰草草地)。相关分析表明土壤速效磷含量与土壤各形态无机磷均呈显著正相关关系,说明在磷素较低的石灰性土壤中,各形态无机磷都是植物所需磷素的重要来源。

Abstract: The effects of establishing artificial grassland on the availability of soil phosphorus in agro-pastoral transitional zone in Northern China was studied on four year old artificial grasslands of Agropyron cristatum, Bromus riparius, Bromus inermis, Leymus chinensis and Medicago sativa. The soil total organic carbon content in artificial grassland was higher than in natural steppe soils, while the contents of total phosphorus and Ca-P were significantly lower and the content of available phosphorus was less than 3 mg/kg. The proportion of inorganic phosphorus to total phosphorus in artificial grassland was significantly lower than that in natural steppe and O-P could not be detected in artificial grassland except for A. cristatum. Correlation analysis showed that the content of available phosphorus was significantly correlated with all forms of inorganic phosphorus, indicating that they were all the main sources of phosphorus to plants in calcareous soils with lower available phosphorus.

中图分类号:

郭彦军,倪郁,韩建国. 农牧交错带人工种草对土壤磷素有效性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2010, 19(2): 169-174.

GUO Yan-Jun, NI Yu, HAN Jian-guo. Effects of establishing perennial artificial grasslands on the availability of soilphosphorus in agro-pastoral transitional zones, Northern China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2010, 19(2): 169-174.

参考文献

[1] 田洪艳, 郭平, 周道玮. 草原开垦对草原土壤及植被的扰动生态学作用[J]. 干旱区研究, 2001, 18(3): 67-71.
[2] 樊江文, 钟华平, 员旭疆. 50年来我国草地开垦状况及其生态影响[J]. 中国草地, 2002, 24(5): 69-72.
[3] Lal R. Soil carbon dynamics in cropland and rangeland[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2002, 116: 353-362.
[4] 吴荣贵, 林葆, Tiessen H. 农牧交错带土壤磷素动态研究[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2003, 9(2): 131-138.
[5] 赵立祥. 开垦草原导致荒漠化的物理过程[J]. 中国草地, 2004, 26(2): 68-69, 75.
[6] 王宝山, 任玉英, 屈海林, 等. 湟源山坡地梯田退耕还林还草效果研究初报[J]. 草业科学, 2008, 25(10): 139-143.
[7] 韩建国, 韩永伟, 孙铁军, 等. 农牧交错带退耕还草对土壤有机质和氮的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2004, 13(4): 21-28.
[8] 郭彦军, 韩建国. 农牧交错带退耕还草对土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(5): 23-29.
[9] 郭彦军, 韩建国. 农牧交错带退耕还草对土壤化学指标的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2008, 16(4): 386-391.
[10] 贾宇, 徐炳成, 李凤民, 等. 半干旱黄土丘陵区苜蓿人工草地土壤磷素有效性及对生产力的响应[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(1): 42-47.
[11] Styles D, Coxon C. Meteorological and management influences on seasonal variation in phosphorus fractions extracted from soils in western Ireland[J]. Geoderma, 2007, 142: 152-164.
[12] 郝建朝, 吴沿友, 连宾, 等. 不同植物下湿地土壤磷状况与植物脱磷效应[J]. 地球与环境, 2006, 34(1): 44-48.
[13] 鲍士旦主编. 土壤农化分析[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2005.
[14] 全国土壤普查办公室编. 中国土壤[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 1998: 878, 909.
[15] Otani T, Ae N. The status of inorganic and organic phosphorus in some soils in relation to plant availability[J]. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 1997, 43: 419-429.
[16] 郭智芬, 涂书新, 李晓华, 等. 石灰性土壤不同形态无机磷对作物磷营养的贡献[J]. 中国农业科学, 1997, 30(1): 26-32.
[17] 张素霞, 吕家珑, 杨瑜琪, 等. 黄土高原不同植被坡地土壤无机磷形态分布研究[J]. 干旱地区农业研究, 2008, 26(1): 29-32.
[18] Ae N, Arihara J, Okada K, et al. Uptake mechanism of iron - associated phosphorus in pigeonpea growing in Indian alfisol and its significance to phosphorus availability in cropping systems[J]. Transactions of the 14th International Congress of Soil Science, 1990, 2: 164.
[19] Mohanty S, Paikaray N K, Rajan A R. Availability and uptake of phosphorus from organic manures in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)-corn (Zea mays L.) sequence using radio tracer technique[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 133: 225-230.
[20] 柏栋阴, 冯国华, 张会云, 等. 低磷胁迫下磷高效基因型小麦的筛选[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2007, 27(3): 407-410.
[21] 胡宗达, 叶充, 胡庭兴, 等. 扁穗牛鞭草对土壤理化性质的影响研究[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(3): 17-22.
[22] 赵有益, 龙瑞军, 林慧龙, 等. 草地生态系统安全及其评价研究[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(2): 143-150.