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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 28-39.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020349

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

兰州市南北两山典型灌丛土壤理化性质

刘小娥(), 苏世平(), 李毅   

  1. 甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20 修回日期:2020-09-24 出版日期:2021-05-21 发布日期:2021-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 苏世平
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: susp008@163.com
    刘小娥(1981-),女,甘肃定西人,讲师,博士。E-mail: liuxiaoe81@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学学科建设基金(GAU-XKJS-2018-103);国家自然科学基金项目(32060335);甘肃省林业科技创新与国际合作资金(GLC2019-418-8);对发展中国家常规性科技援助项目(KY202002011);中央财政林业科技推广示范资金([2020]ZTYG15)

Soil physical and chemical properties under four typical shrubs found on the Northern and Southern Mountains of Lanzhou City, Northwest China

Xiao-e LIU(), Shi-ping SU(), Yi LI   

  1. College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2020-07-20 Revised:2020-09-24 Online:2021-05-21 Published:2021-05-21
  • Contact: Shi-ping SU

摘要:

采用野外实地观测和室内测定相结合的方法,以兰州市南北两山4种典型灌丛(红花锦鸡儿、柽柳、红砂、千头柏)0~80 cm土壤层为研究对象,探讨不同灌丛土壤理化性质的变化规律,为该地区今后灌丛营造中树种选择提供理论依据。研究表明:1)红花锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤容重、持水量、孔隙度、渗透速率均好于其他灌丛类型;各灌丛的土壤pH在7.63~8.19之间;红花锦鸡儿灌丛的土壤有机质、全氮、无机氮含量均大于其他灌丛,柽柳次之;各灌丛土壤磷素和钾素变化各不相同。2)在0~80 cm土壤层,随着土壤深度的增加,土壤容重逐渐增加,土壤持水量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、渗透速率、土壤有机质、全氮、无机氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾逐渐降低;土壤pH和全钾在土壤层之间差异不显著。3)土壤理化性质相关性分析发现,土壤有机质与土壤全氮、持水量、毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度呈极显著正相关,与土壤容重呈极显著负相关;土壤容重与持水量、毛管孔隙度、总孔隙度呈极显著负相关。本研究结果表明红花锦鸡儿灌丛在改善土壤理化性质,增加土壤持水量和渗透能力等方面有更好的效果。因此该区域在今后的灌丛营造中考虑以红花锦鸡儿为主,能更好地发挥其保持水土的作用。

关键词: 土壤物理性质, 土壤化学性质, 灌丛, 兰州市南北两山

Abstract:

This research was conducted on the Northern and Southern Mountains located in Lanzhou City and evaluated soil physical and chemical properties of the 0-80 cm soil layers under four common shrub species to provide a theoretical basis for shrub species selection in the future construction of artificial shrub communities. The four shrub species studied were Caragana rosea TamarixchinensisReaumuria songarica and Platycladus orientalis cv. sieboldii based on field sampling and laboratory tests. It was found that: 1) The soil bulk density and other physical properties including soil water holding capacity, soil porosity and soil infiltration were markedly better under C. rosea than under the other three shrub species. The soil pH ranged from 7.63 to 8.19. Levels of soil organic matter, total nitrogen and mineral nitrogen under C. rosea were higher than those under the other shrubs studied. Soil phosphorus and potassium showed different patterns for the different shrub species. 2) The bulk density was increased with increase in soil depth over the 0-80 cm soil layers, while the soil water holding capacity, total porosity, capillary porosity and soil penetrability decreased with increase in soil depth. Levels of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, mineral nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium decreased with increase in soil depth in the 0-80 cm soil layers, but there were no significant differences in soil pH and total potassium with soil depth. 3) Correlation analysis of soil physical and chemical properties indicated significant positive correlations between soil organic matter and soil total nitrogen, water holding capacity, total porosity, capillary porosity, but a significant negative correlation with soil bulk density. Soil bulk density was significantly negatively correlated with soil water holding capacity, total porosity and capillary porosity. The results showed that C. rosea is more effective in improving soil physical and chemical properties, increasing soil water holding capacity and soil permeability than the other three species tested. Therefore, it is suggested that C. rosea shrubs should be the main species used in restoration planting to conserve water and soil in this area in the future.

Key words: soil physical properties, soil chemical properties, shrubs, Northern and Southern mountain in Lanzhou City