草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 183-196.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022178
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
赵俐辰1(), 王晓芳1,2, 赵心念1, 李永亮1, 王亚男2, 冯曼2, 高玉红1(), 郭建军3()
收稿日期:
2022-04-19
修回日期:
2022-07-28
出版日期:
2023-04-20
发布日期:
2023-01-29
通讯作者:
高玉红,郭建军
作者简介:
gjj730209@126.com基金资助:
Li-chen ZHAO1(), Xiao-fang WANG1,2, Xin-nian ZHAO1, Yong-liang LI1, Ya-nan WANG2, Man FENG2, Yu-hong GAO1(), Jian-jun GUO3()
Received:
2022-04-19
Revised:
2022-07-28
Online:
2023-04-20
Published:
2023-01-29
Contact:
Yu-hong GAO,Jian-jun GUO
摘要:
针对敞棚奶牛舍西晒严重的问题,本试验通过在舍西侧种植乔木遮蔽阳光以缓解生产中夏季西晒引起的奶牛热应激。选择360头健康、体况和胎次相近的泌乳奶牛[泌乳天数(185±25) d,胎次(2.5±0.5),产奶量(31.02±1.25) kg],随机分于2栋建筑结构相同的南北朝向敞棚舍中,其中一栋舍(遮阴舍)西侧山墙外种植高15 m的杨树(冠长6 m,冠幅下宽0.8 m,上宽0.3 m),另一栋舍西侧山墙外没有种树(对照舍)。试验分3个阶段进行,即热季前期(5月)、热季期(7-8月)和热季后期(10月),测定每个试验期的舍温及奶牛生理和行为指标,并测定各阶段的产奶量和乳成分以及养分表观消化率,同时测定各阶段的全血常规指标和血清生化指标。结果表明:1)树木遮阴对热季期奶牛的效果较好,对热季前期和后期影响较小。热季期遮阴显著降低了舍温,遮阴舍日均温较对照舍降低了0.99 ℃,其中09:00-20:00降低了1.13 ℃(P<0.05)。2)热季期遮阴舍奶牛呼吸频率较对照舍降低8.21%,差异显著(P<0.05),且躺卧比例较对照舍提高7.42%。3)遮阴提高了热季期奶牛的养分表观消化率,干物质采食量较对照舍提高了9.81%(P<0.05),平均日产奶量提高了4.69%(P<0.05),粗蛋白、中性和酸性洗涤纤维较对照舍均表现出不同程度的提高,分别达12.80%、9.87%和19.40%。4)热季期遮阴舍奶牛全血中白细胞数目、淋巴细胞比率及血小板压积较对照舍显著增加(P<0.05),血细胞比容和血小板数目显著降低(P<0.05),且热季期和热季后期遮阴显著增加了血清葡萄糖和总蛋白的含量(P<0.05),并降低了皮质醇含量(P<0.05)。综上,敞棚舍西侧种植树木可有效降低舍温,一定程度上缓解了高温季节奶牛的热应激,提高了奶牛的泌乳性能。该研究结果可为奶牛场的绿化遮阴提供借鉴。
赵俐辰, 王晓芳, 赵心念, 李永亮, 王亚男, 冯曼, 高玉红, 郭建军. 树木遮阴对敞棚舍奶牛生理指标、泌乳性能及血液理化指标的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(4): 183-196.
Li-chen ZHAO, Xiao-fang WANG, Xin-nian ZHAO, Yong-liang LI, Ya-nan WANG, Man FENG, Yu-hong GAO, Jian-jun GUO. Effects of tree shading on physiological indexes, lactation performance, and blood physicochemical parameters of dairy cows housed in a shed[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(4): 183-196.
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
呼吸频率Respiratory rate (times·min-1) | 46.00±2.13a | 44.00±1.13a | 67.00±3.27a | 61.50±2.55b | 51.00±2.48a | 49.00±1.68a |
直肠温度Rectal temperature (℃) | 38.43±0.08a | 38.37±0.06a | 39.03±0.13a | 38.59±0.07a | 38.75±0.10a | 38.67±0.16a |
体表温度Skin temperature (℃) | 29.25±0.15a | 29.23±0.40a | 30.53±1.01a | 30.40±1.47a | 29.88±0.88a | 29.09±0.97a |
表1 树木遮阴对奶牛生理指标的影响
Table 1 Effects of tree shade on physiological parameters of dairy cows
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
呼吸频率Respiratory rate (times·min-1) | 46.00±2.13a | 44.00±1.13a | 67.00±3.27a | 61.50±2.55b | 51.00±2.48a | 49.00±1.68a |
直肠温度Rectal temperature (℃) | 38.43±0.08a | 38.37±0.06a | 39.03±0.13a | 38.59±0.07a | 38.75±0.10a | 38.67±0.16a |
体表温度Skin temperature (℃) | 29.25±0.15a | 29.23±0.40a | 30.53±1.01a | 30.40±1.47a | 29.88±0.88a | 29.09±0.97a |
时间Time | 舍Sheds | 采食Feeding | 饮水Drinking water | 站立Standing | 躺卧Lying |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 15.35±5.35a | 7.36±3.32a | 15.28±2.78a | 61.99±5.58b |
遮阴舍Shed-shaded | 11.54±4.79a | 4.64±2.78a | 9.14±2.01b | 74.66±4.39a | |
10:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 18.78±3.76a | 7.63±1.69a | 23.61±3.45a | 49.96±4.35a |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 16.97±4.01a | 4.57±3.23a | 21.97±3.58a | 56.47±6.87a | |
14:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 9.45±1.18a | 9.17±4.45a | 18.84±2.24a | 62.52±2.34a |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 9.00±1.26a | 10.97±3.22a | 15.62±2.56a | 64.39±3.52a | |
16:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 43.24±7.42a | 6.86±4.97a | 27.10±5.92a | 22.78±4.57a |
遮阴舍Shed-shaded | 35.86±6.54a | 11.17±4.82a | 24.63±6.34a | 28.32±4.28a | |
20:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 18.09±3.24a | 7.47±2.03a | 15.16±3.81a | 59.25±5.31b |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 11.92±3.41a | 5.69±3.31a | 12.54±4.76a | 69.83±4.67a |
表2 树木遮阴对热季期奶牛行为的影响
Table 2 Effects of tree shade on behavior of dairy cows in hot season (%)
时间Time | 舍Sheds | 采食Feeding | 饮水Drinking water | 站立Standing | 躺卧Lying |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 15.35±5.35a | 7.36±3.32a | 15.28±2.78a | 61.99±5.58b |
遮阴舍Shed-shaded | 11.54±4.79a | 4.64±2.78a | 9.14±2.01b | 74.66±4.39a | |
10:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 18.78±3.76a | 7.63±1.69a | 23.61±3.45a | 49.96±4.35a |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 16.97±4.01a | 4.57±3.23a | 21.97±3.58a | 56.47±6.87a | |
14:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 9.45±1.18a | 9.17±4.45a | 18.84±2.24a | 62.52±2.34a |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 9.00±1.26a | 10.97±3.22a | 15.62±2.56a | 64.39±3.52a | |
16:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 43.24±7.42a | 6.86±4.97a | 27.10±5.92a | 22.78±4.57a |
遮阴舍Shed-shaded | 35.86±6.54a | 11.17±4.82a | 24.63±6.34a | 28.32±4.28a | |
20:00 | 对照舍 Control shed | 18.09±3.24a | 7.47±2.03a | 15.16±3.81a | 59.25±5.31b |
遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 11.92±3.41a | 5.69±3.31a | 12.54±4.76a | 69.83±4.67a |
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
干物质采食量Dry matter intake (DMI, kg) | 20.32±1.03a | 20.78±1.45a | 18.24±0.89b | 20.03±0.49a | 22.25±1.52a | 23.56±1.69a |
平均日产奶量Average daily milk yield (kg) | 31.71±1.03a | 31.80±0.61a | 28.98±1.19b | 30.34±1.16a | 31.51±1.50a | 31.76±1.02a |
校正乳Fat correction milk (FCM,kg) | 27.86±0.97a | 28.09±0.89a | 23.44±3.52b | 24.89±3.67a | 28.63±1.71a | 23.55±1.44a |
乳脂率Milk fat rate (%) | 3.19±0.05a | 3.22±0.06a | 4.15±0.14a | 3.89±0.18b | 3.41±0.10a | 3.33±0.08a |
乳蛋白率Milk protein rate (%) | 3.16±0.14a | 3.25±0.10a | 3.29±0.10a | 3.35±0.07a | 3.34±0.09a | 3.27±0.08a |
乳糖率Lactose rate (%) | 5.35±0.04a | 5.36±0.04a | 5.26±0.03a | 5.24±0.03a | 5.16±0.04a | 5.08±0.04a |
总固体物Total solids (%) | 13.36±0.18a | 13.55±0.31a | 17.43±0.24a | 17.23±0.32a | 13.46±0.21a | 13.20±0.29a |
体细胞数Somatic cell count (×104·mL-1) | 7.38±2.17a | 6.50±1.54a | 22.60±2.89a | 21.63±3.02a | 9.67±2.19a | 5.30±1.16a |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen(MUN, mg·dL-1 ) | 10.81±0.74a | 9.75±0.57a | 11.29±1.29a | 9.83±0.92b | 8.18±0.37a | 8.08±0.58a |
表3 树木遮阴对奶牛泌乳性能的影响
Table 3 Effects of tree shade on lactation performance of dairy cows
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
干物质采食量Dry matter intake (DMI, kg) | 20.32±1.03a | 20.78±1.45a | 18.24±0.89b | 20.03±0.49a | 22.25±1.52a | 23.56±1.69a |
平均日产奶量Average daily milk yield (kg) | 31.71±1.03a | 31.80±0.61a | 28.98±1.19b | 30.34±1.16a | 31.51±1.50a | 31.76±1.02a |
校正乳Fat correction milk (FCM,kg) | 27.86±0.97a | 28.09±0.89a | 23.44±3.52b | 24.89±3.67a | 28.63±1.71a | 23.55±1.44a |
乳脂率Milk fat rate (%) | 3.19±0.05a | 3.22±0.06a | 4.15±0.14a | 3.89±0.18b | 3.41±0.10a | 3.33±0.08a |
乳蛋白率Milk protein rate (%) | 3.16±0.14a | 3.25±0.10a | 3.29±0.10a | 3.35±0.07a | 3.34±0.09a | 3.27±0.08a |
乳糖率Lactose rate (%) | 5.35±0.04a | 5.36±0.04a | 5.26±0.03a | 5.24±0.03a | 5.16±0.04a | 5.08±0.04a |
总固体物Total solids (%) | 13.36±0.18a | 13.55±0.31a | 17.43±0.24a | 17.23±0.32a | 13.46±0.21a | 13.20±0.29a |
体细胞数Somatic cell count (×104·mL-1) | 7.38±2.17a | 6.50±1.54a | 22.60±2.89a | 21.63±3.02a | 9.67±2.19a | 5.30±1.16a |
尿素氮Urea nitrogen(MUN, mg·dL-1 ) | 10.81±0.74a | 9.75±0.57a | 11.29±1.29a | 9.83±0.92b | 8.18±0.37a | 8.08±0.58a |
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
干物质Dry matter | 75.65±2.35a | 75.54±1.69a | 74.68±1.35a | 76.13±1.48a | 75.13±1.81a | 78.69±2.89a |
蛋白质Crude protein | 76.46±2.35a | 77.02±2.89a | 64.94±2.06b | 70.25±2.25a | 75.29±1.35a | 77.05±1.74a |
粗脂肪Ether extract | 78.33±1.43a | 77.05±1.02a | 73.29±1.33a | 75.36±1.52a | 78.57±2.20a | 76.70±2.19a |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | 65.27±1.83a | 67.52±1.85a | 60.80±2.13b | 66.80±1.65a | 64.32±2.75a | 69.95±5.14a |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | 53.37±1.56a | 52.45±1.87a | 42.62±1.47b | 50.89±1.46a | 52.11±2.68a | 58.45±2.98a |
钙Calcium | 33.12±1.40a | 33.17±2.00a | 28.41±1.17a | 29.93±1.09a | 32.26±1.40a | 34.19±2.00a |
磷Phosphorus | 56.79±0.63a | 55.79±0.87a | 51.79±0.77a | 52.76±0.84a | 54.06±0.62a | 55.62±0.74a |
灰分Ash | 44.25±1.87a | 45.65±2.03a | 39.28±1.76a | 43.58±1.85a | 41.96±3.98a | 48.28±3.32a |
表4 树木遮阴对奶牛营养物质表观消化率的影响
Table 4 Effects of tree shade on nutrients digestibility of dairy cows (%)
项目 Item | 热季前期Early-hot season | 热季期Hot season | 热季后期Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
干物质Dry matter | 75.65±2.35a | 75.54±1.69a | 74.68±1.35a | 76.13±1.48a | 75.13±1.81a | 78.69±2.89a |
蛋白质Crude protein | 76.46±2.35a | 77.02±2.89a | 64.94±2.06b | 70.25±2.25a | 75.29±1.35a | 77.05±1.74a |
粗脂肪Ether extract | 78.33±1.43a | 77.05±1.02a | 73.29±1.33a | 75.36±1.52a | 78.57±2.20a | 76.70±2.19a |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber | 65.27±1.83a | 67.52±1.85a | 60.80±2.13b | 66.80±1.65a | 64.32±2.75a | 69.95±5.14a |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber | 53.37±1.56a | 52.45±1.87a | 42.62±1.47b | 50.89±1.46a | 52.11±2.68a | 58.45±2.98a |
钙Calcium | 33.12±1.40a | 33.17±2.00a | 28.41±1.17a | 29.93±1.09a | 32.26±1.40a | 34.19±2.00a |
磷Phosphorus | 56.79±0.63a | 55.79±0.87a | 51.79±0.77a | 52.76±0.84a | 54.06±0.62a | 55.62±0.74a |
灰分Ash | 44.25±1.87a | 45.65±2.03a | 39.28±1.76a | 43.58±1.85a | 41.96±3.98a | 48.28±3.32a |
项目 Item | 热季前期 Early-hot season | 热季期 Hot season | 热季后期 Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
WBC (×109·L-1) | 5.66±0.66a | 5.91±0.52b | 6.65±0.54b | 8.65±0.77a | 8.13±1.94a | 9.73±0.79a |
NEUT (%) | 1.92±0.32a | 1.96±0.67b | 2.45±0.22a | 2.88±0.51a | 2.40±0.12a | 2.41±0.39a |
LYMPH (%) | 51.27±4.72a | 52.21±5.61b | 47.06±4.57b | 53.21±5.00a | 52.77±8.35a | 57.00±3.29a |
MONO (%) | 12.48±0.95a | 11.24±1.63b | 8.79±1.22a | 8.16±0.98a | 8.63±0.86a | 7.48±1.19a |
EO (%) | 0.53±0.05a | 0.65±0.14b | 1.37±0.45a | 1.71±0.50a | 2.17±0.49a | 1.68±0.54a |
BASO (%) | 35.89±4.43a | 36.56±3.27b | 37.95±2.86a | 38.99±3.31a | 31.47±2.31a | 28.57±4.66a |
RBC (×1012·L-1) | 5.86±0.22a | 5.76±0.27b | 6.52±0.22a | 6.43±0.25a | 6.74±0.40a | 5.21±1.57a |
HGB (g·L-1) | 106.75±3.90a | 99.60±4.06b | 105.70±3.06a | 98.60±2.23a | 100.20±4.07a | 89.00±24.17a |
HCT (%) | 39.95±1.77a | 38.08±2.01b | 40.11±1.17A | 38.33±0.83B | 39.97±1.05a | 39.18±1.52a |
MCV (fL) | 61.12±1.34a | 66.06±0.73b | 60.30±1.84a | 62.56±2.17a | 57.03±14.86a | 58.76±3.06a |
MCH (pg) | 15.48±0.84a | 17.36±0.25b | 16.47±0.48a | 15.83±0.41a | 14.61±3.87a | 15.55±0.37a |
MCHC (g·L-1) | 254.00±13.74a | 262.60±3.20b | 263.90±1.96a | 263.00±2.14a | 228.36±63.57a | 255.80±2.94a |
RDW (%) | 40.46±1.26a | 45.78±2.32b | 43.90±2.73a | 41.50±1.52a | 37.40±9.94a | 45.42±5.76a |
RDW-CV (% ) | 20.16±0.56a | 20.86±0.89b | 21.22±0.56b | 21.74±0.39a | 18.00±5.16a | 23.50±1.83a |
PLT (×109·L-1) | 265.75±21.05a | 252.50±40.50b | 316.56±80.63a | 298.86±56.01b | 228.77±64.83a | 281.00±62.78a |
MPV (fL) | 61.12±1.34a | 66.06±0.73b | 62.56±2.17a | 60.30±1.84a | 57.03±14.86a | 58.76±3.06a |
P-LCR (% ) | 12.96±2.94a | 16.08±2.39b | 11.73±2.31a | 13.54±2.40a | 15.33±1.98a | 12.19±2.57a |
PCT (% ) | 0.32±0.08a | 0.22±0.05b | 0.18±0.04b | 0.23±0.04a | 0.13±0.03a | 0.15±0.04a |
表5 树木遮阴对奶牛各项血常规指标的影响
Table 5 Effects of tree shade on blood routine parameters of dairy cows
项目 Item | 热季前期 Early-hot season | 热季期 Hot season | 热季后期 Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
WBC (×109·L-1) | 5.66±0.66a | 5.91±0.52b | 6.65±0.54b | 8.65±0.77a | 8.13±1.94a | 9.73±0.79a |
NEUT (%) | 1.92±0.32a | 1.96±0.67b | 2.45±0.22a | 2.88±0.51a | 2.40±0.12a | 2.41±0.39a |
LYMPH (%) | 51.27±4.72a | 52.21±5.61b | 47.06±4.57b | 53.21±5.00a | 52.77±8.35a | 57.00±3.29a |
MONO (%) | 12.48±0.95a | 11.24±1.63b | 8.79±1.22a | 8.16±0.98a | 8.63±0.86a | 7.48±1.19a |
EO (%) | 0.53±0.05a | 0.65±0.14b | 1.37±0.45a | 1.71±0.50a | 2.17±0.49a | 1.68±0.54a |
BASO (%) | 35.89±4.43a | 36.56±3.27b | 37.95±2.86a | 38.99±3.31a | 31.47±2.31a | 28.57±4.66a |
RBC (×1012·L-1) | 5.86±0.22a | 5.76±0.27b | 6.52±0.22a | 6.43±0.25a | 6.74±0.40a | 5.21±1.57a |
HGB (g·L-1) | 106.75±3.90a | 99.60±4.06b | 105.70±3.06a | 98.60±2.23a | 100.20±4.07a | 89.00±24.17a |
HCT (%) | 39.95±1.77a | 38.08±2.01b | 40.11±1.17A | 38.33±0.83B | 39.97±1.05a | 39.18±1.52a |
MCV (fL) | 61.12±1.34a | 66.06±0.73b | 60.30±1.84a | 62.56±2.17a | 57.03±14.86a | 58.76±3.06a |
MCH (pg) | 15.48±0.84a | 17.36±0.25b | 16.47±0.48a | 15.83±0.41a | 14.61±3.87a | 15.55±0.37a |
MCHC (g·L-1) | 254.00±13.74a | 262.60±3.20b | 263.90±1.96a | 263.00±2.14a | 228.36±63.57a | 255.80±2.94a |
RDW (%) | 40.46±1.26a | 45.78±2.32b | 43.90±2.73a | 41.50±1.52a | 37.40±9.94a | 45.42±5.76a |
RDW-CV (% ) | 20.16±0.56a | 20.86±0.89b | 21.22±0.56b | 21.74±0.39a | 18.00±5.16a | 23.50±1.83a |
PLT (×109·L-1) | 265.75±21.05a | 252.50±40.50b | 316.56±80.63a | 298.86±56.01b | 228.77±64.83a | 281.00±62.78a |
MPV (fL) | 61.12±1.34a | 66.06±0.73b | 62.56±2.17a | 60.30±1.84a | 57.03±14.86a | 58.76±3.06a |
P-LCR (% ) | 12.96±2.94a | 16.08±2.39b | 11.73±2.31a | 13.54±2.40a | 15.33±1.98a | 12.19±2.57a |
PCT (% ) | 0.32±0.08a | 0.22±0.05b | 0.18±0.04b | 0.23±0.04a | 0.13±0.03a | 0.15±0.04a |
项目 Item | 热季前期 Early-hot season | 热季期 Hot season | 热季后期 Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
血清葡萄糖Glucose (GLU, mmol·L-1) | 3.70±0.05a | 3.69±0.09a | 2.59±0.09B | 3.16±0.13A | 2.75±0.16B | 3.47±0.08A |
总蛋白 Total protein (g·L-1) | 54.35±9.24a | 54.69±7.54a | 74.29±0.68b | 77.68±3.87a | 64.03±5.26a | 74.45±2.70a |
尿素Urea (UREA, mmol·L-1) | 6.27±0.40a | 5.63±0.39a | 4.30±0.21a | 4.20±0.10a | 4.54±0.25a | 4.27±0.22a |
皮质醇Cortisol (COR, mg·L-1) | 59.37±0.28a | 58.73±0.42a | 74.52±0.72a | 72.23±0.90b | 97.39±1.84a | 87.18±1.10b |
甲状腺素Thyroxine (T4, ng·L-1) | 23.46±0.44a | 24.74±0.69a | 27.41±0.44a | 27.60±0.42a | 30.62±0.48a | 34.53±2.31a |
三碘甲状腺原氨酸Triiodothyronine (T3, ng·L-1) | 1.05±0.03b | 1.15±0.01a | 1.26±0.09a | 1.32±0.07a | 1.23±0.02b | 1.31±0.01a |
表6 树木遮阴对奶牛血清生化指标的影响
Table 6 Effects of tree shade on serum biochemical parameters of dairy cows
项目 Item | 热季前期 Early-hot season | 热季期 Hot season | 热季后期 Late-hot season | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | 对照舍 Control shed | 遮阴舍 Shed-shaded | |
血清葡萄糖Glucose (GLU, mmol·L-1) | 3.70±0.05a | 3.69±0.09a | 2.59±0.09B | 3.16±0.13A | 2.75±0.16B | 3.47±0.08A |
总蛋白 Total protein (g·L-1) | 54.35±9.24a | 54.69±7.54a | 74.29±0.68b | 77.68±3.87a | 64.03±5.26a | 74.45±2.70a |
尿素Urea (UREA, mmol·L-1) | 6.27±0.40a | 5.63±0.39a | 4.30±0.21a | 4.20±0.10a | 4.54±0.25a | 4.27±0.22a |
皮质醇Cortisol (COR, mg·L-1) | 59.37±0.28a | 58.73±0.42a | 74.52±0.72a | 72.23±0.90b | 97.39±1.84a | 87.18±1.10b |
甲状腺素Thyroxine (T4, ng·L-1) | 23.46±0.44a | 24.74±0.69a | 27.41±0.44a | 27.60±0.42a | 30.62±0.48a | 34.53±2.31a |
三碘甲状腺原氨酸Triiodothyronine (T3, ng·L-1) | 1.05±0.03b | 1.15±0.01a | 1.26±0.09a | 1.32±0.07a | 1.23±0.02b | 1.31±0.01a |
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