草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 39-56.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023079
石贵1,2,3(), 王娅1,3, 杨国靖1,3(), 李军豪1,2,3, 周立华4, 裴孝东2,4
收稿日期:
2023-03-13
修回日期:
2023-06-12
出版日期:
2024-02-20
发布日期:
2023-12-12
通讯作者:
杨国靖
作者简介:
E-mail: yangguojing@lzb.ac.cn基金资助:
Gui SHI1,2,3(), Ya WANG1,3, Guo-jing YANG1,3(), Jun-hao LI1,2,3, Li-hua ZHOU4, Xiao-dong PEI2,4
Received:
2023-03-13
Revised:
2023-06-12
Online:
2024-02-20
Published:
2023-12-12
Contact:
Guo-jing YANG
摘要:
草食畜牧业的高质量可持续发展是中国乡村振兴战略中重要的一环,准确把握各区域畜牧发展格局,保障区域内草食畜牧业的良性发展,促进乡村产业振兴显得愈发重要。本研究基于《中国农村统计年鉴》《甘肃农村年鉴》《甘肃发展年鉴》中牛和羊养殖数据,利用竞争态模型、重心迁移模型分析了1991-2019年甘肃省在省、市、县3个尺度下牛羊养殖竞争态现状、转移模式与重心迁移模式,并从社会经济、自然资源两个角度分析了其相关因素,并讨论了甘肃省未来畜牧养殖策略。结果表明: 1)竞争态的转移具有规律性,维持“瘦狗-幼童”的低质量循环、“明星-金牛”的高质量循环,两个循环间难以实现跨越式发展,甘肃省于2006年后完成了两个循环间的跨越,并保持高质量循环至今;2)畜牧养殖的竞争态转移模式、重心迁移模式与自然资源、社会经济条件表现出较高的契合度,可以作为养殖策略选择的重要指标 ;3)甘肃省下一步应采取扩张战略,扩张省内呈明星态的养殖地、稳固金牛型养殖地,对瘦狗型养殖地与幼童型养殖地可能需考虑紧缩战略。本研究旨在为区域草食畜牧业的合理发展与战略规划提供科学依据和参考。
石贵, 王娅, 杨国靖, 李军豪, 周立华, 裴孝东. 基于竞争态模型的甘肃省草食畜牧业发展格局演化与提升路径研究[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(2): 39-56.
Gui SHI, Ya WANG, Guo-jing YANG, Jun-hao LI, Li-hua ZHOU, Xiao-dong PEI. Trends in the evolution and promotion of animal husbandry in Gansu Province as determined using a competitive state model[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(2): 39-56.
图1 甘肃省行政区划图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站(http://bzdt.ch.mnr.gov.cn/) GS (2019) 1822 号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2019) 1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 1 Administrative division map of Gansu Province
图5 甘肃省各县市牛/羊养殖业竞争态格局现状基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站 GS(2019)1822 号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 5 Current situation of competitive pattern of cattle/sheep breeding industry in Gansu Province counties and cities
图6 中国牛养殖竞争态转移模式基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站 GS(2019)1822 号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 6 Competitive transfer mode of cattle breeding in China
图7 中国羊养殖竞争态转移模式基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站 GS(2019)1822 号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 7 Competitive transfer mode of sheep breeding in China
图8 甘肃省各市/州牛养殖竞争态转移模式基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 8 Competitive transfer mode of cattle breeding in Gansu Province by city/state
图9 甘肃省各市/州羊养殖竞争态转移模式基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 9 Competitive transfer mode of sheep breeding in Gansu Province by city/state
年份 Year | 全国牛养殖重心转移模式 National cattle breeding center of gravity migration mode | 全国羊养殖重心转移模式 The migration mode of the national sheep breeding center of gravity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离 Migration distance (km) | 重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离Migration distance (km) | |
1994 | 112.82° E | 东南 Southeast | 111.01° E | 西南 Southwest | ||
31.65° N | 33.65° N | |||||
1997 | 112.92° E | 47.74 | 109.87° E | 184.20 | ||
31.23° N | 32.45° N | |||||
2000 | 112.96° E | 东北 Northeast | 17.93 | 110.52° E | 东北 Northeast | 74.38 |
31.39° N | 32.59° N | |||||
2003 | 112.78° E | 西南 Southwest | 28.36 | 110.48° E | 西北 Northwest | 47.10 |
31.20° N | 33.01° N | |||||
2006 | 112.42° E | 西北 Northwest | 42.58 | 110.47° E | 57.49 | |
31.34° N | 33.53° N | |||||
2009 | 112.08° E | 142.10 | 109.58° E | 79.13 | ||
32.58° N | 33.89° N | |||||
2012 | 111.99° E | 13.48 | 109.06° E | 30.26 | ||
32.66° N | 33.98° N | |||||
2015 | 111.70° E | 34.36 | 109.44° E | 西南 Southwest | 17.49 | |
32.77° N | 33.98° N | |||||
2018 | 110.70° E | 西南 Southwest | 118.59 | 109.11° E | 西北 Northwest | 38.06 |
32.39° N | 34.06° N | |||||
2019 | 110.65° E | 西北 Northwest | 7.73 | 109.09° E | 东北 Northeast | 4.33 |
32.44° N | 34.02° N |
表1 全国草食畜牧业重心转移模式
Table 1 Transfer mode of the center of gravity of herbivorous animal husbandry in China’s mainland
年份 Year | 全国牛养殖重心转移模式 National cattle breeding center of gravity migration mode | 全国羊养殖重心转移模式 The migration mode of the national sheep breeding center of gravity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离 Migration distance (km) | 重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离Migration distance (km) | |
1994 | 112.82° E | 东南 Southeast | 111.01° E | 西南 Southwest | ||
31.65° N | 33.65° N | |||||
1997 | 112.92° E | 47.74 | 109.87° E | 184.20 | ||
31.23° N | 32.45° N | |||||
2000 | 112.96° E | 东北 Northeast | 17.93 | 110.52° E | 东北 Northeast | 74.38 |
31.39° N | 32.59° N | |||||
2003 | 112.78° E | 西南 Southwest | 28.36 | 110.48° E | 西北 Northwest | 47.10 |
31.20° N | 33.01° N | |||||
2006 | 112.42° E | 西北 Northwest | 42.58 | 110.47° E | 57.49 | |
31.34° N | 33.53° N | |||||
2009 | 112.08° E | 142.10 | 109.58° E | 79.13 | ||
32.58° N | 33.89° N | |||||
2012 | 111.99° E | 13.48 | 109.06° E | 30.26 | ||
32.66° N | 33.98° N | |||||
2015 | 111.70° E | 34.36 | 109.44° E | 西南 Southwest | 17.49 | |
32.77° N | 33.98° N | |||||
2018 | 110.70° E | 西南 Southwest | 118.59 | 109.11° E | 西北 Northwest | 38.06 |
32.39° N | 34.06° N | |||||
2019 | 110.65° E | 西北 Northwest | 7.73 | 109.09° E | 东北 Northeast | 4.33 |
32.44° N | 34.02° N |
年份 Year | 甘肃牛养殖重心转移模式 Gansu cattle breeding center of gravity migration mode | 甘肃羊养殖重心转移模式 Gansu sheep breeding center of gravity migration mode | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离 Migration distance (km) | 重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离Migration distance (km) | |
1994 | 104.32° E | 东北 Northeast | 103.43° E | 东北 Northeast | ||
35.77° N | 36.67° N | |||||
1997 | 104.51° E | 22.40 | 103.47° E | 7.40 | ||
35.85° N | 36.73° N | |||||
2000 | 104.22° E | 西北 Northwest | 34.85 | 103.24° E | 西北 Northwest | 35.64 |
35.98° N | 36.96° N | |||||
2003 | 104.09° E | 18.22 | 102.87° E | 46.29 | ||
36.07° N | 37.14° N | |||||
2006 | 104.08° E | 1.15 | 102.65° E | 27.06 | ||
36.06° N | 37.24° N | |||||
2009 | 103.97° E | 19.14 | 102.20° E | 53.55 | ||
36.19° N | 37.43° N | |||||
2012 | 104.71° E | 东北 Northeast | 88.72 | 102.18° E | 3.99 | |
36.50° N | 37.46° N | |||||
2015 | 103.91° E | 西南 Southwest | 93.52 | 102.08° E | 西南 Southwest | 11.55 |
36.23° N | 37.43° N | |||||
2018 | 103.56° E | 西北 Northwest | 39.72 | 102.33° E | 东南 Southeast | 27.51 |
36.27° N | 37.41° N | |||||
2019 | 103.46° E | 西南 Southwest | 16.99 | 102.41° E | 16.71 | |
36.15° N | 37.28° N |
表2 甘肃省草食畜牧业重心转移模式
Table 2 Transfer mode of the center of gravity of herbivorous animal husbandry in Gansu Province
年份 Year | 甘肃牛养殖重心转移模式 Gansu cattle breeding center of gravity migration mode | 甘肃羊养殖重心转移模式 Gansu sheep breeding center of gravity migration mode | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离 Migration distance (km) | 重心经纬度坐标 Barycentric coordinates | 迁移方向 Migratory direction | 迁移距离Migration distance (km) | |
1994 | 104.32° E | 东北 Northeast | 103.43° E | 东北 Northeast | ||
35.77° N | 36.67° N | |||||
1997 | 104.51° E | 22.40 | 103.47° E | 7.40 | ||
35.85° N | 36.73° N | |||||
2000 | 104.22° E | 西北 Northwest | 34.85 | 103.24° E | 西北 Northwest | 35.64 |
35.98° N | 36.96° N | |||||
2003 | 104.09° E | 18.22 | 102.87° E | 46.29 | ||
36.07° N | 37.14° N | |||||
2006 | 104.08° E | 1.15 | 102.65° E | 27.06 | ||
36.06° N | 37.24° N | |||||
2009 | 103.97° E | 19.14 | 102.20° E | 53.55 | ||
36.19° N | 37.43° N | |||||
2012 | 104.71° E | 东北 Northeast | 88.72 | 102.18° E | 3.99 | |
36.50° N | 37.46° N | |||||
2015 | 103.91° E | 西南 Southwest | 93.52 | 102.08° E | 西南 Southwest | 11.55 |
36.23° N | 37.43° N | |||||
2018 | 103.56° E | 西北 Northwest | 39.72 | 102.33° E | 东南 Southeast | 27.51 |
36.27° N | 37.41° N | |||||
2019 | 103.46° E | 西南 Southwest | 16.99 | 102.41° E | 16.71 | |
36.15° N | 37.28° N |
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