欢迎访问《草业学报》官方网站,今天是

草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 147-157.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025199

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

斑叶芒叶斑色素组成和细胞结构解析

韩玉兰1,2(), 李奕昕1,2, 程一珊1,2, 蔡明3, 牟兰1,2()   

  1. 1.西南林业大学园林园艺学院,云南 昆明 650224
    2.云南省观赏草集成利用国际联合研发中心,云南 昆明 650224
    3.云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南 昆明 650212
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 修回日期:2025-07-04 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-02-07
  • 通讯作者: 牟兰
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: mulan1016@163.com
    韩玉兰(1996-),女,云南威信人,在读硕士。E-mail: 3197287446@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    西南林业大学科研启动基金(110224001);云南省院士专家工作站(202305AF150154);云南省兴滇英才支持计划青年人才专项(云人社通〔2022〕51号)

Analysis of leaf color pattern composition and cell structure of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’

Yu-lan HAN1,2(), Yi-xin LI1,2, Yi-shan CHENG1,2, Ming CAI3, Lan MU1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Landscape and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China
    2.Yunnan International Joint Research and Development Center for Integrated Utilization of Ornamental Grass,Kunming 650224,China
    3.Yunnan Academy of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming 650212,China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Revised:2025-07-04 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-02-07
  • Contact: Lan MU

摘要:

斑叶芒为禾本科芒属多年生草本植物,其叶片分布不规则黄色斑纹,具有独特的观赏价值,且在生态环境美化中也发挥重要作用。为解析其斑纹的形成机制,以无斑叶片(WG)、斑叶绿色部分(GS)和黄色部分(YS)作为试验材料,综合色度分析、色素含量测定及显微/超微结构观察等方法进行系统研究。结果表明:YS在色度指标上差异突出,其亮度值为59.99,黄蓝轴色度值及彩度值分别为23.08,23.34,均极显著高于WG和GS(P<0.01);而绿色饱和度则显著降低(P<0.01),侧面体现出其黄色表型特征。在色素含量方面,YS的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量分别为0.91、0.03和0.94 mg·g-1,极显著低于GS和WG(P<0.01);与之相反,类胡萝卜素含量(1.03 mg·g-1),类胡萝卜素与总叶绿素的比值(1.09)以及黄酮含量(2.48 mg·g-1)在YS中均极显著升高(P<0.01)。在解剖结构层面,与WG和GS相比,YS的叶片厚度减少了19.17%,叶肉细胞显著变薄,泡状细胞体积明显缩小,细胞排列呈现出疏松状态,同时木质化程度极显著加剧(P<0.01)。通过超微结构观察进一步发现,YS的叶绿体基粒片层结构出现解体现象,淀粉粒异常积累,质体小球数量相较于GS增加。综上,斑叶芒叶斑形成主要源于叶绿体结构损伤导致的叶绿素合成受阻,同时类胡萝卜素相对积累和黄酮化合物增加共同强化了黄色表型。

关键词: 斑叶芒, 叶色参数, 色素含量, 显微结构, 超微结构

Abstract:

Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’ is a perennial grass of the genus Miscanthus in the Poaceae family. Its leaves feature irregular yellow transverse stripes, presenting unique ornamental value and playing an important role in ecological landscaping. To analyze the formation mechanism of its patterns, we conducted a systematic study of non-spotted leaves (WG), green parts of spotted leaves (GS), and yellow parts (YS), integrating chromaticity analysis, pigment content determination, and microscopic/ultrastructural observation methods. The results showed that YS had prominent differences in chromaticity indices. Its brightness value was 59.99, and the yellow-blue axis and chroma were 23.08 and 23.34, respectively, all of which were significantly higher than those of WG and GS (P<0.01); while the green saturation was significantly reduced (P<0.01), indirectly reflecting its yellow phenotypic characteristics. In terms of pigment content, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll in YS were 0.91, 0.03 and 0.94 mg·g?1, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in GS and WG (P<0.01). In contrast, the carotenoid content (1.03 mg·g?1), the ratio of carotenoids to total chlorophyll (1.09), and the flavonoid content (2.48 mg·g?1) were all significantly increased in YS (P<0.01). At the anatomical structure level, compared with WG and GS, the leaf thickness of YS decreased by 19.17%, the mesophyll cells were significantly thinned, the volume of bulliform cells was obviously reduced, the cell arrangement showed a loose state, and the degree of lignification was significantly intensified (P<0.01). Ultrastructural observation further revealed that the chloroplast grana lamella structure in YS was disintegrated, starch granules were abnormally accumulated, and the number of plastoglobules was increased compared with GS. In conclusion, the formation of leaf spots in M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’ is mainly due to the obstruction of chlorophyll synthesis caused by chloroplast structure damage, while the relative accumulation of carotenoids and the increase of flavonoid compounds jointly enhance the yellow phenotype.

Key words: Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’, leaf color parameters, pigment content, microstructure, ultrastructural