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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 94-104.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023417

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

断尾对兰州大尾羊脂肪细胞结构和脂肪代谢相关基因表达的影响

宋淑珍1(), 朱才业2, 刘立山1, 宫旭胤1, 雒瑞瑞1   

  1. 1.甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-01 修回日期:2023-12-14 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-04-08
  • 通讯作者: 宋淑珍
  • 作者简介:宋淑珍(1980-),女,甘肃通渭人,博士。E-mail: songshuzhen@gsagr.ac.cn
    宋淑珍(1980-),女,甘肃通渭人,博士。E-mail: songshuzhen@gsagr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31960673)

The effect of tail-docking on adipocyte structure and lipid metabolism-related gene expression in Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep

Shu-zhen SONG1(), Cai-ye ZHU2, Li-shan LIU1, Xu-ying GONG1, Rui-rui LUO1   

  1. 1.Institute of Animal & Pasture Science and Green Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2023-11-01 Revised:2023-12-14 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-04-08
  • Contact: Shu-zhen SONG

摘要:

旨在观察断尾对兰州大尾羊尾部脂肪细胞数量、结构以及皮下脂肪、大网膜脂肪、尾部脂肪、肾周脂肪和背最长肌脂肪代谢相关基因表达的影响,明确断尾引起脂肪沉积重新分布后,脂肪细胞和各脂肪沉积部位脂肪代谢相关基因表达的变化,为阐明断尾对脂尾型绵羊脂肪代谢调控的分子机理提供参考。选择5日龄[(3.79±0.12) kg]单羔兰州大尾羊羔羊18只,随机分为对照组(C组)和试验组(T组),每组9只羔羊,试验组羔羊采用橡皮圈结扎法断尾。试验羊2月龄断奶后饲喂配合日粮,两组羊日粮相同。试验期240 d。试验结束后,采集样品进行分析。1)相对于背最长肌肌内脂肪和内脏脂肪,断尾对尾部脂肪、皮下脂肪基因表达影响较大,断尾组尾部脂肪SCDLEPPLIN1的mRNA表达量显著升高,LPLFASPEPCK的表达量显著降低(P<0.05);皮下脂肪中SCD显著升高,LEPADPNFABP4PLIN1显著降低(P<0.05);肾周脂肪中LPLADPNPEPCKUCP1和大网膜脂肪中的PEPCK显著降低(P<0.05);背最长肌中SCD显著升高,PEPCKPLIN1显著降低(P<0.05)。2)断尾组背最长肌的肌内脂肪含量(6.96%和6.05%)、脂滴面积比(4.28%和3.04%)显著增加(P<0.05),脂滴面积比增加了约1%,而尾部脂肪中脂滴面积比例降低了约10%(87.43%和97.58%),尾部脂肪细胞直径显著降低(P<0.05);3) 兰州大尾羊尾部脂肪细胞被融合的大脂滴填充,细胞核、细胞质等被大脂滴挤到细胞边缘,细胞边缘的细胞质薄层中含有线粒体、内质网、高尔基体、自噬小体等细胞器和小脂滴,断尾组尾部脂肪细胞质中单个脂滴体积较小,周围糖原颗粒较多。综上所述,长脂尾型绵羊兰州大尾羊早期断尾后,背最长肌的脂滴面积比增加,尾部脂肪中脂滴面积比降低,尾部脂肪细胞直径减小,各部位脂肪代谢相关基因表达也发生变化,断尾后脂肪沉积分布改变可能是在SCDPLIN1LPLFASPEPCK等一系列脂肪代谢相关基因的调控下实现的。

关键词: 兰州大尾羊, 断尾, 脂肪代谢, 基因表达, 脂肪细胞超微结构

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to observe the effect of tail docking on the number and structure of adipocytes, and gene expression related to lipid metabolism in Lanzhou fat tailed sheep. The results help in clarifying the molecular regulation mechanism leading to redistribution of fat after tail docking in fat-tailed sheep. Eighteen Lanzhou fat-tailed lambs (5 d old and weighing 3.79±0.12 kg) from eighteen ewes were randomly divided into a control (C) group and a test (T) group, with nine lambs in each group. Tails of lambs in the T group were ligated with rubber bands. The two groups were fed with same formula diet after weaning at 2 months; the trial period was 240 days. At the end of the experiment, samples were collected for analysis. It was found that: 1) With respect to the longissimus dorsi and visceral fat, tail-docking had an observable effect on gene expression related to formation of tail fat and subcutaneous fat. For T sheep, SCDLEPPLIN1 expression levels were higher, and LPLFASPEPCK expression levels were lower in the tail, SCD was higher and LEPADPNFABP4PLIN1 were lower in subcutaneous fat, LPLADPNPEPCKUCP1 were lower in kidney fat and PEPCK was lower in omental fat (P<0.05) than for C sheep. In addition, SCD expression was higher, PEPCK and PLIN1 expression levels were significantly lower in longissimus dorsi of T than of C sheep (P<0.05). 2) Intramuscular fat was significantly higher in the T than in the C group (6.96% and 6.05%, respectively). Similarly, lipid droplets in the longissimus dorsi were significantly increased in T group sheep compared to C (4.28% and 3.04%, respectively; P<0.05), while the area ratio of lipid droplets increased by about 1%, the area ratio of lipid droplets in tail fat decreased by 10% (87.58% and 97.58% for T and C groups, respectively), and the diameter of adipocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in tail fat from sheep in the T group. 3) Transmission electron microscopy observation showed that the fat cells in the tail were filled with large fat droplets, the nucleus and cytoplasm were squeezed to the edge of the cell by these large fat droplets, and the cytoplasm at the edge of the cell contained organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticula, golgi apparatus, autophagosomes and small lipid droplets in Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep. Compared to the C group, the single lipid droplets were smaller, and the glycogen granules were more numerous in the cytoplasm in fat cells in tail-docked sheep. To summarize, the results showed that tail-docking early in the life of Lanzhou fat-tail sheep increased the area ratio of fat droplets in the longissimus dorsi and decreased the area ratio of fat droplets in tail fat. Moreover, tail-docking changed the expression of genes related to fat metabolism. The distribution of fat deposits is indicated to be regulated by the genes related to fat metabolism: SCDPLIN1LPLFASPEPCK and others.

Key words: Lanzhou fat-tailed sheep, tail-docking, fat metabolism, gene expression, adipocyte ultrastructure