外源柠檬酸、苹果酸和草酸对披碱草镉耐受及富集的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017457

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用盆栽试验研究了不同浓度(1、2、4 mmol·L^-1)外源柠檬酸、苹果酸、草酸处理下,披碱草地上部和根部生物量、Cd含量的变化,披碱草根系形态参数变化以及生长状况变化,为揭示有机酸影响披碱草吸收、转运和富集Cd的机理提供理论依据。结果表明:Cd₅₀处理,披碱草株高、根长和各部分生物量均显著降低(P<0.05);3种外源有机酸处理,均可以提高披碱草Cd含量和生物量。在镉积累方面,草酸效果最佳,Cd₅₀+OA₂处理时,披碱草转运系数达1.38,地上部Cd积累量达到最大值268.511 μg·plant^-1。从改善植物生长状况方面,柠檬酸处理效果更好,Cd₅₀+CA₄处理时,根系和地上部生物量分别是Cd₅₀处理组的1.82和1.53倍。综合分析表明,外源有机酸能强化披碱草修复Cd污染土壤,提高植物修复效率。

关键词: 披碱草, 有机酸, Cd胁迫, 植物修复

Abstract: A study has been undertaken to investigate the effects on Elymus dahuricus of different concentrations (1,2,4 mmol·L^-1) of exogenous citric, malic and oxalic acids on the biomass, Cd content in above-ground plant and root, and changes in morphological parameters and plant growth. Pot culture tests were carried out under Cd stress to reveal how organic acids affect the absorption, transport and accumulation of Cd. The main results are as follows. When treated with Cd₅₀, plant height, root length and biomass significantly reduced (P<0.05). The three exogenous organic acids could increase the content of Cd and biomass in the roots and shoots of E. dahuricus. In terms of cadmium accumulation, oxalic acid had the strongest effects; under Cd₅₀+OA₂ treatment conditions, the E. dahuricus translocation coefficient was 1.38 and Cd concentration in shoots reached the maximum value of 268.511 μg·plant^-1. On the other hand, from the point of view of improving plant growth, the citric acid treatment performed best; under Cd₅₀+CA₄ treatment conditions, the root and shoot biomass were 1.82 and 1.53 times higher than that of Cd₅₀. Comprehensive analysis shows that the three exogenous organic acids can strengthen Cd-contaminated E. dahuricus. The use of these acids is likely to be an effective way to improve the phytoremediation efficiency of soils contaminated by heavy metals.

Key words: Elymus dahuricus, organic acid, Cd stress, phytoremediation

薛博晗, 李娜, 宋桂龙, 李诗刚, 濮阳雪华, 李金波. 外源柠檬酸、苹果酸和草酸对披碱草镉耐受及富集的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(6): 128-136.

XUE Bo-han, LI Na, SONG Gui-long, LI Shi-gang, PUYANG Xue-hua, LI Jin-bo. Effects of exogenous citric, malic and oxalic acids on the tolerance and enrichment efficiency of Elymus dahuricus under cadmium-stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(6): 128-136.

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