科尔沁沙地播种时期对不同紫花苜蓿品种抗寒性的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019320

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 73-80.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019320

科尔沁沙地播种时期对不同紫花苜蓿品种抗寒性的影响

张玉霞¹, 王显国^2,*, 田永雷¹, 丛百明¹, 王月林³, 陈卫东¹, 高凯¹

1.内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽 028041;
2.中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京 100193;
3.内蒙古自治区草原工作站,内蒙古呼和浩特 010017

收稿日期:2019-07-16 修回日期:2019-10-09 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-20
通讯作者: E-mail: grasschina@126.com
作者简介:张玉霞(1965-),女,内蒙古赤峰人,教授,博士。E-mail: yuxiazhang685@163.com
基金资助:
国家公益性行业(农业)公益项目(201403048-2),内蒙古自治区科技储备项目(2018MDCB03)和内蒙古自治区“双一流”建设一带一路作物学项目(NMDGJ0018)资助

Effect of sowing date on cold resistance of different alfalfa varieties in Horqin sandy land

ZHANG Yu-xia¹, WANG Xian-guo^2,*, TIAN Yong-lei¹, CONG Bai-ming¹, WANG Yue-lin³, CHEN Wei-dong¹, GAO Kai¹

1.College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028041, China;
2.College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
3.Grassland Station of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010017, China

Received:2019-07-16 Revised:2019-10-09 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-20
Contact: E-mail: grasschina@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨科尔沁沙地苜蓿根颈抗寒保护物质对播种时期的生理响应。选择3个紫花苜蓿品种(骑士T、公农1号、擎天柱),在内蒙古自治区赤峰市阿鲁科尔沁旗草业核心区,于2017年7月1日开始,每隔5 d播种一期,播种至8月15日。2017年10月11日、11月11日取样测定紫花苜蓿根颈中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸、淀粉含量,翌年春季调查越冬率,对苜蓿根颈中的抗寒保护物质含量变化及其与越冬率的相关性进行探究。结果表明,随着播种时期的推迟,苜蓿根颈的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、淀粉、游离氨基酸均呈递减趋势,苜蓿越冬率与11月11日取样测定苜蓿根颈中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸均呈极显著正相关关系;苜蓿越冬率与10月11日取样测定苜蓿根颈中的可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关关系,与可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸呈极显著正相关关系;公农1号苜蓿品种在11月11日测定的根颈的可溶性糖含量及淀粉含量显著高于骑士T和擎天柱,且与越冬率变化一致。研究认为,播种时期是影响科尔沁沙地苜蓿越冬的重要因素之一,苜蓿根颈中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸是抗寒保护物质。为确保安全越冬科尔沁沙地种植苜蓿最佳的播种时期为7月1日-7月16日,适宜该地区种植的品种为公农1号。

关键词: 苜蓿, 播种时期, 抗寒保护物质, 越冬率

Abstract: This study investigated the physiological response to sowing date in Horqin sandy land, of metabolites conferring cold-resistance in alfalfa crowns. The research was conducted in Chifeng city, in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the centre of the grass industry of the AruHorqin district. Three alfalfa varieties (Knight T, Gongnong No.1 and Optimus) were selected and sown every five days from July 1, 2017 to August 15. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, free amino acid and starch in alfalfa crowns were determined and sampling on October 11 and November 11, 2017, and the overwinter survival rate was evaluated in spring of the second year. The changes in the content of metabolites conferring cold-resistance in alfalfa crowns and their correlation with the overwinter survival rate were explored. It was found that the soluble sugar, soluble protein, starch and free amino acid levels in alfalfa crowns were decreased by later sowing time. The overwinter survival rate of alfalfa was positively correlated with soluble sugars, soluble proteins and free amino acids in alfalfa crowns sampled on November 11. The overwinter survival rate of alfalfa was positively correlated with the content of soluble sugar in alfalfa crowns sampled on October 11, and significantly positively correlated with soluble protein and free amino acid concentrations. The concentrations of soluble sugar and starch in crowns of alfalfa cultivar Gongnong No.1 was significantly higher than those of alfalfa cultivars Knight T and Optimus on November 11, and this observation is consistent with cultivar differences in overwintering survival rate. It is considered that sowing date is one of the important factors affecting the overwintering of alfalfa in Horqin sandy land. Soluble sugar, soluble protein and free amino acids in alfalfa crowns are metabolites conferring cold-resistance. In order to ensure safe overwintering of alfalfa in the Horqin sandy land, the ideal sowing period was from July 1st to July 16th, and the cultivar best suited to this area was Gongnong No.1.

Key words: alfalfa, sowing time, cold-resistant protective substances, overwintering rate

张玉霞, 王显国, 田永雷, 丛百明, 王月林, 陈卫东, 高凯. 科尔沁沙地播种时期对不同紫花苜蓿品种抗寒性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 73-80.

ZHANG Yu-xia, WANG Xian-guo, TIAN Yong-lei, CONG Bai-ming, WANG Yue-lin, CHEN Wei-dong, GAO Kai. Effect of sowing date on cold resistance of different alfalfa varieties in Horqin sandy land[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(4): 73-80.

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科尔沁沙地播种时期对不同紫花苜蓿品种抗寒性的影响

Effect of sowing date on cold resistance of different alfalfa varieties in Horqin sandy land

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