草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 197-207.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020057
黄海霞1,*(), 杨琦琦2, 崔鹏1, 陆刚1, 韩国君3
收稿日期:
2020-02-19
修回日期:
2020-05-14
出版日期:
2021-01-20
发布日期:
2021-01-08
通讯作者:
黄海霞
作者简介:
黄海霞(1974-),女,甘肃民勤人,副教授,博士。E-mail: 1057821914@qq.com
基金资助:
Hai-xia HUANG1,*(), Qi-qi YANG2, Peng CUI1, Gang LU1, Guo-jun HAN3
Received:
2020-02-19
Revised:
2020-05-14
Online:
2021-01-20
Published:
2021-01-08
Contact:
Hai-xia HUANG
摘要:
裸果木起源于地中海,为亚洲中部荒漠区分布的第三纪孑遗植物种,对研究旱生植物演化过程具有重要价值。本研究以一年生裸果木实生苗为对象,于2018年开展盆栽试验,设置4个水分处理,包括对照和轻度、中度、重度水分胁迫,土壤含水量分别控制在田间持水量的45%~50%、30%~35%、15%~20%和5%~10%,通过称重法控制水分,每个处理10个重复,测定分析根系形态和生理指标对干旱胁迫的响应规律。结果表明,水分胁迫使裸果木幼苗根长和根表面积显著减小;重度水分胁迫下根系生物量显著降低;中度和重度水分胁迫促使根冠比显著增大,细根比根长和比表面积增大,束缚水含量/自由水含量(Va/Vs)显著增大;水分胁迫导致根系活力显著下降。土壤水分含量降低时,根系脯氨酸含量先减小后显著增大,而可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量变化与之相反。在水分胁迫下,根系丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和超氧阴离子(O2-)含量均显著升高,根系细胞膜系统受到了明显伤害,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著上升,过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显降低,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著增强。总之,干旱胁迫下,裸果木幼苗形态上通过增大根冠比、细根比根长和比表面积来提高水分吸收效率;生理上通过降低代谢强度,减少水分消耗;主动积累有机溶质,降低细胞渗透势;增强SOD和CAT酶活性,减轻细胞膜伤害。
黄海霞, 杨琦琦, 崔鹏, 陆刚, 韩国君. 裸果木幼苗根系形态和生理特征对水分胁迫的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(1): 197-207.
Hai-xia HUANG, Qi-qi YANG, Peng CUI, Gang LU, Guo-jun HAN. Changes in morphological and physiological characteristics of Gymnocarposprzewalskii roots in response to water stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 197-207.
图1 水分胁迫对裸果木幼苗根系生物量和根冠比的影响CK:对照 Control;LD:轻度胁迫 Light stress;MD:中度胁迫Moderate stress;SD:重度胁迫 Severe stress。不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different treatments (P<0.05). The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of water stress on root biomass and root-shoot ratio of seedling of G. przewalskii
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