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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 144-156.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021017

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

7种禾本科牧草抗旱性研究与评价

纪童(), 蒋齐, 王占军, 季波()   

  1. 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏 银川 750002
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-14 修回日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2022-07-20 发布日期:2022-06-01
  • 通讯作者: 季波
  • 作者简介:E-mail: nxjibo311@163.com
    纪童(1995-),男,河北唐山人,在读硕士。 E-mail: 986462673@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    自治区农业科技自主创新资金农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-14-06);宁夏农林科学院科技平台建设提升项目(NKYP-19-06);宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项(DW-X-2018016)

An evaluation of drought resistance of seven Poaceous forages

Tong JI(), Qi JIANG, Zhan-jun WANG, Bo JI()   

  1. Institute of Desert Manage,Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science Academy,Yinchuan 750002,China
  • Received:2021-04-14 Revised:2022-02-28 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-06-01
  • Contact: Bo JI

摘要:

以7种多年生禾本科牧草(蒙古冰草-宁夏、蒙古冰草-内蒙古、沙生冰草、扁穗冰草、细茎冰草、格兰马草、老芒麦)为研究对象,系统分析了农艺性状(绿叶数和株高)收益与土壤水分收益的权衡关系,将权衡值(RMSD)与土壤含水量作为分位数模型变量,确定维持植物正常生长的土壤含水量的响应阈值,同时研究干旱胁迫下生理指标综合评价值,进行抗旱性评价。结果表明:1)干旱胁迫程度越高,牧草的绿叶数和株高受到的负面影响就越大;2)不同牧草对干旱胁迫的耐受程度和范围有差异,其中,细茎冰草和格兰马草的绿叶数-土壤含水量阈值分别为9.1%和9.7%,细茎冰草、格兰马草和蒙古冰草-宁夏的株高-土壤含水量阈值分别为4.6%、5.6%和13.0%,其余牧草分位数模型均未通过显著性检验;3)通过7项生理指标评价分析,7种多年生禾本科牧草抗旱性强弱表现为:蒙古冰草-宁夏>格兰马草>细茎冰草>蒙古冰草-内蒙古>沙生冰草>扁穗冰草>老芒麦;4) 综合土壤含水量阈值与抗旱生理评价,细茎冰草与格兰马草可作为中度干旱区的引选牧草。

关键词: 抗旱牧草, 土壤含水量, 响应阈值, 生理指标

Abstract:

Soil moisture deficit is a key factor restricting agricultural production and establishment of grassland vegetation in Ningxia, China. The identification of drought-resistant pasture species is of great significance to the region’s agricultural and pastoral production and ecological restoration of grassland vegetation. This research evaluated the growth performance and feed quality of seven Poaceous forages to determine drought resistance in arid areas. The grass species and lines evaluated were: Agropyron mongolicum-Ningxia, Agropyron mongolicum-Inner Mongolia, Agropyron desertorumAgropyron cristatumAgropyron trachycaulumBouteloua gracilis and Elymus sibiricus. The trade-off between seven agronomic traits (including green leaf number and plant height) and soil water content was quantitatively analyzed, using the root mean square deviation and soil water content as model variables. In this way, the soil water content needed to maintain normal plant growth was determined by quantile regression. A multivariate score derived from physiological indexes of plants under drought stress was used to evaluate the drought resistance of the tested forages. It was found that: 1) The higher the degree of drought stress, the greater the negative impact on the chlorophyll and plant height of forage; 2) The degree of tolerance to drought stress and the response range differed for different grass forages. In particular, the soil water content thresholds for adequate green leaf number in A. trachycaulum and B.gracilis were 9.1% and 9.7%, respectively. The soil water contents for which maintaining normal plant height growth attained the threshold for A. trachycaulumB. gracilis and A. mongolicum-Ningxia were, respectively, 4.6%, 5.6% and 13.0%. The quantile regression models of other forages failed to pass the significance test. 3) Through evaluation and analysis of the seven physiological indexes, the drought resistance of the seven tested perennial grasses was ranked as follows: A. mongolicum-Ningxia>B. gracilis>A. trachycaulum>A. mongolicum-Inner Mongolia>A. desertorum>A. cristatum>E. sibiricus. Based on their multivariate score for drought resistance traits and tolerance threshold to soil moisture deficit, A. trachycaulum and B. gracilis were selected as recommended forages in moderately arid areas.

Key words: drought-resistant pasture, soil water content, response threshold, physiological index