草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 50-67.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022420
苏金娟1(), 刘永萍2, 刘丽燕2, 吴天忠2, 王梅1()
收稿日期:
2022-10-27
修回日期:
2023-01-04
出版日期:
2023-09-20
发布日期:
2023-07-12
通讯作者:
王梅
作者简介:
E-mail: chgmxj@163.com基金资助:
Jin-juan SU1(), Yong-ping LIU2, Li-yan LIU2, Tian-zhong WU2, Mei WANG1()
Received:
2022-10-27
Revised:
2023-01-04
Online:
2023-09-20
Published:
2023-07-12
Contact:
Mei WANG
摘要:
探究新疆阿勒泰地区植物群落类型及分布情况,确定影响当地群落分布的主要环境因子,可为阿勒泰地区植物群落保护和生态修复提供理论依据。基于阿勒泰地区的野外调查数据,以物种重要值为指标,采用双向指示种分析(TWINSPAN)和典范对应分析(CCA)方法进行数量分类与排序,研究阿勒泰地区植物群落组成和影响群落分类的主导因子。结果表明:1)163个样方共记录维管束植物322种,隶属于51科207属,其中以双子叶植物占主导地位,菊科、禾本科、藜科、蔷薇科是研究区的优势科;2)TWINSPAN分类将阿勒泰地区植物分为了17个群丛,以草本植物为优势种命名的群落占多数,植被类型以荒漠草原和草甸草原类型为主,还有落叶阔叶林和常绿针叶林;3)CCA排序显示,影响当地植物群落分布的主要环境因子是海拔,其次是气候和土壤因子。
苏金娟, 刘永萍, 刘丽燕, 吴天忠, 王梅. 新疆阿勒泰地区典型植物群落数量分类与排序分析[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(9): 50-67.
Jin-juan SU, Yong-ping LIU, Li-yan LIU, Tian-zhong WU, Mei WANG. Quantitative classification and ordination analysis of typical plant communities in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(9): 50-67.
行政区 Administrative region | 样地个数 Number of sample plots | 样地编号 Sample plot number | 样地海拔 Elevation of sample plot |
---|---|---|---|
阿勒泰市Altay City | 17 | 88~99、149~153 | 439~1220 |
布尔津县Burqin County | 36 | 6~9、40~47、100~113、126~128、154~158、160~161 | 433~2067 |
福海县Fuhai County | 39 | 5、25~39、73~87、138、142~148 | 431~2399 |
富蕴县Fuyun County | 36 | 3~4、11~24、60~72、134~137、139~141 | 715~2064 |
哈巴河县Habahe County | 11 | 10、114~120、159、162、163 | 422~709 |
吉木乃县Jimunai County | 5 | 121~125 | 678~711 |
青河县Qinghe County | 19 | 1~2、48~59、129~133 | 959~1407 |
表1 新疆阿勒泰地区各县市样地分布情况
Table 1 Distribution of sample plots in various counties and cities in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang
行政区 Administrative region | 样地个数 Number of sample plots | 样地编号 Sample plot number | 样地海拔 Elevation of sample plot |
---|---|---|---|
阿勒泰市Altay City | 17 | 88~99、149~153 | 439~1220 |
布尔津县Burqin County | 36 | 6~9、40~47、100~113、126~128、154~158、160~161 | 433~2067 |
福海县Fuhai County | 39 | 5、25~39、73~87、138、142~148 | 431~2399 |
富蕴县Fuyun County | 36 | 3~4、11~24、60~72、134~137、139~141 | 715~2064 |
哈巴河县Habahe County | 11 | 10、114~120、159、162、163 | 422~709 |
吉木乃县Jimunai County | 5 | 121~125 | 678~711 |
青河县Qinghe County | 19 | 1~2、48~59、129~133 | 959~1407 |
植物门类 Plant phylum | 科数 No. of families | 占新疆种子植物总科比例 Accounts for the total families of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总科 比例 Proportion of total families (%) | 属数 No. of genus | 占新疆种子植物总属比例 Accounts for the total genus of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总属 比例 Proportion of total genus (%) | 种数 No. of species | 占新疆种子植物总种比例 Accounts for the total species of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总种 比例 Proportion of total species (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
蕨类植物Fern | 1 | - | 1.96 | 1 | - | 0.48 | 2 | - | 0.62 |
裸子植物Gymnosperms | 3 | 2.65 | 5.88 | 6 | 0.78 | 2.90 | 9 | 0.24 | 2.80 |
被子植物Angiosperm | |||||||||
双子叶植物Dicotyledons | 42 | 41.59 | 82.35 | 167 | 26.07 | 80.68 | 265 | 8.37 | 82.30 |
单子叶植物Monocotyledon | 5 | 9.81 | 33 | 15.94 | 46 | 14.28 | |||
总计Total | 51 | 44.24 | 100.00 | 207 | 26.85 | 100.00 | 322 | 8.61 | 100.00 |
表2 新疆阿勒泰地区野外调查维管束植物统计
Table 2 Statistics of vascular plants in field investigation in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang
植物门类 Plant phylum | 科数 No. of families | 占新疆种子植物总科比例 Accounts for the total families of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总科 比例 Proportion of total families (%) | 属数 No. of genus | 占新疆种子植物总属比例 Accounts for the total genus of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总属 比例 Proportion of total genus (%) | 种数 No. of species | 占新疆种子植物总种比例 Accounts for the total species of seed plants in Xinjiang (%) | 占总种 比例 Proportion of total species (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
蕨类植物Fern | 1 | - | 1.96 | 1 | - | 0.48 | 2 | - | 0.62 |
裸子植物Gymnosperms | 3 | 2.65 | 5.88 | 6 | 0.78 | 2.90 | 9 | 0.24 | 2.80 |
被子植物Angiosperm | |||||||||
双子叶植物Dicotyledons | 42 | 41.59 | 82.35 | 167 | 26.07 | 80.68 | 265 | 8.37 | 82.30 |
单子叶植物Monocotyledon | 5 | 9.81 | 33 | 15.94 | 46 | 14.28 | |||
总计Total | 51 | 44.24 | 100.00 | 207 | 26.85 | 100.00 | 322 | 8.61 | 100.00 |
图1 新疆阿勒泰地区163个样方TWINSPAN分类树状分布Dk: 第k次分类Division number; N: 样方数Total number sample; 1~163: 样方编号Sample number; Ⅰ~ⅩⅦ: 群落编号Community number.
Fig.1 TWINSPAN classification tree diagram of 163 sample plots in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 分布区域 Distribution area | 海拔范围(均值) Altitude range (mean value) |
---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County | 992~1251(1101.83) |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 富蕴县Fuyun County | 1784~1911(1847.50) |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 布尔津县Burqin County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County | 897~1197(1004.25) |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 青河县Qinghe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 1402~2399(1848.97) |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 1193~2094(1550.43) |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 布尔津县Burqin County, 青河县Qinghe County | 452~1109(705.83) |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 布尔津县Burqin County, 福海县Fuhai County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 阿勒泰市Altay City | 480~1217(712.30) |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 福海县Fuhai County | 439~447(441.20) |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 458~1407(923.19) |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 福海县Fuhai County | 772~1110(925.48) |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A.squarrosum | 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 青河县Qinghe County | 422~1265(597.70) |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County, 吉木乃县Jimunai County | 480~1227(806.13) |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 青河县Qinghe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County 福海县Fuhai County, 阿勒泰市Altay City, 布尔津县Burqin County, 吉木乃县Jimunai County | 422~2399(779.76) |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County | 422~1265(598.00) |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛Dodartia orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 布尔津县Burqin County | 481 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 福海县Fuhai County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County | 431~1274(896.28) |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L.racemosus | 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County | 449~484(466.50) |
表3 TWINSPAN分类群丛包括样点及分布区域
Table 3 TWINSPAN taxonomic associations include sample points and distribution areas
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 分布区域 Distribution area | 海拔范围(均值) Altitude range (mean value) |
---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County | 992~1251(1101.83) |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 富蕴县Fuyun County | 1784~1911(1847.50) |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 布尔津县Burqin County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County | 897~1197(1004.25) |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 青河县Qinghe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 1402~2399(1848.97) |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 1193~2094(1550.43) |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 布尔津县Burqin County, 青河县Qinghe County | 452~1109(705.83) |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 布尔津县Burqin County, 福海县Fuhai County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 阿勒泰市Altay City | 480~1217(712.30) |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 福海县Fuhai County | 439~447(441.20) |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 布尔津县Burqin County | 458~1407(923.19) |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 福海县Fuhai County | 772~1110(925.48) |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A.squarrosum | 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 青河县Qinghe County | 422~1265(597.70) |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County, 福海县Fuhai County, 布尔津县Burqin County, 吉木乃县Jimunai County | 480~1227(806.13) |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 青河县Qinghe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County 福海县Fuhai County, 阿勒泰市Altay City, 布尔津县Burqin County, 吉木乃县Jimunai County | 422~2399(779.76) |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 阿勒泰市Altay City, 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County | 422~1265(598.00) |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛Dodartia orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 布尔津县Burqin County | 481 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 福海县Fuhai County, 富蕴县Fuyun County, 青河县Qinghe County | 431~1274(896.28) |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L.racemosus | 布尔津县Burqin County, 哈巴河县Habahe County | 449~484(466.50) |
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 土壤全氮 Total N (g·kg-1) | 土壤全磷 Total P (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total K (g·kg-1) | 水解性氮 Hydrolytic N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 10.54~57.56(30.04) | 0.671~2.643(1.540) | 0.61~1.72(1.03) | 15.56~25.69(21.38) | 45.80~173.92(97.25) | 4.87~22.58(16.41) | 202.00~262.50(240.66) |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 20.36~28.10(24.23) | 1.388~1.667(1.530) | 0.62~1.06(0.84) | 25.98~32.54(29.26) | 56.75~90.70(73.73) | 4.31~038.08(21.20) | 223.07~403.70(313.39) |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 12.15~277.75(84.66) | 0.422~14.475(4.460) | 0.46~1.63(1.02) | 16.44~25.22(22.50) | 40.40~785.80(249.36) | 12.54~40.02(29.69) | 139.83~1106.33(474.82) |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 7.96~145.38(79.97) | 0.466~7.458(3.900) | 0.46~2.48(1.36) | 16.86~29.63(22.34) | 35.23~730.28(313.88) | 3.42~91.65(20.40) | 90.9~846.33(313.84) |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 34.27~155.78(85.02) | 0.960~6.720(3.380) | 0.69~1.43(0.97) | 13.84~29.75(21.81) | 94.70~1010.42(295.82) | 9.12~40.88(24.55) | 139.03~417.23(218.18) |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 10.56~30.47(19.81) | 0.460~1.700(0.930) | 0.53~1.06(0.79) | 16.25~22.39(18.61) | 33.49~112.20(72.20) | 2.94~29.85(9.92) | 186.60~862.33(453.01) |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 1.82~ 57.41(15.61) | 0.183~3.669(0.920) | 0.34~1.73(0.99) | 15.06~27.89(19.99) | 12.33~229.96(75.54) | 1.72~25.48(9.18) | 50.30~361.33(134.91) |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 8.01~ 37.77(20.91) | 0.389~2.123(1.150) | 0.41~1.01(0.85) | 14.86~27.09(21.68) | 33.32~101.61(70.92) | 9.40~15.61(12.08) | 154.80~346.87(212.33) |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 7.18~ 50.18(22.47) | 0.493~2.990(1.350) | 0.52~1.16(0.86) | 12.62~28.07(20.50) | 30.50~184.78(92.09) | 6.76~47.56(24.52) | 57.37~1801.33(503.87) |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 3.77~ 31.66(16.36) | 0.235~1.674(0.930) | 0.69~1.29(0.99) | 19.08~29.17(24.36) | 27.52~123.73(65.90) | 15.52~42.14(23.58) | 57.70~959.33(371.41) |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A. squarrosum | 1.35~ 4.69 (2.68) | 0.073~0.219(0.130) | 0.38~0.87(0.50) | 13.77~18.24(16.22) | 11.64~25.22(17.96) | 4.47~14.51(9.54) | 110.10~197.50(165.64) |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 3.03~ 55.18(13.12) | 0.183~3.089(0.770) | 0.34~1.50(0.83) | 17.62~25.84(21.05) | 14.63~237.44(62.86) | 4.77~44.93(16.20) | 92.97~1217.00(308.19) |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 0.81~ 13.92 (6.67) | 0.038~0.920(0.450) | 0.36~2.23(0.92) | 15.85~29.93(21.05) | 5.66~ 57.35(29.47) | 2.19~25.49(11.29) | 48.83~589.67(232.46) |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 1.46~ 36.70(15.01) | 0.109~1.790(0.880) | 0.32~3.01(0.94) | 15.74~36.61(24.73) | 11.59~117.66(51.67) | 3.87~21.49(10.14) | 76.63~736.66(269.57) |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛D.orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 2.61 | 0.170 | 0.57 | 16.54 | 15.13 | 3.73 | 137.40 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 1.52~ 3.69 (2.86) | 0.100~0.361(0.210) | 0.41~0.99(0.67) | 19.82~27.24(22.55) | 7.54~ 42.92(25.06) | 4.93~34.12(11.71) | 64.60~270.10(180.89) |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L. racemosus | 0.76~ 1.32 (1.04) | 0.049~0.058(0.050) | 0.32~0.59(0.46) | 16.44~16.55(16.45) | 8.05~ 14.02(11.04) | 4.15~ 4.72 (4.44) | 72.43~183.60(128.02) |
表4 新疆阿勒泰地区植物群丛土壤变量范围及平均值
Table 4 Range and average value of environmental variables of plant association in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg-1) | 土壤全氮 Total N (g·kg-1) | 土壤全磷 Total P (g·kg-1) | 全钾 Total K (g·kg-1) | 水解性氮 Hydrolytic N (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available P (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available K (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 10.54~57.56(30.04) | 0.671~2.643(1.540) | 0.61~1.72(1.03) | 15.56~25.69(21.38) | 45.80~173.92(97.25) | 4.87~22.58(16.41) | 202.00~262.50(240.66) |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 20.36~28.10(24.23) | 1.388~1.667(1.530) | 0.62~1.06(0.84) | 25.98~32.54(29.26) | 56.75~90.70(73.73) | 4.31~038.08(21.20) | 223.07~403.70(313.39) |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 12.15~277.75(84.66) | 0.422~14.475(4.460) | 0.46~1.63(1.02) | 16.44~25.22(22.50) | 40.40~785.80(249.36) | 12.54~40.02(29.69) | 139.83~1106.33(474.82) |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 7.96~145.38(79.97) | 0.466~7.458(3.900) | 0.46~2.48(1.36) | 16.86~29.63(22.34) | 35.23~730.28(313.88) | 3.42~91.65(20.40) | 90.9~846.33(313.84) |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 34.27~155.78(85.02) | 0.960~6.720(3.380) | 0.69~1.43(0.97) | 13.84~29.75(21.81) | 94.70~1010.42(295.82) | 9.12~40.88(24.55) | 139.03~417.23(218.18) |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 10.56~30.47(19.81) | 0.460~1.700(0.930) | 0.53~1.06(0.79) | 16.25~22.39(18.61) | 33.49~112.20(72.20) | 2.94~29.85(9.92) | 186.60~862.33(453.01) |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 1.82~ 57.41(15.61) | 0.183~3.669(0.920) | 0.34~1.73(0.99) | 15.06~27.89(19.99) | 12.33~229.96(75.54) | 1.72~25.48(9.18) | 50.30~361.33(134.91) |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 8.01~ 37.77(20.91) | 0.389~2.123(1.150) | 0.41~1.01(0.85) | 14.86~27.09(21.68) | 33.32~101.61(70.92) | 9.40~15.61(12.08) | 154.80~346.87(212.33) |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 7.18~ 50.18(22.47) | 0.493~2.990(1.350) | 0.52~1.16(0.86) | 12.62~28.07(20.50) | 30.50~184.78(92.09) | 6.76~47.56(24.52) | 57.37~1801.33(503.87) |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 3.77~ 31.66(16.36) | 0.235~1.674(0.930) | 0.69~1.29(0.99) | 19.08~29.17(24.36) | 27.52~123.73(65.90) | 15.52~42.14(23.58) | 57.70~959.33(371.41) |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A. squarrosum | 1.35~ 4.69 (2.68) | 0.073~0.219(0.130) | 0.38~0.87(0.50) | 13.77~18.24(16.22) | 11.64~25.22(17.96) | 4.47~14.51(9.54) | 110.10~197.50(165.64) |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 3.03~ 55.18(13.12) | 0.183~3.089(0.770) | 0.34~1.50(0.83) | 17.62~25.84(21.05) | 14.63~237.44(62.86) | 4.77~44.93(16.20) | 92.97~1217.00(308.19) |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 0.81~ 13.92 (6.67) | 0.038~0.920(0.450) | 0.36~2.23(0.92) | 15.85~29.93(21.05) | 5.66~ 57.35(29.47) | 2.19~25.49(11.29) | 48.83~589.67(232.46) |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 1.46~ 36.70(15.01) | 0.109~1.790(0.880) | 0.32~3.01(0.94) | 15.74~36.61(24.73) | 11.59~117.66(51.67) | 3.87~21.49(10.14) | 76.63~736.66(269.57) |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛D.orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 2.61 | 0.170 | 0.57 | 16.54 | 15.13 | 3.73 | 137.40 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 1.52~ 3.69 (2.86) | 0.100~0.361(0.210) | 0.41~0.99(0.67) | 19.82~27.24(22.55) | 7.54~ 42.92(25.06) | 4.93~34.12(11.71) | 64.60~270.10(180.89) |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L. racemosus | 0.76~ 1.32 (1.04) | 0.049~0.058(0.050) | 0.32~0.59(0.46) | 16.44~16.55(16.45) | 8.05~ 14.02(11.04) | 4.15~ 4.72 (4.44) | 72.43~183.60(128.02) |
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 优势种Dominant species | 次优势种Sub-dominant species | 伴生种Associated species | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
植物名称Plant name | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 植物名称 Plant name | 盖度Coverage (%) | 植物名称 Plant name | 盖度Coverage (%) | ||
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 针茅S. capillata | 17.0 | 金丝桃叶绣线菊、新疆方枝柏S. hypericifolia, J. pseudosabina | 14.0 | 顶羽菊、戈壁针茅、新塔花、伊犁绢蒿、早熟禾等R. repens, S. tianschanica var. gobica, Z. bungeana, S. transiliense, P. annua, etc. | 16.0 |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 白茎绢蒿S. terrae-albae | 20.0 | 新塔花、早熟禾Z. bungeana, P. annua | 22.0 | 鹤虱、刺儿菜、小叶忍冬、阿尔泰狗娃花、狗尾草等L. myosotis, C. arvense var. integrifolium, L. microphylla, A. altaicus, S. viridis, etc. | 23.0 |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 新疆薹草C. turkestanica | 26.5 | 绣线菊、疏花蔷薇S. salicifolia, R. laxa | 11.0 | 早熟禾、萹蓄、灰绿藜、旱雀麦、庭荠、点地梅、西伯利亚小檗等P.annua, P. aviculare, C.glaucum, B. tectorum, A. desertorum, A. umbellate, B. sibirica, etc. | 5.0 |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 蓍A. millefolium | 35.0 | 阿尔泰蒲公英、萹蓄、新疆薹草T. altaicum, P. aviculare, C. turkestanica | 27.0 | 白车轴草、针茅、新疆野豌豆、问荆、小画眉草、卷耳、绿花琉璃草、勿忘草、丘陵老鹳草等T. repens, S. capillata, V. costata, E. arvense, E. minor, C. arvense, C. viridiflorum, M. alpestris,G. collinum, etc. | 20.0 |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 新疆云杉P. obovata | 24.0 | 白喉乌头、早熟禾A. leucostomum, P. annua | 34.0 | 羽衣草、野草莓、唐松草、野火球、独丽花、蓍、北方拉拉藤、新疆野豌豆等A. japonica, F. vesca, T. aquilegifolium var. sibiricum, T. lupinaster, M. uniflora, A. millefolium, G. boreale, V. costata, etc. | 34.0 |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 沙枣E. angustifolia | 27.3 | 甘草、灰绿藜G. uralensis, C. glaucum | 31.7 | 苦豆子、拂子茅、野苜蓿、地肤、芦苇、田旋花、委陵菜等S. alopecuroides, C. epigeios, M. falcata, B.scoparia, P. australis, C. arvensis, P. chinensis, etc. | 30.0 |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 苦杨P. laurifolia | 47.1 | 苜蓿、白车轴草M. sativa, T. repens | 22.7 | 吐兰柳、早熟禾、拂子茅、油柴柳、丘陵老鹳草、平车前、新疆野豌豆、灰绿藜、问荆、苦马豆、雀麦等S. turanica, P. annua, C. epigeios, S. capsica, G. collinum, P. depressa, V. costata, C. glaucum, E. arvense, S. salsula, B. japonicus, etc. | 20.0 |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 额河杨P.×berolinensis var.jrtyschensis | 50.0 | 灰绿藜、糙隐子草、稗C. glaucum, C. squarrosa, E. crus-galli | 17.3 | 新疆千里光、鹅观草、苍耳、北艾等S. jacobaea, E. kamoji, X. strumarium, A. vulgaris, etc. | 15.0 |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 苦杨P. laurifolia | 33.0 | 灰绿藜、地肤C. glaucum, B. scoparia | 12.6 | 针叶蓼、猪毛菜、苜蓿、萹蓄、伊犁绢蒿、绳虫实、顶羽菊、宽穗赖草等P. polycnemoides, K. collinum, M. sativa, P. aviculare, S. transiliense, C. declinatum, R. repens, L. ovatus, etc. | 17.0 |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 狗尾草S. viridis | 22.0 | 尖头叶藜、大籽蒿C. acuminatum, A. sieversiana | 23.0 | 灰绿藜、齿稃草、猪毛菜、苜蓿、香藜、蓝刺头、偃麦草、白屈菜等C. glaucum, S. arabicus, K. collinum, M. sativa, D. botrys, E. sphaerocephalus, E. repens, C. majus, etc. | 13.0 |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A. squarrosum | 绳虫实C. declinatum | 15.0 | 蒺藜、沙蓬T. terrestris, A. squarrosum | 13.5 | 灰绿藜、萹蓄、早熟禾、角果藜、猪毛菜、大籽蒿、狼紫草、盐地碱蓬等C. glaucum, P. aviculare, P. annua, C. arenarius, K. collinum, A. sieversiana, A. ovata, S. salsa, etc. | 23.0 |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 针茅S. capillata | 20.0 | 萹蓄、地肤P. aviculare, B. scoparia | 17.0 | 驼绒藜、白茎绢蒿、灰绿藜、苜蓿、鹤虱、新疆大蒜芥、小蓬草、南牡蒿等K. ceratoides, S. terrae-albae, C. glaucum, M. sativa, L. myosotis, S. loeselii, E. canadensis, A. eriopoda, etc. | 20.0 |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 木蓼、猪毛菜A. frutescens, K. collinum | 12.0 | 驼绒藜、角果藜K. ceratoides, C. arenarius | 13.0 | 白茎绢蒿、新疆薹草、沙蓬、铃铛刺、针茅、地肤、苦豆子、紫萼石头花等S. terrae-albae, C. turkestanica, A. squarrosum, C. halodendron, S. capillata, B. scoparia, S. alopecuroides, G. patrinii, etc. | 11.0 |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 白茎绢蒿S. terrae-albae | 18.0 | 角果藜、萹蓄、新疆薹草C. arenarius, P. aviculare, C. turkestanica | 15.0 | 新塔花、小蓬草、野苜蓿、蝎尾菊、灰绿藜、鞑靼滨藜、北疆粉苞菊、团扇荠等Z. bungeana, E. canadensis, M. falcata, K. linearis, C. glaucum, A. tatarica, C. leiosperma, B. incana, etc. | 12.0 |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛D.orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 野胡麻D. orientalis | 5.0 | 白茎绢蒿、对节刺S. terrae-albae, H. ulicina | 7.0 | 拂子茅、鹤虱、白滨藜、绳虫实、杂配藜、盐地碱蓬、盐爪爪C. epigeios, L. myosotis, A. cana, C. declinatum, C. hybridum, S. salsa, K. foliatum | 13.0 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 梭梭H. ammodendron | 8.0 | 红砂、木蓼R. songarica, A. frutescens | 5.0 | 新疆薹草、鹤虱、双穗麻黄、小甘菊、纤细绢蒿、旱麦草、角果藜、四齿芥等C. turkestanica, L. myosotis, E. distachya, C. discoidea, S. gracilescens, E. triticeum, C. arenarius, T. quadricornis, etc. | 8.0 |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L.racemosus | 红果沙拐枣C. rubicundum | 10.0 | 梭梭、大赖草、内蒙古旱蒿H. ammodendron, L. racemosus, A. xerophytica | 9.0 | 纤细绢蒿、盐地碱蓬、杂配藜、画眉草、刺沙蓬、伏尔加蝇子草等S. gracilescens, S. salsa, C. hybridum, E. Pilosa, K. tragus, S. wolgensis, etc. | 6.0 |
表5 各群丛物种组成及盖度分布
Table 5 Species composition and coverage distribution of each association
群丛类型 Association type | 群丛名称 Association name | 优势种Dominant species | 次优势种Sub-dominant species | 伴生种Associated species | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
植物名称Plant name | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 植物名称 Plant name | 盖度Coverage (%) | 植物名称 Plant name | 盖度Coverage (%) | ||
Ⅰ | 针茅-金丝桃叶绣线菊-新疆方枝柏群丛S. capillata-S. hypericifolia-J. pseudosabina | 针茅S. capillata | 17.0 | 金丝桃叶绣线菊、新疆方枝柏S. hypericifolia, J. pseudosabina | 14.0 | 顶羽菊、戈壁针茅、新塔花、伊犁绢蒿、早熟禾等R. repens, S. tianschanica var. gobica, Z. bungeana, S. transiliense, P. annua, etc. | 16.0 |
Ⅱ | 白茎绢蒿+新塔花+早熟禾群丛S. terrae-albae+Z. bungeana+P. annua | 白茎绢蒿S. terrae-albae | 20.0 | 新塔花、早熟禾Z. bungeana, P. annua | 22.0 | 鹤虱、刺儿菜、小叶忍冬、阿尔泰狗娃花、狗尾草等L. myosotis, C. arvense var. integrifolium, L. microphylla, A. altaicus, S. viridis, etc. | 23.0 |
Ⅲ | 新疆薹草-绣线菊群丛C. turkestanica-S. salicifolia | 新疆薹草C. turkestanica | 26.5 | 绣线菊、疏花蔷薇S. salicifolia, R. laxa | 11.0 | 早熟禾、萹蓄、灰绿藜、旱雀麦、庭荠、点地梅、西伯利亚小檗等P.annua, P. aviculare, C.glaucum, B. tectorum, A. desertorum, A. umbellate, B. sibirica, etc. | 5.0 |
Ⅳ | 蓍+阿尔泰蒲公英+萹蓄群丛A. millefolium+T. altaicum+P. aviculare | 蓍A. millefolium | 35.0 | 阿尔泰蒲公英、萹蓄、新疆薹草T. altaicum, P. aviculare, C. turkestanica | 27.0 | 白车轴草、针茅、新疆野豌豆、问荆、小画眉草、卷耳、绿花琉璃草、勿忘草、丘陵老鹳草等T. repens, S. capillata, V. costata, E. arvense, E. minor, C. arvense, C. viridiflorum, M. alpestris,G. collinum, etc. | 20.0 |
Ⅴ | 新疆云杉-白喉乌头-早熟禾群丛P. obovata-A. leucostomum-P. annua | 新疆云杉P. obovata | 24.0 | 白喉乌头、早熟禾A. leucostomum, P. annua | 34.0 | 羽衣草、野草莓、唐松草、野火球、独丽花、蓍、北方拉拉藤、新疆野豌豆等A. japonica, F. vesca, T. aquilegifolium var. sibiricum, T. lupinaster, M. uniflora, A. millefolium, G. boreale, V. costata, etc. | 34.0 |
Ⅵ | 沙枣-甘草-灰绿藜群丛E. angustifolia-G. uralensis-C. glaucum | 沙枣E. angustifolia | 27.3 | 甘草、灰绿藜G. uralensis, C. glaucum | 31.7 | 苦豆子、拂子茅、野苜蓿、地肤、芦苇、田旋花、委陵菜等S. alopecuroides, C. epigeios, M. falcata, B.scoparia, P. australis, C. arvensis, P. chinensis, etc. | 30.0 |
Ⅶ | 苦杨-苜蓿-白车轴草群丛P. laurifolia-M. sativa-T. repens | 苦杨P. laurifolia | 47.1 | 苜蓿、白车轴草M. sativa, T. repens | 22.7 | 吐兰柳、早熟禾、拂子茅、油柴柳、丘陵老鹳草、平车前、新疆野豌豆、灰绿藜、问荆、苦马豆、雀麦等S. turanica, P. annua, C. epigeios, S. capsica, G. collinum, P. depressa, V. costata, C. glaucum, E. arvense, S. salsula, B. japonicus, etc. | 20.0 |
Ⅷ | 额河杨-灰绿藜-糙隐子草群丛P.×berolinensis var. jrtyschensis-C. glaucum-C. squarrosa | 额河杨P.×berolinensis var.jrtyschensis | 50.0 | 灰绿藜、糙隐子草、稗C. glaucum, C. squarrosa, E. crus-galli | 17.3 | 新疆千里光、鹅观草、苍耳、北艾等S. jacobaea, E. kamoji, X. strumarium, A. vulgaris, etc. | 15.0 |
Ⅸ | 苦杨-灰绿藜-地肤群丛P. laurifolia-C. glaucum-B. scoparia | 苦杨P. laurifolia | 33.0 | 灰绿藜、地肤C. glaucum, B. scoparia | 12.6 | 针叶蓼、猪毛菜、苜蓿、萹蓄、伊犁绢蒿、绳虫实、顶羽菊、宽穗赖草等P. polycnemoides, K. collinum, M. sativa, P. aviculare, S. transiliense, C. declinatum, R. repens, L. ovatus, etc. | 17.0 |
Ⅹ | 狗尾草+尖头叶藜+大籽蒿群丛S. viridis+C. acuminatum+A. sieversiana | 狗尾草S. viridis | 22.0 | 尖头叶藜、大籽蒿C. acuminatum, A. sieversiana | 23.0 | 灰绿藜、齿稃草、猪毛菜、苜蓿、香藜、蓝刺头、偃麦草、白屈菜等C. glaucum, S. arabicus, K. collinum, M. sativa, D. botrys, E. sphaerocephalus, E. repens, C. majus, etc. | 13.0 |
Ⅺ | 绳虫实+蒺藜+沙蓬群丛C. declinatum+T. terrestris+A. squarrosum | 绳虫实C. declinatum | 15.0 | 蒺藜、沙蓬T. terrestris, A. squarrosum | 13.5 | 灰绿藜、萹蓄、早熟禾、角果藜、猪毛菜、大籽蒿、狼紫草、盐地碱蓬等C. glaucum, P. aviculare, P. annua, C. arenarius, K. collinum, A. sieversiana, A. ovata, S. salsa, etc. | 23.0 |
Ⅻ | 针茅+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. capillata+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 针茅S. capillata | 20.0 | 萹蓄、地肤P. aviculare, B. scoparia | 17.0 | 驼绒藜、白茎绢蒿、灰绿藜、苜蓿、鹤虱、新疆大蒜芥、小蓬草、南牡蒿等K. ceratoides, S. terrae-albae, C. glaucum, M. sativa, L. myosotis, S. loeselii, E. canadensis, A. eriopoda, etc. | 20.0 |
ⅩⅢ | 木蓼-猪毛菜-驼绒藜群丛A. frutescens-K. collinum-K. ceratoides | 木蓼、猪毛菜A. frutescens, K. collinum | 12.0 | 驼绒藜、角果藜K. ceratoides, C. arenarius | 13.0 | 白茎绢蒿、新疆薹草、沙蓬、铃铛刺、针茅、地肤、苦豆子、紫萼石头花等S. terrae-albae, C. turkestanica, A. squarrosum, C. halodendron, S. capillata, B. scoparia, S. alopecuroides, G. patrinii, etc. | 11.0 |
ⅩⅣ | 白茎绢蒿+角果藜+萹蓄群丛S. terrae-albae+C. arenarius+P. aviculare | 白茎绢蒿S. terrae-albae | 18.0 | 角果藜、萹蓄、新疆薹草C. arenarius, P. aviculare, C. turkestanica | 15.0 | 新塔花、小蓬草、野苜蓿、蝎尾菊、灰绿藜、鞑靼滨藜、北疆粉苞菊、团扇荠等Z. bungeana, E. canadensis, M. falcata, K. linearis, C. glaucum, A. tatarica, C. leiosperma, B. incana, etc. | 12.0 |
ⅩⅤ | 野胡麻+白茎绢蒿+对节刺群丛D.orientalis+S. terrae-albae+H. ulicina | 野胡麻D. orientalis | 5.0 | 白茎绢蒿、对节刺S. terrae-albae, H. ulicina | 7.0 | 拂子茅、鹤虱、白滨藜、绳虫实、杂配藜、盐地碱蓬、盐爪爪C. epigeios, L. myosotis, A. cana, C. declinatum, C. hybridum, S. salsa, K. foliatum | 13.0 |
ⅩⅥ | 梭梭+红砂-木蓼群丛H. ammodendron+R. songarica-A. frutescens | 梭梭H. ammodendron | 8.0 | 红砂、木蓼R. songarica, A. frutescens | 5.0 | 新疆薹草、鹤虱、双穗麻黄、小甘菊、纤细绢蒿、旱麦草、角果藜、四齿芥等C. turkestanica, L. myosotis, E. distachya, C. discoidea, S. gracilescens, E. triticeum, C. arenarius, T. quadricornis, etc. | 8.0 |
ⅩⅦ | 红果沙拐枣+梭梭-大赖草群丛C. rubicundum+H. ammodendron-L.racemosus | 红果沙拐枣C. rubicundum | 10.0 | 梭梭、大赖草、内蒙古旱蒿H. ammodendron, L. racemosus, A. xerophytica | 9.0 | 纤细绢蒿、盐地碱蓬、杂配藜、画眉草、刺沙蓬、伏尔加蝇子草等S. gracilescens, S. salsa, C. hybridum, E. Pilosa, K. tragus, S. wolgensis, etc. | 6.0 |
图2 新疆阿勒泰地区17个植物群丛DCA和CCA排序DCA: 除趋势对应分析Detracted correspondence analysis; CCA: 典范对应分析Canonical correspondence analysis; ALT: 海拔Altitude; TP: 全磷Total phosphorus; TK: 全钾Total potassium; AMT: 年平均温度Annual average temperature; EC: 土壤电导率Soil electrical conductivity; MAP: 年降水量Annual precipitation.
Fig.2 DCA and CCA ordination of 17 plant associations in Altay Prefecture of Xinjiang
环境因子 Environmental factors | 轴1 Axis 1 | 轴2 Axis 2 | 轴3 Axis 3 | 轴4 Axis 4 | 贡献率Contribution (%) | P值 P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
海拔Altitude | 0.8911*** | 0.2022* | -0.0421 | 0.1071 | 19.9 | 0.002 |
年降水量Annual precipitation | 0.0765 | -0.3318*** | 0.5906*** | -0.2852*** | 10.0 | 0.002 |
年平均温度Annual average temperature | -0.8185*** | 0.1762* | 0.0983 | -0.2109** | 9.5 | 0.002 |
土壤酸碱度 pH | -0.6987*** | 0.2874*** | -0.0396 | 0.1196 | 8.5 | 0.002 |
土壤电导率Soil electrical conductivity | -0.2732*** | -0.0132 | 0.1233 | 0.5316*** | 8.1 | 0.058 |
全磷Total phosphorus | 0.3476*** | 0.1247 | -0.2645*** | -0.1745* | 8.0 | 0.030 |
全钾Total potassium | 0.2005* | 0.1619* | -0.5578*** | -0.1253 | 7.6 | 0.034 |
土壤有机质Soil organic matter | - | - | - | - | 7.2 | 0.168 |
速效钾Available potassium | - | - | - | - | 6.5 | 0.284 |
全氮Total nitrogen | - | - | - | - | 5.8 | 0.416 |
有效磷Available phosphorus | - | - | - | - | 4.9 | 0.710 |
水解性氮Hydrolyzed nitrogen | - | - | - | - | 3.8 | 0.920 |
特征值Eigenvalues | 0.600 | 0.308 | 0.289 | 0.240 | - | - |
物种与环境相关系数Species-environment correlation coefficient | 0.937 | 0.784 | 0.805 | 0.758 | - | - |
物种与环境关系方差解释的累计比例Cumulative proportion of variance interpretation of species-environment relationship (%) | 29.3 | 44.3 | 58.4 | 70.1 | - | - |
所有典范轴的显著性检验Test of significance of all canonical axes | 0.002 | - | - |
表6 环境因子与4个排序轴相关性分析
Table 6 Correlation analysis of environmental factors with four sort axes
环境因子 Environmental factors | 轴1 Axis 1 | 轴2 Axis 2 | 轴3 Axis 3 | 轴4 Axis 4 | 贡献率Contribution (%) | P值 P value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
海拔Altitude | 0.8911*** | 0.2022* | -0.0421 | 0.1071 | 19.9 | 0.002 |
年降水量Annual precipitation | 0.0765 | -0.3318*** | 0.5906*** | -0.2852*** | 10.0 | 0.002 |
年平均温度Annual average temperature | -0.8185*** | 0.1762* | 0.0983 | -0.2109** | 9.5 | 0.002 |
土壤酸碱度 pH | -0.6987*** | 0.2874*** | -0.0396 | 0.1196 | 8.5 | 0.002 |
土壤电导率Soil electrical conductivity | -0.2732*** | -0.0132 | 0.1233 | 0.5316*** | 8.1 | 0.058 |
全磷Total phosphorus | 0.3476*** | 0.1247 | -0.2645*** | -0.1745* | 8.0 | 0.030 |
全钾Total potassium | 0.2005* | 0.1619* | -0.5578*** | -0.1253 | 7.6 | 0.034 |
土壤有机质Soil organic matter | - | - | - | - | 7.2 | 0.168 |
速效钾Available potassium | - | - | - | - | 6.5 | 0.284 |
全氮Total nitrogen | - | - | - | - | 5.8 | 0.416 |
有效磷Available phosphorus | - | - | - | - | 4.9 | 0.710 |
水解性氮Hydrolyzed nitrogen | - | - | - | - | 3.8 | 0.920 |
特征值Eigenvalues | 0.600 | 0.308 | 0.289 | 0.240 | - | - |
物种与环境相关系数Species-environment correlation coefficient | 0.937 | 0.784 | 0.805 | 0.758 | - | - |
物种与环境关系方差解释的累计比例Cumulative proportion of variance interpretation of species-environment relationship (%) | 29.3 | 44.3 | 58.4 | 70.1 | - | - |
所有典范轴的显著性检验Test of significance of all canonical axes | 0.002 | - | - |
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