草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4): 147-157.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025199
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
韩玉兰1,2(
), 李奕昕1,2, 程一珊1,2, 蔡明3, 牟兰1,2(
)
收稿日期:2025-05-19
修回日期:2025-07-04
出版日期:2026-04-20
发布日期:2026-02-07
通讯作者:
牟兰
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: mulan1016@163.com基金资助:
Yu-lan HAN1,2(
), Yi-xin LI1,2, Yi-shan CHENG1,2, Ming CAI3, Lan MU1,2(
)
Received:2025-05-19
Revised:2025-07-04
Online:2026-04-20
Published:2026-02-07
Contact:
Lan MU
摘要:
斑叶芒为禾本科芒属多年生草本植物,其叶片分布不规则黄色斑纹,具有独特的观赏价值,且在生态环境美化中也发挥重要作用。为解析其斑纹的形成机制,以无斑叶片(WG)、斑叶绿色部分(GS)和黄色部分(YS)作为试验材料,综合色度分析、色素含量测定及显微/超微结构观察等方法进行系统研究。结果表明:YS在色度指标上差异突出,其亮度值为59.99,黄蓝轴色度值及彩度值分别为23.08,23.34,均极显著高于WG和GS(P<0.01);而绿色饱和度则显著降低(P<0.01),侧面体现出其黄色表型特征。在色素含量方面,YS的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量分别为0.91、0.03和0.94 mg·g-1,极显著低于GS和WG(P<0.01);与之相反,类胡萝卜素含量(1.03 mg·g-1),类胡萝卜素与总叶绿素的比值(1.09)以及黄酮含量(2.48 mg·g-1)在YS中均极显著升高(P<0.01)。在解剖结构层面,与WG和GS相比,YS的叶片厚度减少了19.17%,叶肉细胞显著变薄,泡状细胞体积明显缩小,细胞排列呈现出疏松状态,同时木质化程度极显著加剧(P<0.01)。通过超微结构观察进一步发现,YS的叶绿体基粒片层结构出现解体现象,淀粉粒异常积累,质体小球数量相较于GS增加。综上,斑叶芒叶斑形成主要源于叶绿体结构损伤导致的叶绿素合成受阻,同时类胡萝卜素相对积累和黄酮化合物增加共同强化了黄色表型。
韩玉兰, 李奕昕, 程一珊, 蔡明, 牟兰. 斑叶芒叶斑色素组成和细胞结构解析[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(4): 147-157.
Yu-lan HAN, Yi-xin LI, Yi-shan CHENG, Ming CAI, Lan MU. Analysis of leaf color pattern composition and cell structure of Miscanthus sinensis ‘Zebrinus’[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(4): 147-157.
图2 斑叶芒叶片WG: 无斑纹叶片Non spotted leaves; GS: 斑叶绿色部分The green part of spotted leaves; YS: 斑叶黄斑部分The macula of spotted leaves; 下同The same below.
Fig.2 M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’ leaves
| 表型Phenotype | L* | a* | b* | c* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WG | 35.93±0.21Cc | -6.12±1.01Ab | 8.97±0.90Cc | 11.11±0.34Cc |
| GS | 44.41±0.63Bb | -5.88±0.59Ab | 17.91±0.33Bb | 18.57±0.48Bb |
| YS | 59.99±0.68Aa | -3.41±0.45Aa | 23.08±1.26Aa | 23.34±1.27Aa |
表1 斑叶芒不同表型叶片的叶色参数值
Table 1 Leaf color parameters values of different phenotypes of M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’
| 表型Phenotype | L* | a* | b* | c* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WG | 35.93±0.21Cc | -6.12±1.01Ab | 8.97±0.90Cc | 11.11±0.34Cc |
| GS | 44.41±0.63Bb | -5.88±0.59Ab | 17.91±0.33Bb | 18.57±0.48Bb |
| YS | 59.99±0.68Aa | -3.41±0.45Aa | 23.08±1.26Aa | 23.34±1.27Aa |
图3 斑叶芒不同表型叶片的色素含量分析不同大写字母表示不同表型间差异极显著(P<0.01),不同小写字母表示差异显著(P<0.05),下同。Different capital letters indicate extremely significant differences among different phenotypes (P<0.01), and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05), the same below.
Fig.3 Analysis of pigment content in leaves of different phenotypes of M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’
图4 斑叶芒叶色参数与色素组成的相关性分析*: P<0.05; **: P<0.01.
Fig.4 Correlation analysis between leaf color parameters and pigment composition of M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’
图5 斑叶芒不同表型叶片的组织结构比较le: 下表皮细胞Lower-epidermis cells; sm: 海绵细胞Spongy mesophyll cells; v: 叶脉Vein; vbs: 维管束鞘细胞Vascular bundle sheath cells; ph: 韧皮部Phloem; xy: 木质部导管Xylem; bu: 泡状细胞Bulliform cell; ue: 上表皮细胞Upper-epidermis cells.
Fig.5 Comparison of tissue structures of leaves with different phenotypes of M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’
图6 斑叶芒不同表型叶片的超微结构cp: 叶绿体Chloroplasts; sg: 淀粉粒Starch granules; pgs: 质体小球Plastoglobules; cw: 细胞壁Cell wall; st: 类囊体基质Stroma thylakoid; gt: 类囊体基粒Grana thylakoid.
Fig.6 Ultrastructure of leaves with different phenotypes of M. sinensis ‘Zebrinus’
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