Genetic analysis and QTL mapping for seven agronomic traits in maize (Zea mays) using two connected populations

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017438

Abstract

Abstract: Seven important agronomic traits that influence the ecological adaptability, lodging resistance, dense planting ability and the production potential of maize are plant height (PH), ear height (EH), panicle aspect ratio (PAR), leaf area (LA), leaf shape coefficient (LSC), anthesis-silking interval (ASI) and tassel branch number (TBN). In order to analyze the heterosis of these seven traits, two F₂ populations were derived from crosses of Langhuang×TS141 (LTpop) and Chang7-2×TS141(CTpop). Analysis was also undertaken to reveal the relationship between these traits and ear weight (EW), and to detect QTLs and their corresponding QTL effects. The results showed that: 1) The PAR and ASI of the two F₁ hybrids showed significant mid-parent heterosis, while the other traits showed significant positive over-parent heterosis. The F₁ heterosis index and relative heterosis results were consistently PH>EH>TBN>LA>LSC>ASI>PAR. However, the F₂ advantage reduction rate results were LA>PH>EH>TBN>ASI>LSC>PAR. 2) EW was significantly negatively correlated with ASI and was significantly positively correlated with the other six traits. Moreover, except for TBN, optimal regression equations between EW and the other six traits were successfully constructed via stepwise regression analysis. 3)56 QTLs were detected in the two F₂ populations using composite interval mapping (CIM), with the results explaining 4.22%-15.74% of phenotypic variation per QTL. For these QTLs, PH, PAR, ASI and TBN showed both additive and non-additive effects, while the other traits showed non-additive effects. Further analysis identified 12 stable QTLs (sQTLs) in the two F₂ populations. These sQTLs were for PH (Bin1.07; umc1278-bnlg1025), LA (Bin1.08-1.10; mmc0041-phi308707), ASI (Bin2.02; umc1823-umc2363), EH and PAR (Bin4.06; bnlg1621a-umc2027), ASI and TBN (Bin4.09; umc2287-umc2360), ASI(Bin6.05; umc2040-bnlg1174a),TBN (Bin7.00; umc2177-umc1378), PAR (Bin8.08; umc1005-umc2218), and for PH and PAR (Bin10.01-10.02; bnlg451-umc1337). This study has provided valuable information for application in the breeding, precision mapping and positional gene cloning for desired agronomic traits in maize.

Key words: maize, heterosis, QTL, agronomic traits, ear weight

ZHAO Xiao-qiang, FANG Peng, PENG Yun-ling, ZHANG Jin-wen, ZENG Wen-jing, REN Bin, GAO Qiao-hong. Genetic analysis and QTL mapping for seven agronomic traits in maize (Zea mays) using two connected populations[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(9): 152-165.

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