Distribution of ground-active arthropod community structure after introduction of Caragana korshinskii into Reaumuria soongorica shrubland on the Urat desert steppe， Inner Mongolia

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020019

Abstract

Abstract:

The introduction of Caragana korshinskii shrubs to degraded Reaumuria soongorica shrubland on the Urat desert steppe in Inner Mongolia is an important ecological restoration measure. It is important to determine how introduced C. korshinskii shrubs affect the structure and diversity of ground-active arthropod communities in natural R. soongorica shrublands to understand their roles in biodiversity conservation and the restoration of degraded ecosystems in this region. In this study， we determined the effects of introduced C. korshinskii and environmental factors on the composition of the ground-active arthropod community in R. soongorica microhabitats on the natural desert steppe by analyzing specimens collected in pitfall traps in spring， summer， and autumn in 2018. In total， 560 individual ground-active arthropods were captured， belonging to 23 families and 10 orders. The main groups were Tenebrionidae and Formicidae， accounting for 41.07% and 22.14% of all collected arthropods， respectively. There were 10 common groups accounting for 32.68% of all collected arthropods， and 11 rare groups accounting for 4.11%. The community composition of ground-active arthropods differed among R. soongorica shrubs， C. korshinskii shrubs， and bare microhabitats. For example， Lycosidae and Clubionidae were present only under C. korshinskii shrubs， and Aphodiidae and Neobisiidae were present only in bare microhabitats. There was no significant difference in the number of arthropods， groups， Shannon-Wiener index， and Simpson’s index among R. soongorica shrubs， C. korshinskii shrubs， and bare microhabitats （P>0.05）. The Jaccard index of ground-active arthropod communities ranged from 0.65 to 0.71， indicative of strong similarity among R. soongorica shrubs， among C. korshinskii shrubs， and among bare microhabitats. The results of redundancy analysis and partial redundancy analysis showed that soil pH was the main environmental factor affecting the distribution of ground-active arthropods. Our findings indicated that introduced C. korshinskii shrubs in the R. soongorica shrubland on the Urat desert steppe affected the community composition of ground-active arthropods. However， the introduced plants had little effect on the number of individuals and groups and on the diversity distribution of ground-active arthropods， indicating that introduced C. korshinskii shrubs have limited effects on the recovery of ground-active arthropod diversity.

Key words: desert steppe, ground-active arthropod, Caragana korshinskii shrub, Reaumuria soongorica shrub, community structure

Hai-tao CHANG, Ren-tao LIU, Wei CHEN, An-ning ZHANG, Xiao-an ZUO. Distribution of ground-active arthropod community structure after introduction of Caragana korshinskii into Reaumuria soongorica shrubland on the Urat desert steppe， Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(12): 188-197.

Figures/Tables 6

References 36

1	Wan M， Guo Y P， Guo Y G， et al. Study on the main ways of vegetation restoration in Urad grassland. Inner Mongolia Prataculture， 2004（4）： 49-51.
	万敏，郭永平，郭映光，等. 乌拉特草原植被恢复主要途径的研究. 内蒙古草业， 2004（4）： 49-51.
2	Wang S K， Zhao X Y， Jia K F， et al. Soil bacterial diversity and Its vertical distribution in Stipa klemenzii community of Urad Desert Steppe. Journal of Desert Research， 2016， 36（6）： 1564-1570.
	王少昆，赵学勇，贾昆峰，等. 乌拉特荒漠草原小针茅（Stipa klemenzii）群落土壤细菌多样性及垂直分布特征. 中国沙漠， 2016， 36（6）： 1564-1570.
3	He Y H， Liu X P， Xie Z K. Enrichment of soil salinity and nutrients under desertification shrub Reaumuria soongorica. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment， 2015， 29（3）： 115-119.
	何玉惠，刘新平，谢忠奎. 红砂灌丛对土壤盐分和养分的富集作用. 干旱区资源与环境， 2015， 29（3）： 115-119.
4	Zhu G， Li Z P， Wang W P， et al. The study progress on plant of Reaumuria Linn. Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology， 2004， 29（3）： 1-6.
	朱恭，李正平，王万鹏，等. 红砂属植物研究进展. 甘肃林业科技， 2004， 29（3）： 1-6.
5	Ou J. Rational thinking on the factors that cause the deterioration of grassland in Inner Mongolia. Journal of Jining Teachers College， 2002， 24（1）： 65-69， 79.
	欧军. 内蒙古草原生态恶化的原因及理性思考. 集宁师专学报， 2002， 24（1）： 65-69， 79.
6	Wang S L. Caragana， a pioneer species of desertification. Hebei Forestry， 2011（2）： 41.
	王世兰. 荒漠化先锋树种——柠条. 河北林业， 2011（2）： 41.
7	Fu S L， Zou X M， Coleman D. Highlights and perspectives of soil biology and ecology research in China. Soil Biology & Biochemistry， 2009， 41（5）： 868-876.
8	Yin X Q， Song B， Dong W H， et al. A review on the eco-geography of soil fauna in China. Acta Geographica Sinica， 2010， 65（1）： 91-102.
	殷秀琴，宋博，董炜华，等. 我国土壤动物生态地理研究进展. 地理学报， 2010， 65（1）： 91-102.
9	Liu R T， Zhu F. Monthly changes of ground arthropods in artificial Caragana intermedia plantations in desert steppe. Acta Prataculturae Sinica， 2014， 23（2）： 296-304.
	刘任涛，朱凡. 荒漠草原区人工柠条林地面节肢动物群落月动态变化. 草业学报， 2014， 23（2）： 296-304.
10	Doblas M E， Sánchez P F， González M A. Different microhabitats affect soil macroinvertebrate assemblages in a Mediterranean arid ecosystem. Applied Soil Ecology， 2009， 41（3）： 329-335.
11	Doblas M E， Sánchez P F， González M A. Soil macroinvertebrate fauna of a mediterranean arid system： Composition and temporal changes in the assemblage. Soil Biology & Biochemistry， 2007， 39（8）： 1916-1925.
12	Eldridge D J， Duval W B D. Animal disturbances promote shrub maintenance in a desertified grassland. Journal of Ecology， 2009， 97（6）： 1302-1310.
13	Liu J L， Li F R， Liu Q J， et al. Relationships between ground beetle community distribution and microhabitats in an arid desert shrubland of the middle Heihe River basin. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2010， 30（23）： 6389-6398.
	刘继亮，李锋瑞，刘七军，等. 黑河中游荒漠灌丛斑块地面甲虫群落分布与微生境的关系. 生态学报， 2010， 30（23）： 6389-6398.
14	Liu R T， Zhu F， Chai Y Q. Assemblage effect of ground arthropod community in desert steppe shrubs with different ages. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology， 2014， 25（1）： 228-236.
	刘任涛，朱凡，柴永青. 干旱区不同年龄灌丛斑块地面节肢动物的聚集效应. 应用生态学报， 2014， 25（1）： 228-236.
15	Liu R T， Xi W H， Zhu F. Community composition and seasonal dynamics of ground-dwelling arthropods in the desertified steppe of Ningxia. Acta Prataculturae Sinica， 2016， 25（6）： 126-135.
	刘任涛，郗伟华，朱凡. 宁夏荒漠草原地面节肢动物群落组成及季节动态特征. 草业学报， 2016， 25（6）： 126-135.
16	Liu R T， Xi W H， Zhao J， et al. Distribution of terrestrial arthropod communities in and out-of Caragana korshinskii shrubberies under different site conditions. Arid Zone Research， 2018， 35（2）： 354-362.
	刘任涛，郗伟华，赵娟，等. 不同立地条件柠条灌丛内外地面节肢动物群落结构分布特征. 干旱区研究， 2018， 35（2）： 354-362.
17	Liu J L， Li F R， Liu Q J， et al. Seasonal variation of ground dwelling arthropod communities in an arid desert of the middle Heihe River basin. Acta Prataculturae Sinica， 2010， 19（5）： 161-169.
	刘继亮，李锋瑞，刘七军，等. 黑河中游干旱荒漠地面节肢动物群落季节变异规律. 草业学报， 2010， 19（5）： 161-169.
18	Yin W Y. Index of soil animals in China. Beijing： Science Press， 1998.
	尹文英. 中国土壤动物检索图鉴. 北京：科学出版社， 1998.
19	Zheng L Y， Gui H. Insect taxonomy. Nanjing： Nanjing Normal University Press， 1999.
	郑乐怡，归鸿. 昆虫分类. 南京：南京师范大学出版社， 1999.
20	Wang X P， Yang G J. Insects in Helan Mountain， Ningxia. Ningxia： Ningxia People’s Publishing House， 2010.
	王新谱，杨贵军. 宁夏贺兰山昆虫. 宁夏：宁夏人民出版社， 2010.
21	Liu R T， Xi W H， Liu J N， et al. Spatial distribution of arthropod community between Caragana shrub microhabitats. Journal of Desert Research， 2018， 38（1）： 117-125.
	刘任涛，郗伟华，刘佳楠，等. 沙地柠条（Caragana）灌丛微生境节肢动物群落特征. 中国沙漠， 2018， 38（1）： 117-125.
22	Su Y Z， Zhao H L， Zhao W Z， et al. Fractal features of soil particle size distribution and the implication for indicating desertification. Geoderma， 2004， 122（1）： 43-49.
23	Zhao J， Liu R T， Liu J N， et al. Effect of conversion of cropland to agroforestry land versus natural grassland on ground-active arthropods in an agro-pasture zone of Northern China. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2019， 39（5）： 1653-1663.
	赵娟，刘任涛，刘佳楠，等. 北方农牧交错带退耕还林与还草对地面节肢动物群落结构的影响. 生态学报， 2019， 39（5）： 1653-1663.
24	Liu J L， Zhao W Z， Li F R. The effects of the identity of shrub species on the distribution and diversity of ground arthropods in a sandy desert ecosystem of Northwestern China. Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions， 2014， 6（6）： 587-596.
25	Liu R T， Yang X G， Song N P， et al. Soil properties following growing process of artificial forests（Caragana microphyllain）desert steppe. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation， 2012， 26（4）： 108-112.
	刘任涛，杨新国，宋乃平，等. 荒漠草原区固沙人工柠条林生长过程中土壤性质演变规律. 水土保持学报， 2012， 26（4）： 108-112.
26	Niu X W， Zhang Q， Yang Z P， et al. Research on change of soil properities of Caragana plantation in North-west of Shanxi Province. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica， 2003， 23（4）： 628-632.
	牛西午，张强，杨治平，等. 柠条人工林对晋西北土壤理化性质变化的影响研究. 西北植物学报， 2003， 23（4）： 628-632.
27	Ohrtman M K， Sher A A， Lair K D. Quantifying soil salinity in areas invaded by Tamarix spp. Journal of Arid Environments， 2012， 85： 114-121.
28	Dong X W， Zhang X K， Bao X L， et al. Spatial distribution of soil nutrients after the establishment of sand-fixing shrubs on sand dune. Plant Soil and Environment， 2009， 55（7）： 288-294.
29	Gardner B J S. Soil microstructure in soils of the colorado plateau： The role of the cyanobaaterium microcoleus vaginatus. The Great Basin Naturalist， 1993， 53（1）： 40-47.
30	Yang D D， Zhao W， Chen L， et al. Seasonal conversion of the effects of biological soil crusts on surface hydrology in the artificial Caragana intermedia shrublands. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica， 2018， 38（7）： 1349-1356.
	杨东东，赵伟，陈林，等. 人工柠条林生物土壤结皮地表水文效应的季节转换. 西北植物学报， 2018， 38（7）： 1349-1356.
31	Duan Z H， Liu X M， Qu J J. Study on formation mechanism of soil crust in the Shapotou Area. Study on Arid Area， 1996（2）： 31-36.
	段争虎，刘新民，屈建军. 沙坡头地区土壤结皮形成机理的研究. 干旱区研究， 1996（2）： 31-36.
32	Liu R T. Distribution characteristics of soil animal community in Horqin Sandy Land. Beijing： Science Press， 2015.
	刘任涛. 科尔沁沙地土壤动物群落分布特征. 北京：科学出版社， 2015.
33	Liu X M， Men L N. Effects of grassland restoration from cropland on soil macrofaunal community in Wuchuan County， Inner Mongolia. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology， 2009， 20（8）： 1965-1972.
	刘新民，门丽娜. 内蒙古武川县农田退耕还草对大型土壤动物群落的影响. 应用生态学报， 2009， 20（8）： 1965-1972.
34	Whitford W G， Wade E L. Ecology of desert systems. Journal of Mammalogy， 2002（3）： 1122.
35	Liu R T， Zhao H L， Zhao X Y， et al. Nest building activities and effect of Formica cunicularia on soil properties on mobile dune of Horqin Sandy Land. Journal of Desert Research， 2010， 30（1）： 135-139.
	刘任涛，赵哈林，赵学勇，等. 科尔沁沙地流动沙丘掘穴蚁（Formica cunicularia）筑丘活动及其对土壤的作用. 中国沙漠， 2010， 30（1）： 135-139.
36	Liu J L， Li F R， Niu R X， et al. Influence of soil salinization on soil animal community in an arid oasis of middle Heihe River Basin. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology， 2012， 23（6）： 1551-1561.
	刘继亮，李锋瑞，牛瑞雪，等. 黑河中游干旱绿洲土壤盐渍化对大型土壤动物群落的影响. 应用生态学报， 2012， 23（6）： 1551-1561.

科属 Familys/genus	红砂灌丛 R. soongorica		柠条灌丛 C. korshinskii		裸露地 B		总个体数 Total number of individuals
科属 Familys/genus	百分比 Percentage （%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance
蜈蚣科Scolopendridae	0.50	＋			0.60	＋	0.36	＋
木伪蝎科Neobisiidae					0.60	＋	0.18	＋
长奇盲蛛科Phalangiidae	0.50	＋	2.06	＋＋	0.60	＋	1.07	＋＋
狼蛛科Lycosidae			0.52	＋			0.18	＋
蟹蛛科Thomisidae	4.50	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	0.60	＋	2.50	＋＋
管巢蛛科Clubionidae			0.52	＋			0.18	＋
跳蛛科Salticidae	0.50	＋	1.03	＋＋	4.82	＋＋	1.96	＋＋
平腹蛛科Gnaphosidae	8.00	＋＋	8.25	＋＋	1.81	＋＋	6.25	＋＋
隆头蛛科Eresidae			1.03	＋＋	0.60	＋	0.54	＋
近管蛛科Anyphaonidae	2.50	＋＋	2.58	＋＋	3.61	＋＋	2.86	＋＋
鼠妇科Porcellionidae	2.00	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	3.61	＋＋	2.50	＋＋
盲蝽科Miridae	1.00	＋＋	0.52	＋	2.41	＋＋	1.25	＋＋
螽蟖科Tettigoniidae			0.52	＋	0.60	＋	0.36	＋
拟步甲科Tenebrionidae	44.00	＋＋＋	41.75	＋＋＋	36.75	＋＋＋	41.07	＋＋＋
象甲科Curculionidae	7.00	＋＋	7.22	＋＋	6.02	＋＋	6.79	＋＋
粪金龟科Geotrupidae	0.50	＋	1.03	＋＋			0.54	＋
蜉金龟科Aphodiidae					0.60	＋	0.18	＋
天牛科Cerambycidae	1.50	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	6.63	＋＋	3.21	＋＋
葬甲科Silphidae	0.50	＋	0.52	＋			0.36	＋
步甲科Carabidae	6.00	＋＋	4.64	＋＋	1.81	＋＋	4.29	＋＋
食蚜蝇科Syrphidae	0.50	＋			1.81	＋＋	0.71	＋
蚁科Formicidae	20.00	＋＋＋	21.13	＋＋＋	25.90	＋＋＋	22.14	＋＋＋
蚁蜂科Mutillidae	0.50	＋	0.52	＋	0.60	＋	0.54	＋

科属 Familys/genus	红砂灌丛 R. soongorica		柠条灌丛 C. korshinskii		裸露地 B		总个体数 Total number of individuals
科属 Familys/genus	百分比 Percentage （%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance	百分比 Percentage（%）	优势度 Dominance
蜈蚣科Scolopendridae	0.50	＋			0.60	＋	0.36	＋
木伪蝎科Neobisiidae					0.60	＋	0.18	＋
长奇盲蛛科Phalangiidae	0.50	＋	2.06	＋＋	0.60	＋	1.07	＋＋
狼蛛科Lycosidae			0.52	＋			0.18	＋
蟹蛛科Thomisidae	4.50	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	0.60	＋	2.50	＋＋
管巢蛛科Clubionidae			0.52	＋			0.18	＋
跳蛛科Salticidae	0.50	＋	1.03	＋＋	4.82	＋＋	1.96	＋＋
平腹蛛科Gnaphosidae	8.00	＋＋	8.25	＋＋	1.81	＋＋	6.25	＋＋
隆头蛛科Eresidae			1.03	＋＋	0.60	＋	0.54	＋
近管蛛科Anyphaonidae	2.50	＋＋	2.58	＋＋	3.61	＋＋	2.86	＋＋
鼠妇科Porcellionidae	2.00	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	3.61	＋＋	2.50	＋＋
盲蝽科Miridae	1.00	＋＋	0.52	＋	2.41	＋＋	1.25	＋＋
螽蟖科Tettigoniidae			0.52	＋	0.60	＋	0.36	＋
拟步甲科Tenebrionidae	44.00	＋＋＋	41.75	＋＋＋	36.75	＋＋＋	41.07	＋＋＋
象甲科Curculionidae	7.00	＋＋	7.22	＋＋	6.02	＋＋	6.79	＋＋
粪金龟科Geotrupidae	0.50	＋	1.03	＋＋			0.54	＋
蜉金龟科Aphodiidae					0.60	＋	0.18	＋
天牛科Cerambycidae	1.50	＋＋	2.06	＋＋	6.63	＋＋	3.21	＋＋
葬甲科Silphidae	0.50	＋	0.52	＋			0.36	＋
步甲科Carabidae	6.00	＋＋	4.64	＋＋	1.81	＋＋	4.29	＋＋
食蚜蝇科Syrphidae	0.50	＋			1.81	＋＋	0.71	＋
蚁科Formicidae	20.00	＋＋＋	21.13	＋＋＋	25.90	＋＋＋	22.14	＋＋＋
蚁蜂科Mutillidae	0.50	＋	0.52	＋	0.60	＋	0.54	＋

变量 Variable	贡献率 Contribution rate （%）	P	F
pH	25	0.002	14.37
SM	3	0.142	1.89
EC	2	0.300	1.28
SC	2	0.462	0.82
TC	1	0.432	0.92
AT	2	0.404	0.97
TN	1	0.592	0.64
R	1	0.854	0.30
SS	0	1.000	0.04

变量 Variable	贡献率 Contribution rate （%）	P	F
pH	25	0.002	14.37
SM	3	0.142	1.89
EC	2	0.300	1.28
SC	2	0.462	0.82
TC	1	0.432	0.92
AT	2	0.404	0.97
TN	1	0.592	0.64
R	1	0.854	0.30
SS	0	1.000	0.04

[1]	Feng ZHANG, Jia-wei SUN, Yu SUN, Jia-hua ZHENG, Ji-rong QIAO, Meng-li ZHAO. Effects of different stocking rates on interspecific relationships among dominant species and their spatial distribution characteristics in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(8): 1-11.
[2]	Xu-dong WU, Qi JIANG, Xiao-bin REN, Hong-qian YU, Zhan-jun WANG, Jian-long HE, Bo JI, Jian-min DU. Effects of precipitation on carbon， nitrogen and microbial characteristics of biological soil crusts in a desert steppe of Northern China [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(7): 34-43.
[3]	Cui-cui TIAN, Shu-hai BU, Duo-liang ZHOU, Jian-quan LIU, Yong-xiang ZHOU, Xue-li ZHENG. A study of rodent community structure in the Annanba wild camel national nature reserve [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(7): 62-71.
[4]	Ying MA, Zhi-hao XU, Qiao-hong ZENG, Jian-long MENG, Ya-hu HU, Jie-qiong SU. Impact of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous species in desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 64-72.
[5]	Zhong-ju MENG, Yan-jie CHEN, Si-qin BAO. Characteristics of community patches under three grazing modes in Sunite Desert-steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 13-23.
[6]	Ji-xiong GU, Tian-dou GUO, Hong-mei WANG, Xue-ying LI, Dan-ni LIANG, Qing-lian YANG, Jin-yue GAO. Responses of soil microbes across an anthropogenic transition from desert steppe grassland to shrubland in eastern Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 46-57.
[7]	Xin MA, Zhu-zhu LUO, Yao-quan ZHANG, Jia-he LIU, Yi-ning NIU, Li-qun CAI. Distribution characteristics and ecological function predictions of soil bacterial communities in rainfed alfalfa fields on the Loess Plateau [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 54-67.
[8]	Mei XIONG, Ji-rong QIAO, Yang YANG, Feng ZHANG, Jia-hua ZHENG, Jian-xin WU, Meng-li ZHAO. Stocking rate effects on stoichiometric characteristics of the steppe grassland pioneer species Stipabreviflora and its underlying soil [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(2): 212-219.
[9]	Jing-jing ZHANG, Zun-chi LIU, Chuang YAN, Yun-xia WANG, Kai LIU, Xin-rong SHI, Zhi-you YUAN. Effects of soil pH on soil carbon， nitrogen， and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in three types of steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(2): 69-81.
[10]	HE Zhou-yao, WANG Yong, SU Zheng-an, YANG Hong-kun, ZHOU Tao. Differences in vegetation community structure in hot-dry valleys in Yunnan Province related to valley stability [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 28-37.
[11]	LI Jing, HONG Mei, YAN Jin, ZHANG Yu-chen, LIANG Zhi-wei, YE He, GAO Hai-yan, ZHAO Bayinnamula. The response of vegetation community structure and biomass in Stipa breviflora desert steppe to water and nitrogen [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 38-48.
[12]	WAN Fang, MENG Zhong-ju, DANG Xiao-hong, WANG Rui-dong, ZHANG Hui-min. C, N and P ecological stoichiometry characteristics of a Stipa species plant-soil system subject to grazing exclusion in a desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 49-55.
[13]	SUN Shi-xian, DING Yong, LI Xia-zi, WU Xin-hong, YAN Zhi-jian, YIN Qiang, LI Jin-zhuo. Effects of seasonal regulation of grazing intensity on soil erosion in desert steppe grassland [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 23-29.
[14]	ZHAN Jin-shun, YANG Qun, HU Yao, WU Yan-ping, HUO Jun-hong. Effects of dietary concentration:roughage ratio on rumen fermentation and flora population structure in Hu sheep [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 122-130.
[15]	LI Zhi-long, LUO Chao-yue, QIU Hui-zhen, FU Xiao, DENG De-lei, ZHANG Chun-hong, SHEN Qi-rong. Effects of continuous nitrogen application on bacterial community structure and denitrification in the rhizosphere of potato [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(6): 105-116.