Effects of biochar addition on nutrient levels and humus and its components in dry farmland soils on the Loess Plateau

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020563

Abstract

Abstract:

Severe soil erosion in the Loess Plateau leads to a significant decrease in some soil nutrients and quality. Biochar can increase crop yield and soil biological activity， so it is widely used in soil improvement. However， it is not clear whether biomass charcoal can improve the physical and chemical properties of loessial soil by improving soil nutrient levels， and humus composition and content. This study investigates this question for a loessial soil on the Loess Plateau. The research was conducted at the Dry Farming Experiment Station of Gansu Agricultural University. A four-year field trial was set up with six biomass charcoal addition levels （0， 10， 20， 30， 40， 50 t·ha^-1） to determine the changes in soil nutrient levels， organic carbon components， combined humus composition and composition. It was found that addition of biochar at a rate of 20 t·ha^-1 or above significantly increased the soil heavy fraction organic carbon （HFOC）， light fraction organic carbon （LFOC）， organic matter and total nitrogen contents. Biochar addition had no significant effect on soil total phosphorus or potassium levels， but addition of biochar at 10 t·ha^-1 significantly increased soil available phosphorus and decreased available potassium. This effect was progressively reversed as the rate of biochar increased and the addition of biochar at 60 t·ha^-1 significantly increased the available potassium content but tended to reduce the available phosphorus content. When biochar was added at 20 t·ha^-1 and above， the content of soil loose combined humus （LCH） was increased by 47.50%-65.83% （P<0.05）； When biochar was added at rates in excess of 30 t·ha^-1， the content of humus constituent fulvic acid （FA） was increased by 78.79%-133.33% （P<0.05）. LFOC， HFOC and LCH were the components that contributed most to the increase of soil total organic carbon following biochar addition. Among these the interpretation rate of LFOC and HFOC to TOC were 72.55% and 89.74% respectively. This research provides increased understanding of the soil chemistry changes after addition of biomass charcoal in soil improvement and fertility improvement in dry farming areas of the Loess Plateau.

Key words: biochar, Loess Plateau, soil nutrient, organic carbon fractions, humic substance

Zhan-dong PAN, Qian-qian MA, Xiao-long CHEN, Li-qun CAI, Xue-mei CAI, Bo DONG, Jun WU, Ren-zhi ZHANG. Effects of biochar addition on nutrient levels and humus and its components in dry farmland soils on the Loess Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(2): 14-24.

Figures/Tables 7

References 56

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因子 Factor	r_yi	P_yi	间接通径系数Indirect impact path coefficient
因子 Factor	r_yi	P_yi	→x₁	→x₂	→x₃	→x₄	→x₅	→x₆	→x₇	→x₈	合计Total
x₁	0.8541**	0.3950		0.2902	0.1837	-0.0078	0.0448	-0.0532	0.0037	-0.0023	0.4591
x₂	0.9472**	0.4490	0.2553		0.2186	0.0147	0.0367	-0.0513	0.0032	0.0211	0.4983
x₃	0.9473**	0.2390	0.3036	0.4106		0.0034	0.0404	-0.0682	0.0036	0.0149	0.7083
x₄	0.1735	0.0380	-0.0810	0.1738	0.0213		-0.0214	0.0151	-0.0007	0.0287	0.1357
x₅	0.7311**	0.0590	0.2998	0.2793	0.1635	-0.0138		-0.0513	0.0039	-0.0095	0.6720
x₆	-0.6698**	0.0850	-0.2471	-0.2711	-0.1917	0.0067	-0.0356		-0.0029	-0.0130	-0.7548
x₇	0.7358**	0.0050	0.2929	0.2881	0.1720	-0.0052	0.0466	-0.0495		-0.0144	0.7305
x₈	0.2874	0.0480	-0.0188	0.1976	0.0744	0.0227	-0.0116	-0.0230	-0.0015		0.2397

因子 Factor	r_yi	P_yi	间接通径系数Indirect impact path coefficient
因子 Factor	r_yi	P_yi	→x₁	→x₂	→x₃	→x₄	→x₅	→x₆	→x₇	→x₈	合计Total
x₁	0.8541**	0.3950		0.2902	0.1837	-0.0078	0.0448	-0.0532	0.0037	-0.0023	0.4591
x₂	0.9472**	0.4490	0.2553		0.2186	0.0147	0.0367	-0.0513	0.0032	0.0211	0.4983
x₃	0.9473**	0.2390	0.3036	0.4106		0.0034	0.0404	-0.0682	0.0036	0.0149	0.7083
x₄	0.1735	0.0380	-0.0810	0.1738	0.0213		-0.0214	0.0151	-0.0007	0.0287	0.1357
x₅	0.7311**	0.0590	0.2998	0.2793	0.1635	-0.0138		-0.0513	0.0039	-0.0095	0.6720
x₆	-0.6698**	0.0850	-0.2471	-0.2711	-0.1917	0.0067	-0.0356		-0.0029	-0.0130	-0.7548
x₇	0.7358**	0.0050	0.2929	0.2881	0.1720	-0.0052	0.0466	-0.0495		-0.0144	0.7305
x₈	0.2874	0.0480	-0.0188	0.1976	0.0744	0.0227	-0.0116	-0.0230	-0.0015		0.2397

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