Effect of manganese sulfate on photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism of cultivated Indian barnyard grass seedlings under saline-alkali stress

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024056

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil salinization reduces plant uptake of manganese， seriously affecting the growth and yield of crops. However， it is unclear if exogenously supplied manganese sulfate can improve crop growth under soda solonetz conditions. In this experiment， two Mn supplementation treatments， manganese sulfate seed soaking and fertilization， were applied to cultivated Indian barnyard grass （Echinochloa frumentacea）， to investigate the physiological response to manganese sulfate of crop seedlings at V5 growth stage under saline-alkali stress. It was found that saline-alkaline stress significantly reduced the chlorophyll content and decreased the optimal/maximal quantum yield of PSⅡ （F_v/F_m） of Indian barnyard grass seedlings. This inhibition affected the performance of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the light response curve and led to a significant decrease in photosynthetic efficiency. Additionally the activities of key enzymes involved in nitrogen assimilation， such as nitrate reductase and glutathione synthetase decreased while the nitrate nitrogen content increased， ultimately this imbalance disrupted the carbon and nitrogen metabolism balance， inhibiting shoot growth. More dry matter was allocated to the roots， resulting in a significant increase in the root∶shoot. For saline-alkali-inhibited seedlings， application of manganese sulfate fertilizer or seed dipping treatment， promoted the development of the root system， enhancing nitrogen absorption ability， and increasing the activity of key enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism. This led to effective accumulation of free amino acids and enhanced overall nitrogen assimilation efficiency in the plant. Additionally， manganese supplementation promoted the accumulation of chlorophyll and carotenoids， increased the F_v/F_m， and improved energy transfer within the photosystem. Consequently， the photosynthetic capacity of crop seedlings under salinity stress was significantly increased， resulting in improved crop growth. Comparing the seed soaking and fertilization treatments， fertilization was more effective in reducing the damage caused by saline-alkali stress and in balancing the overall carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the crop.

Key words: cultivated Indian barnyard grass, soda saline-alkali soil, manganese sulfate, photosynthesis, nitrogen assimilation

Chang-zhuang LIU, Yu-zhao TAO, Ming LI, Xiao-ming ZHANG. Effect of manganese sulfate on photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism of cultivated Indian barnyard grass seedlings under saline-alkali stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(12): 84-98.

Figures/Tables 16

Table 1 Soil basic fertility

土壤类型

Soil type

全氮

Total nitrogen

（g·kg^-1）

碱解氮

Alkali-hydrolyzable

nitrogen （mg·kg^-1）

有效磷

Available phosphorous

（mg·kg^-1）

速效钾

Available potassium （mg·kg^-1）

有机质

Organic matter

（%）

苏打盐碱土Soda saline-alkali soil （S）

Table 2 Trace element content in soils

土壤类型Soil type	Na （mg·g^-1）	Ca （mg·g^-1）	Mg （mg·g^-1）	Mn （mg·kg^-1）	Cu （mg·kg^-1）	Zn （mg·kg^-1）
黑土Dark soil	4.25	2.481	9.953	926.673	29.906	121.553
苏打盐碱土Soda saline-alkali soil	11.24	9.641	10.255	718.460	24.094	90.323

Table 3 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on the aboveground growth of cultivated barnyardgrass

处理Treatment	株高Plant height （cm）	叶面积Leaf area （cm²）	干物质重Dry weight （g·plant^-1）	根冠比Root/shoot
H-SF	58.73±0.66Aa	111.64±8.10Aa	0.356±0.01Ba	0.147±0.00Db
H-CK	53.20±1.77Bb	84.16±0.98Bb	0.309±0.00Dc	0.163±0.00Db
H-JZ	51.40±1.64Bb	90.42±5.43Bb	0.333±0.01Cb	0.276±0.01CDa
S- SF	56.40±0.65Aa	87.66±1.64Ba	0.495±0.01Aa	0.338±0.02Cc
S-CK	27.97±0.42Cb	38.08±3.10Cb	0.177±0.01Eb	0.657±0.06Bb
S-JZ	25.90±0.22Cc	32.57±2.37Cb	0.162±0.01Eb	1.414±0.09Aa

Table 4 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on the root growth of cultivated barnyardgrass

处理 Treatment	干物质重 Dry weight （g·plant^-1）	根长 Root length （cm）	根表面积 Root surface area （cm²）	根体积 Root volume （cm³）	根平均直径 Root average diameter （mm）
H-SF	0.05±0.00Eb	293.12±6.36Cb	58.93±4.47Bb	1.17±0.05Ba	0.65±0.01Aa
H-CK	0.05±0.00Eb	246.74±26.19Dc	38.88±2.43Cc	0.64±0.08Cb	0.52±0.02BCb
H-JZ	0.09±0.01Da	414.33±11.52Ba	75.56±5.60ABa	1.39±0.12ABa	0.60±0.02ABa
S-SF	0.17±0.01Bb	435.90±18.31Bb	69.13±7.14ABb	1.35±0.14ABa	0.46±0.02Cb
S-CK	0.12±0.01Cc	321.24±9.18Cc	48.32±3.49Cc	0.73±0.01Cb	0.60±0.06ABa
S-JZ	0.23±0.01Aa	517.76±17.47Aa	84.22±10.70Aa	1.59±0.14Aa	0.63±0.04Aa

Fig.1 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on chlorophyll in cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.2 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on carotenoids content in cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.3 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on gas exchange parameters of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.4 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on Fv/Fm of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.5 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on Y（Ⅱ）， ETR， NPQ and qP in cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.6 Correlation analysis of photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters and growth indices of cultivated barnyardgrass under black soil and soda saline-alkali soil

Fig.7 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on NR， GS， NADH-GDH， and Fd-GOGAT activities of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.8 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on the GOT and GPT activities of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.9 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on the total nitrogen content of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.10 Manganese fertilizer and seed soaking treatment on nitrate nitrogen， glutamate， glutamine and amino acid contents of cultivated barnyardgrass

Fig.11 Correlation analysis of nitrogen metabolism related indexes and growth indexes of cultivated barnyardgrass under black soil and soda saline-alkali soil

Fig.12 Manganese sulfate improves photosynthetic and nitrogen metabolism of cultivated barnyard grass under saline-alkali stress

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