Functional characterization of the role of SbER10_X1 in regulating photosynthesis and biomass of sorghum forage

doi:10.11686/cyxb2022173

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to functionally analyze SbER10_X1 in terms of its role in regulating the photosynthesis and biomass of sorghum. We generated SbERex lines overexpressing the sorghum SbER10_X1 gene and SbERin lines with the target gene silenced. From the transgenic lines， we selected SbERex 5 and SbERin 6 line for observations of stem cell size， determination of phytohormone contents in the main stems， analyses of photosynthesis-related parameters， and measurement of biomass-related traits in 2 consecutive years， and compared these attributes with those of the wild type （WT）. Compared with the WT， SbERex 5 showed a higher gibberellin content in the stem and markedly decreased abscisic acid content， leading to a significant enlargement of stem cells and increased plant height. The SbERin 6 line showed a significantly reduced gibberellin content and increased abscisic acid content in the stem， but the stem cell size was unchanged. Compared with the WT， the SbERex 5 line showed significantly increased photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency， which contributed to significant increases in plant height， number of tillers， leaf area， grain yield， and biomass per plant. All these characteristics showed slightly lower values in SbERin 6 than in WT. These results suggest that SbER10_X1 affects phytohormone synthesis， increases sorghum cell size， enhances photosynthetic capacity， and effectively improves the biomass production of forage sorghum.

Key words: sorghum, SbER10_X1 gene, photosynthesis, biomass, phytohormones

Jia-cheng ZHENG, Jie YU, Fan LI, Xiao-yi HUANG, Jie-qin LI, Hai-zhou CHEN, Xin WANG, Qiu-wen ZHAN, Zhao-shi XU. Functional characterization of the role of SbER10_X1 in regulating photosynthesis and biomass of sorghum forage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(4): 91-100.

Figures/Tables 7

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株系Line	生长素IAA	脱落酸ABA	赤霉素GA₃
WT	3.49±0.14a	3.16±0.07b	0.24±0.01b
SbERex 5	3.26±0.08a	2.38±0.08c	0.39±0.00a
SbERin 6	3.58±0.20a	10.95±0.08a	0.18±0.00c

株系Line	生长素IAA	脱落酸ABA	赤霉素GA₃
WT	3.49±0.14a	3.16±0.07b	0.24±0.01b
SbERex 5	3.26±0.08a	2.38±0.08c	0.39±0.00a
SbERin 6	3.58±0.20a	10.95±0.08a	0.18±0.00c

指标 Index	株系 Lines	年份 Year		变异系数 Coefficient of variation
指标 Index	株系 Lines	2020	2021	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
株高 Plant height （cm）	WT	131.37±3.51b	132.13±2.65b	0.41
	SbERex 5	156.31±3.14a	154.54±1.53a	0.81
	SbERin 6	120.16±2.08c	116.73±3.51c	3.21
叶面积 Leaf area （cm²）	WT	212.52±7.00b	207.63±15.40b	1.65
	SbERex 5	232.79±10.70a	231.94±18.15a	0.26
	SbERin 6	195.46±12.06b	197.71±10.90b	0.85
分蘖数 Tiller number	WT	4.60±1.00b	4.80±1.00b	2.63
	SbERex 5	7.60±1.15a	8.00±0.58a	3.63
	SbERin 6	4.40±0.58b	4.30±0.58b	1.63
主茎粗 Main stem diameter （mm）	WT	28.91±2.12a	27.89±1.65a	2.54
	SbERex 5	30.95±1.34a	30.71±2.00a	0.55
	SbERin 6	28.33±3.82a	28.97±4.99a	1.58
主茎穗长 Main stem spike length （cm）	WT	32.17±1.53a	32.32±0.58a	0.33
	SbERex 5	33.42±2.08a	32.67±1.53a	1.60
	SbERin 6	31.11±1.15a	30.38±1.16a	1.68
单株产量 Yield per plant （g·plant^-1）	WT	31.36±3.84b	31.27±3.80b	0.20
	SbERex 5	39.02±3.48a	39.30±3.50a	0.51
	SbERin 6	29.52±1.14b	29.53±1.15b	0.02
单株生物量 Biomass per plant （g·plant^-1）	WT	386.35±20.40b	382.45±35.90b	0.72
	SbERex 5	576.38±5.93a	574.74±7.07a	0.20
	SbERin 6	373.19±13.47b	372.99±13.55b	0.04

指标 Index	株系 Lines	年份 Year		变异系数 Coefficient of variation
指标 Index	株系 Lines	2020	2021	变异系数 Coefficient of variation
株高 Plant height （cm）	WT	131.37±3.51b	132.13±2.65b	0.41
	SbERex 5	156.31±3.14a	154.54±1.53a	0.81
	SbERin 6	120.16±2.08c	116.73±3.51c	3.21
叶面积 Leaf area （cm²）	WT	212.52±7.00b	207.63±15.40b	1.65
	SbERex 5	232.79±10.70a	231.94±18.15a	0.26
	SbERin 6	195.46±12.06b	197.71±10.90b	0.85
分蘖数 Tiller number	WT	4.60±1.00b	4.80±1.00b	2.63
	SbERex 5	7.60±1.15a	8.00±0.58a	3.63
	SbERin 6	4.40±0.58b	4.30±0.58b	1.63
主茎粗 Main stem diameter （mm）	WT	28.91±2.12a	27.89±1.65a	2.54
	SbERex 5	30.95±1.34a	30.71±2.00a	0.55
	SbERin 6	28.33±3.82a	28.97±4.99a	1.58
主茎穗长 Main stem spike length （cm）	WT	32.17±1.53a	32.32±0.58a	0.33
	SbERex 5	33.42±2.08a	32.67±1.53a	1.60
	SbERin 6	31.11±1.15a	30.38±1.16a	1.68
单株产量 Yield per plant （g·plant^-1）	WT	31.36±3.84b	31.27±3.80b	0.20
	SbERex 5	39.02±3.48a	39.30±3.50a	0.51
	SbERin 6	29.52±1.14b	29.53±1.15b	0.02
单株生物量 Biomass per plant （g·plant^-1）	WT	386.35±20.40b	382.45±35.90b	0.72
	SbERex 5	576.38±5.93a	574.74±7.07a	0.20
	SbERin 6	373.19±13.47b	372.99±13.55b	0.04

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