Effects of nitrogen addition on soil microbial nutrient limitation characteristics in grassland in the Loess Hilly Region

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024146

Abstract

Abstract:

Increasing atmospheric nitrogen deposition is affecting the soil nutrient balance. This may result in decreased nutrient availability to soil microbes. However， the effect of nitrogen deposition on the characteristics of nutrient limitation for soil microbes in grassland in the Loess Hilly Region is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen deposition on soil microbial nutrient limitation in this region. A field-based controlled experiment simulating nitrogen deposition was conducted， and the soil microbial biomass， nutrient-transforming enzyme activities， and soil physicochemical properties were determined. This allowed us to elucidate the characteristics of nutrient limitation for grassland soil microorganisms， and its influencing factors， under different nitrogen addition levels. The results showed that nitrogen addition led to a decrease in soil pH， and altered the soil nutrient balance. More specifically， nitrogen addition increased the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents， but did not significantly affect the total phosphorus content. In addition， nitrogen addition enhanced the contents of soil available nutrients， with a greater increase in the available phosphorus content than in the soluble carbon and mineral nitrogen contents. This resulted in a relative shortage of carbon and nitrogen as available nutrients. Notably， the soil microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities decreased under low nitrogen addition but increased under high nitrogen addition. Further analyses using an enzyme stoichiometric model indicated that with increasing amounts of nitrogen addition， nitrogen limitation for soil microorganisms was intensified， while carbon limitation was alleviated. Microbial carbon limitation also affected the microbial carbon utilization efficiency. The imbalance of soil total and available nutrients caused by nitrogen addition jointly affected the characteristics of nutrient limitation for soil microorganisms by regulating microbial biomass and enzyme activity. In conclusion， these findings provide new information about the characteristics of soil nutrient cycling in grassland as affected by increasing nitrogen deposition.

Key words: nitrogen deposition, grassland, nutrient limitation, extracellular enzyme activity, nutrient use efficiency

Yun-huan JIA, Wen-ying HU, Jian DENG, Xue ZHAO, Zi-yue CHEN, Ya-nan WANG, Jiang-wen LI, Xiao-xi ZHANG. Effects of nitrogen addition on soil microbial nutrient limitation characteristics in grassland in the Loess Hilly Region[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(2): 221-232.

Figures/Tables 5

References 47

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指标 Index	N₀	N₁	N₂	N₃	N₄
pH	8.57±0.02a	8.51±0.03ab	8.43±0.05bc	8.44±0.02bc	8.35±0.02c
有机碳Soil organic carbon （SOC， g·kg^-1）	3.82±0.29ab	3.24±0.26bc	2.49±0.06c	3.05±0.18bc	4.08±0.12a
全氮Total nitrogen （TN， g·kg^-1）	0.52±0.01b	0.46±0.01bc	0.40±0.01c	0.51±0.01b	0.66±0.03a
全磷Total phosphorus （TP， g·kg^-1）	0.58±0.01a	0.58±0.01a	0.57±0.01a	0.55±0.02a	0.61±0.03a
微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon （MBC， mg·kg^-1）	102.43±8.44ab	76.90±3.14b	49.82±4.11c	99.87±5.96ab	120.98±8.90a
微生物生物量氮Microbial biomass nitrogen （MBN， mg·kg^-1）	20.07±1.67bc	15.21±0.59cd	14.08±0.68d	24.99±1.69ab	27.75±1.60a
微生物生物量磷Microbial biomass phosphorus （MBP， mg·kg^-1）	3.93±0.38b	3.21±0.12b	3.30±0.16b	5.17±0.10a	5.57±0.12a
β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶β-1，4-glucosidase （BG， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	23.83±2.33ab	19.73±1.06b	13.42±0.87c	20.12±0.84b	28.51±0.47a
β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶β-1，4-acetyl-glucosaminidase （NAG， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	4.16±0.67b	4.17±0.58b	3.90±0.70b	7.22±0.93ab	10.30±1.07a
亮氨酸氨基肽酶L-leucine aminopeptidase （LAP， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	18.24±0.93b	17.58±0.13b	12.89±0.85c	16.97±1.18b	27.48±0.45a
碱性磷酸酶Alkaline phosphatase （ALP， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	41.92±4.13ab	39.30±2.29ab	32.98±2.65b	39.73±4.19ab	46.72±1.38a
可溶性有机碳Soluble organic carbon （DOC， mg·kg^-1）	220.41±5.82a	227.23±9.03a	227.76±5.89a	242.25±10.78a	240.86±2.88a
铵态氮Ammonium nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N， mg·kg^-1）	4.27±0.45a	3.94±0.29a	5.97±1.23a	5.12±1.06a	5.03±1.45a
硝态氮Nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N， mg·kg^-1）	4.57±0.14a	3.48±0.26bc	2.82±0.19c	3.71±0.24ab	4.30±0.22ab
速效磷Available phosphorus （AP， mg·kg^-1）	4.89±0.47b	5.75±0.11ab	6.53±1.01ab	7.52±0.78a	7.75±0.40a
土壤碳氮比Soil C∶N	8.56±1.60a	8.29±1.91a	7.21±0.45a	7.00±0.81a	7.23±1.08a
土壤碳磷比 Soil C∶P	17.13±3.21a	14.52±2.80ab	11.30±0.68b	14.33±2.66ab	17.49±2.61a
土壤氮磷比Soil N∶P	2.00±0.09b	1.76±0.09c	1.57±0.17c	2.04±0.17b	2.42±0.12a
速效碳氮比Soil A_C∶N	25.35±4.59a	30.61±1.42a	27.75±9.02a	27.85±3.34a	27.92±8.48a
速效碳磷比Soil A_C∶P	46.67±11.62a	39.61±4.74a	37.41±12.27a	33.36±8.68a	31.39±4.00a
速效氮磷比Soil A_N∶P	1.83±0.13a	1.29±0.13a	1.53±0.88a	1.21±0.38a	1.24±0.60a

指标 Index	N₀	N₁	N₂	N₃	N₄
pH	8.57±0.02a	8.51±0.03ab	8.43±0.05bc	8.44±0.02bc	8.35±0.02c
有机碳Soil organic carbon （SOC， g·kg^-1）	3.82±0.29ab	3.24±0.26bc	2.49±0.06c	3.05±0.18bc	4.08±0.12a
全氮Total nitrogen （TN， g·kg^-1）	0.52±0.01b	0.46±0.01bc	0.40±0.01c	0.51±0.01b	0.66±0.03a
全磷Total phosphorus （TP， g·kg^-1）	0.58±0.01a	0.58±0.01a	0.57±0.01a	0.55±0.02a	0.61±0.03a
微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon （MBC， mg·kg^-1）	102.43±8.44ab	76.90±3.14b	49.82±4.11c	99.87±5.96ab	120.98±8.90a
微生物生物量氮Microbial biomass nitrogen （MBN， mg·kg^-1）	20.07±1.67bc	15.21±0.59cd	14.08±0.68d	24.99±1.69ab	27.75±1.60a
微生物生物量磷Microbial biomass phosphorus （MBP， mg·kg^-1）	3.93±0.38b	3.21±0.12b	3.30±0.16b	5.17±0.10a	5.57±0.12a
β-1，4-葡萄糖苷酶β-1，4-glucosidase （BG， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	23.83±2.33ab	19.73±1.06b	13.42±0.87c	20.12±0.84b	28.51±0.47a
β-1，4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶β-1，4-acetyl-glucosaminidase （NAG， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	4.16±0.67b	4.17±0.58b	3.90±0.70b	7.22±0.93ab	10.30±1.07a
亮氨酸氨基肽酶L-leucine aminopeptidase （LAP， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	18.24±0.93b	17.58±0.13b	12.89±0.85c	16.97±1.18b	27.48±0.45a
碱性磷酸酶Alkaline phosphatase （ALP， nmol·g^-1·h^-1）	41.92±4.13ab	39.30±2.29ab	32.98±2.65b	39.73±4.19ab	46.72±1.38a
可溶性有机碳Soluble organic carbon （DOC， mg·kg^-1）	220.41±5.82a	227.23±9.03a	227.76±5.89a	242.25±10.78a	240.86±2.88a
铵态氮Ammonium nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N， mg·kg^-1）	4.27±0.45a	3.94±0.29a	5.97±1.23a	5.12±1.06a	5.03±1.45a
硝态氮Nitrate nitrogen （NO₃^--N， mg·kg^-1）	4.57±0.14a	3.48±0.26bc	2.82±0.19c	3.71±0.24ab	4.30±0.22ab
速效磷Available phosphorus （AP， mg·kg^-1）	4.89±0.47b	5.75±0.11ab	6.53±1.01ab	7.52±0.78a	7.75±0.40a
土壤碳氮比Soil C∶N	8.56±1.60a	8.29±1.91a	7.21±0.45a	7.00±0.81a	7.23±1.08a
土壤碳磷比 Soil C∶P	17.13±3.21a	14.52±2.80ab	11.30±0.68b	14.33±2.66ab	17.49±2.61a
土壤氮磷比Soil N∶P	2.00±0.09b	1.76±0.09c	1.57±0.17c	2.04±0.17b	2.42±0.12a
速效碳氮比Soil A_C∶N	25.35±4.59a	30.61±1.42a	27.75±9.02a	27.85±3.34a	27.92±8.48a
速效碳磷比Soil A_C∶P	46.67±11.62a	39.61±4.74a	37.41±12.27a	33.36±8.68a	31.39±4.00a
速效氮磷比Soil A_N∶P	1.83±0.13a	1.29±0.13a	1.53±0.88a	1.21±0.38a	1.24±0.60a

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