Soil pH distribution characteristics and environmental factors influencing it in sandy desert grassland in the Junggar Basin

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024335

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics of soil pH and the factors affecting it in sandy desert grassland in the Junggar Basin. First， 136 sample plots were selected and established by a route survey combined with a typical sample plot layout， and the pH of soil samples collected from 0 to 100 cm depth in each plot was measured. Environmental factors such as temperature， vegetation cover， and species richness were determined， and meteorological data were collected. The factors affecting the spatial variation of soil pH were explored on the basis of the environmental and meteorological data and “3S” technology， using one-way ANOVA， geostatistical analysis， and geographical detectors drawing on a range of remote sensing data and analytical tools. The results showed the range of soil pH in each soil layer from 0 to 100 cm was 8.54-8.76， and the average value was 8.66. The soil pH showed an upward trend as the soil depth increased. The soil pH of the small arbor group （8.71） was 1.02 times that of the shrub group （8.54） and 1.01 times that of the subshrub group （8.59）（P<0.05）. Analyses of soil pH distribution showed that alkaline soil （pH 7.5-8.5） was mainly distributed in the northern part of Jimunai County， the southern part of Fuhai County， and the northern part of Karamay City around the Junggar Basi， and strongly alkaline soil （pH>8.5） was mainly distributed in Fukang City， Hutubi County， Manas County， Fuyun County， and other areas. Semi-variance variation analysis showed that the nugget effect of the optimal model of soil pH in the 0-100 cm soil layer was 49.91%， indicating that its spatial variation was affected by both structural factors and random factors. Geographic detector analysis showed that the main environmental factors contributing to the spatial variation of soil pH were mean average temperature （0.159）， vegetation coverage （0.152）， snow water equivalent （0.085）， root soil moisture （0.076）， and species richness index （0.066）. The results of this study add new information about the distribution of soil pH to the database for sandy desert grassland in Junggar Basin， and reveal the main factors contributing to variations in soil pH. These findings provide a theoretical basis for sandy desert management and ecological restoration.

Key words: soil pH, spatial distribution, sandy desert meadows, Junggar Basin, geographical detectors

Yi-sheng JING, Zong-jiu SUN, Hui-xia LIU, Didaer·Bisulidan, Mei-sha LI, Chen-ye ZHOU, Lei ZHOU, Bing-jie YU, You-zheng LI, Li ZHENG, Asitaiken·Julihaiti. Soil pH distribution characteristics and environmental factors influencing it in sandy desert grassland in the Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(7): 54-68.

Figures/Tables 7

References 55

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土层 Soil layer （cm）	模型 Model	块金值 Nugget value （C₀）	基台值 Abutment value （C₀+C）	块金效应 Nugget effect ［C₀/（C₀+C），%］	变程 Range （km）	决定系数 Coefficient of determination （R²）	残差 Residuals （RSS）
0~5	指数Index	0.211	0.474	44.618	488.100	0.918	3.247×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.235	0.417	56.256	210.817	0.899	4.026×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.255	0.510	49.902	345.025	0.858	5.920×10^-3
	球状Globosity	0.022	0.338	6.509	19.200	0.190	0.0322
5~10	指数Index	0.307	0.751	40.879	1141.200	0.823	7.837×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.318	0.503	63.254	210.817	0.826	7.709×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.071	0.419	16.945	12.817	0.063	0.0415
	球状Globosity	0.043	0.419	10.263	15.000	0.063	0.0415
10~20	指数Index	0.300	0.600	49.917	502.200	0.923	3.696×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.329	0.528	62.340	210.817	0.887	5.403×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.067	0.444	15.090	16.281	0.268	0.0351
	球状Globosity	0.036	0.444	8.108	19.400	0.268	0.0351
20~30	指数Index	0.306	0.678	45.133	633.300	0.945	3.201×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.330	0.555	59.400	210.817	0.938	3.583×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.065	0.458	14.192	15.935	0.216	0.0456
	球状Globosity	0.033	0.458	7.205	18.900	0.216	0.0456
30~50	指数Index	0.346	0.750	46.133	835.200	0.881	6.271×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.362	0.571	63.465	210.817	0.885	6.040×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.078	0.483	16.149	16.628	0.321	6.271×10^-3
	球状Globosity	0.040	0.483	8.282	19.900	0.321	0.0358
50~70	指数Index	0.010	0.400	2.500	15.600	0.999	4.422×10^-6
	线性Linear	0.349	0.412	84.529	65.494	0.640	9.083×10^-4
	高斯Gauss	0.029	0.400	7.250	12.644	0.996	1.102×10^-5
	球状Globosity	0.001	0.400	0.250	14.900	0.996	1.057×10^-5
70~100	指数Index	0.019	0.447	4.251	32.100	0.980	4.325×10^-4
	线性Linear	0.296	0.471	62.809	65.555	0.600	8.061×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.030	0.437	6.865	18.360	0.996	8.989×10^-5
	球状Globosity	0.002	0.437	0.458	22.800	0.995	8.989×10^-5
0~100	指数Index	0.264	0.530	49.906	543.300	0.910	3.099×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.290	0.456	63.680	210.817	0.873	4.293×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.700	0.388	18.040	18.706	0.482	0.0180
	球状Globosity	0.029	0.388	7.470	22.300	0.481	0.0180

土层 Soil layer （cm）	模型 Model	块金值 Nugget value （C₀）	基台值 Abutment value （C₀+C）	块金效应 Nugget effect ［C₀/（C₀+C），%］	变程 Range （km）	决定系数 Coefficient of determination （R²）	残差 Residuals （RSS）
0~5	指数Index	0.211	0.474	44.618	488.100	0.918	3.247×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.235	0.417	56.256	210.817	0.899	4.026×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.255	0.510	49.902	345.025	0.858	5.920×10^-3
	球状Globosity	0.022	0.338	6.509	19.200	0.190	0.0322
5~10	指数Index	0.307	0.751	40.879	1141.200	0.823	7.837×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.318	0.503	63.254	210.817	0.826	7.709×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.071	0.419	16.945	12.817	0.063	0.0415
	球状Globosity	0.043	0.419	10.263	15.000	0.063	0.0415
10~20	指数Index	0.300	0.600	49.917	502.200	0.923	3.696×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.329	0.528	62.340	210.817	0.887	5.403×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.067	0.444	15.090	16.281	0.268	0.0351
	球状Globosity	0.036	0.444	8.108	19.400	0.268	0.0351
20~30	指数Index	0.306	0.678	45.133	633.300	0.945	3.201×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.330	0.555	59.400	210.817	0.938	3.583×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.065	0.458	14.192	15.935	0.216	0.0456
	球状Globosity	0.033	0.458	7.205	18.900	0.216	0.0456
30~50	指数Index	0.346	0.750	46.133	835.200	0.881	6.271×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.362	0.571	63.465	210.817	0.885	6.040×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.078	0.483	16.149	16.628	0.321	6.271×10^-3
	球状Globosity	0.040	0.483	8.282	19.900	0.321	0.0358
50~70	指数Index	0.010	0.400	2.500	15.600	0.999	4.422×10^-6
	线性Linear	0.349	0.412	84.529	65.494	0.640	9.083×10^-4
	高斯Gauss	0.029	0.400	7.250	12.644	0.996	1.102×10^-5
	球状Globosity	0.001	0.400	0.250	14.900	0.996	1.057×10^-5
70~100	指数Index	0.019	0.447	4.251	32.100	0.980	4.325×10^-4
	线性Linear	0.296	0.471	62.809	65.555	0.600	8.061×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.030	0.437	6.865	18.360	0.996	8.989×10^-5
	球状Globosity	0.002	0.437	0.458	22.800	0.995	8.989×10^-5
0~100	指数Index	0.264	0.530	49.906	543.300	0.910	3.099×10^-3
	线性Linear	0.290	0.456	63.680	210.817	0.873	4.293×10^-3
	高斯Gauss	0.700	0.388	18.040	18.706	0.482	0.0180
	球状Globosity	0.029	0.388	7.470	22.300	0.481	0.0180

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