Isolation and identification of pathogenic Fusarium spp. causing maize ear rot and analysis of their toxin-producing genotype in Heilongjiang Province

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019198

Abstract

Abstract: The present study was designed to systematically elucidate the main pathogenic Fusarium species causing maize ear rot and their distribution characteristics in Heilongjiang Province, and then formulate scientifically based and practical control measures for maize ear rot, so as to control mycotoxin occurrence in maize kernels. A total of 143 samples of maize cobs displaying ear rot were collected in 21 maize-producing areas in Heilongjiang Province in 2018. Fusarium spp. were isolated by the seed health test method and then identified by morphology and molecular characteristics. A total of 200 Fusarium isolates were obtained and 12 Fusarium species were identified and confirmed. The isolation frequency of F. graminearum and F. verticillioides was 33.00% and 16.00% respectively, followed by F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum, F. boothii, F. temperatum, F. andiyazi, F. incarnatum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae, F. commune and F. asiaticum, with isolation rates of 13.00%, 13.00%, 12.50%, 7.50%, 2.50%, 2.00%, 1.00%, 1.00%, 1.00% and 0.50%, respectively. Toxin genotype analyses showed that F. asiaticum belong to the NIV-producing type, whereas F. graminearum and F. boothii contained three kinds of genotypes, among which 15-AcDON was the most abundant, followed by 3-AcDON, and the NIV type was the least common. The key fumonisin-producing fum1 gene was found in F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, F. subglutinans, F. andiyazi, F. incarnatum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae, while F. temperatum and F. commune did not carry the fum1 gene. The diversity of Fusarium species causing maize ear rot in Heilongjiang was relatively rich, F. graminearum and F. verticillioides were the predominant pathogens, and F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum and F. boothii were distributed relative widely, while F. temperatum and F. andiyazi had a relatively small distribution range. In this study, F. sporotrichioides, F. incarnatum, F. poae and F. commune were isolated from diseased maize ears in Heilongjiang Province for the first time. This study enhanced knowledge about the species of Fusarium causing maize ear rot in Heilongjiang.

Key words: maize, ear rot, Fusarium spp., toxin producing genotype

WANG Bao-bao, BI Si-gang, XIAO Ming-gang, ZHANG Dong-ying, YAN Qiang, ZHANG Yan-yan, YANG Shu-long, ZHU Zhen-dong, DUAN Can-xing. Isolation and identification of pathogenic Fusarium spp. causing maize ear rot and analysis of their toxin-producing genotype in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(1): 163-174.

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