Genetic diversity analysis and multivariate evaluation of agronomic traits of 50 oat germplasm lines in northwest Sichuan

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020062

Abstract

Abstract: This research aimed to objectively evaluate the genetic diversity of agronomic traits in 50 oat germplasm accessions. Twenty seven agronomic traits were evaluated; a morphological diversity index was calculated for each of them; and correlation, cluster and principal component analyses were performed for 16 selected quantitative traits among them. It was found that the trait with the highest genetic diversity index was panicle length (H'=2.04), and the highest coefficient of variation (63.36%) was for vegetative tiller number. The yield of fresh grass, hay yield, plant height, tiller number, and a number of other traits showed a very significant positive correlation (P<0.01). Cluster analysis divided the 50 oat germplasm accessions into four major groups. Group Ⅰ was characterized by high grass yield and plant height, a greater number of internodes and spikelets, and sturdy stems. This group was considered to provide excellent parent material for breeding projects involving multiple target traits. Group Ⅱ comprised mid-late maturing germplasm, without obvious beneficial traits. Group Ⅲ comprised medium-value germplasm, with potential for breeding high for yield and tillering ability. Group Ⅳ included late flowering germplasm, with heavier stems, which would provide excellent parent material for breeding lodging resistant varieties. The principal component analysis reduced the 16 analyzed traits to 4 principal components which cumulatively explained 69.00% of the data variation. The first principal component was closely related to forage yield; for the second principal component, the highest loading coefficient was for vegetative tillers per plant. For the third principal component accessions were primarily differentiated on the number of reproductive branches. The fourth principal component mainly reflected the number of stem nodes. Tin summary, the 50 evaluated oat germplasm accessions introduced from northwestern Sichuan and from abroad, have wide genetic diversity. Multivariate evaluation of measured traits indicated that accessions ‘Golden Yellow', ‘Lightning', ‘Golden Rain Ⅱ', and ‘Bambull Ⅱ' can be used as parents to improve local oat varieties.

Key words: oat, germplasm resources, genetic diversity, cluster analysis, principal component analysis

LEI Xiong, YOU Ming-hong, BAI Shi-qie, CHEN Li-li, DENG Pei-hua, XIONG Yi, XIONG Yan-li, YU Qing-qing, MA Xiao, YANG Jian, ZHANG Chang-bing. Genetic diversity analysis and multivariate evaluation of agronomic traits of 50 oat germplasm lines in northwest Sichuan[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 131-142.

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