Effects of acid stress on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and root antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019466

Abstract

Abstract: This research aimed to elucidate the tolerance of Prunella vulgaris seedlings to acid environments. Hoagland nutrient solutions with a range of pH values (pH=4.5, 4.0, 3.5, 3.0) were used to simulate environmental acid stress, and the effects of acid stress on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and root antioxidant activity were studied. It was found that at lower pH the quantum efficiency of PSⅡ electron transfer (φE_o) in leaves of P. vulgaris decreased, while a number of other fluorescence parameters increased, including: the variable fluorescence F_k to the amplitude F_j-F_o (W_K), relative variable fluorescence at J step (V_J), QA- maximum rate of reduction (dV/dt_o). The absorption flux per reaction center (ABS/RC), trapped energy flux per RC (TR_o/RC) and dissipated energy flux per RC (DI_o/RC) increased, but electron transport flux per RC (ET_o/RC) decreased gradually. The maximum quantum yield of PSⅡ (F_v/F_m), the photosynthetic index based on absorption basis (PI_abs), the maximum PSⅠ redox activity (ΔI/I_o), and the coordination of photosystem between Ⅰ and Ⅱ (Φ_PSⅠ/PSⅡ) all decreased under acid stress. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in roots decreased, but the activity of ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX) in roots increased on initial exposure to acid stress and then decreased. The soluble sugar and proline concentrations in leaves of P. vulgaris increased with the decrease in pH value. In summary, the PSⅡ reaction center of P. vulgaris was damaged, the electron transfer was blocked, the photosystem performance and the coordination of photosystem between Ⅰ and Ⅱ were reduced under acid stress, and the activities of SOD and POD in roots were inhibited, the latter being most obvious in the pH 3.0 treatment. P. vulgaris was able to reduce the damage to the photosynthetic mechanism by increasing the heat dissipation capacity of unit reaction center, and reduce the damage caused by acid stress by increasing the APX activity in roots and the concentration of osmolytes in leaves.

Key words: Prunella vulgaris, photosystem, acid stress, antioxidant enzymes, chlorophyll fluorescence

ZHANG Li-xia, CHANG Qing-shan, XUE Xian, LIU Wei, ZHANG Qiao-ming, CHEN Su-dan, ZHENG Yi-qi, LI Jing-lin, CHEN Wan-dong, LI Da-zhao. Effects of acid stress on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and root antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(8): 134-142.

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