Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 122-132.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020256
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Shi-yu ZOU1(), Si-kui CHEN1, Qi-yuan TANG2, Dong CHEN1(), Yuan-wei CHEN2, Pan DENG1, Xu-lai HUANG1, Fu-qiang LI3
Received:
2020-06-02
Revised:
2020-11-23
Online:
2021-07-20
Published:
2021-06-03
Contact:
Dong CHEN
Shi-yu ZOU, Si-kui CHEN, Qi-yuan TANG, Dong CHEN, Yuan-wei CHEN, Pan DENG, Xu-lai HUANG, Fu-qiang LI. Effects of silage additives on quality and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of first season ratoon rice whole silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(7): 122-132.
项目 Item | 干物质 Dry matter | 粗蛋白质 Crude protein | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | 可溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
含量 Content | 36.49 | 10.07 | 56.32 | 37.62 | 3.33 |
Table 1 Nutrient levels of silage raw materials (air-dry basis, %)
项目 Item | 干物质 Dry matter | 粗蛋白质 Crude protein | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | 可溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
含量 Content | 36.49 | 10.07 | 56.32 | 37.62 | 3.33 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
干物质 Dry matter (%) | 93.74±0.01 | 93.68±0.01 | 94.19±0.01 | 92.82±0.01 |
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (%) | 10.56±0.27 | 10.61±0.20 | 10.50±0.47 | 10.07±0.12 |
粗脂肪 Ether extract (%) | 3.69±0.27 | 3.93±0.04 | 3.83±0.07 | 3.44±0.33 |
总能 Gross energy (MJ·kg-1) | 16.84±0.05a | 16.85±0.04a | 16.81±0.08a | 16.58±0.04b |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 53.84±0.03B | 51.38±0.59C | 54.61±0.06B | 57.82±0.20A |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (%) | 31.29±0.24B | 32.05±0.51B | 30.86±0.53B | 35.12±0.08A |
可溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate (%) | 0.89±0.10 | 0.83±0.01 | 0.86±0.03 | 0.82±0.01 |
总可消化养分 Total digestible nutrient (%) | 64.53±0.18A | 63.94±0.40A | 64.86±0.42A | 61.54±0.06B |
Table 2 Effects of silage additives on nutrients of first season ratoon rice whole silage (air-dry basis)
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
干物质 Dry matter (%) | 93.74±0.01 | 93.68±0.01 | 94.19±0.01 | 92.82±0.01 |
粗蛋白质 Crude protein (%) | 10.56±0.27 | 10.61±0.20 | 10.50±0.47 | 10.07±0.12 |
粗脂肪 Ether extract (%) | 3.69±0.27 | 3.93±0.04 | 3.83±0.07 | 3.44±0.33 |
总能 Gross energy (MJ·kg-1) | 16.84±0.05a | 16.85±0.04a | 16.81±0.08a | 16.58±0.04b |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 53.84±0.03B | 51.38±0.59C | 54.61±0.06B | 57.82±0.20A |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (%) | 31.29±0.24B | 32.05±0.51B | 30.86±0.53B | 35.12±0.08A |
可溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate (%) | 0.89±0.10 | 0.83±0.01 | 0.86±0.03 | 0.82±0.01 |
总可消化养分 Total digestible nutrient (%) | 64.53±0.18A | 63.94±0.40A | 64.86±0.42A | 61.54±0.06B |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
pH | 4.53±0.01 | 4.53±0.01 | 4.56±0.01 | 4.53±0.01 |
乙酸 Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 11.07±0.48a | 12.00±0.02a | 12.75±0.51a | 8.32±1.18b |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 0.66±0.06 | 0.58±0.07 | 0.56±0.01 | 0.73±0.07 |
丁酸 Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 2.47±0.39 | 2.34±0.14 | 2.46±0.53 | 2.85±0.26 |
异戊酸 Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.06±0.01 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 |
正戊酸 Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.03±0.01 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.03±0.02 | 0.02±0.01 |
氨态氮/总氮NH3-N/TN (%) | 25.30±0.44b | 24.01±2.09b | 24.61±1.65b | 35.35±0.71a |
Table 3 Effects of silage additives on quality of first season ratoon rice whole silage
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
pH | 4.53±0.01 | 4.53±0.01 | 4.56±0.01 | 4.53±0.01 |
乙酸 Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 11.07±0.48a | 12.00±0.02a | 12.75±0.51a | 8.32±1.18b |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 0.66±0.06 | 0.58±0.07 | 0.56±0.01 | 0.73±0.07 |
丁酸 Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 2.47±0.39 | 2.34±0.14 | 2.46±0.53 | 2.85±0.26 |
异戊酸 Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.06±0.01 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 | 0.06±0.01 |
正戊酸 Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.03±0.01 | 0.02±0.01 | 0.03±0.02 | 0.02±0.01 |
氨态氮/总氮NH3-N/TN (%) | 25.30±0.44b | 24.01±2.09b | 24.61±1.65b | 35.35±0.71a |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
24 h累积产气量 24 h cumulative GP (mL) | 24.52±0.38B | 27.86±0.48A | 23.30±0.10B | 24.01±0.92B |
产气参数 GP parameters | ||||
a (mL) | -0.24±0.40B | 1.77±0.69A | -1.64±0.11B | -1.81±0.35B |
b (mL) | 27.48±0.43 | 28.69±0.68 | 27.39±0.45 | 26.58±0.54 |
a+b (mL) | 26.69±0.36B | 30.01±0.47A | 24.51±0.18BC | 23.41±2.30C |
c (%·h-1) | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 |
Table 4 Effects of silage additives on 24 h cumulative GP and gas production parameters in vitro of first season ratoon rice whole silage
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
24 h累积产气量 24 h cumulative GP (mL) | 24.52±0.38B | 27.86±0.48A | 23.30±0.10B | 24.01±0.92B |
产气参数 GP parameters | ||||
a (mL) | -0.24±0.40B | 1.77±0.69A | -1.64±0.11B | -1.81±0.35B |
b (mL) | 27.48±0.43 | 28.69±0.68 | 27.39±0.45 | 26.58±0.54 |
a+b (mL) | 26.69±0.36B | 30.01±0.47A | 24.51±0.18BC | 23.41±2.30C |
c (%·h-1) | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 | 0.12±0.01 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
pH | 7.05±0.01B | 7.03±0.01B | 7.11±0.01A | 7.09±0.01A |
乙酸 Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 16.96±1.20b | 20.18±0.42a | 15.97±0.10b | 17.39±0.54b |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 6.21±0.30a | 6.53±0.27a | 4.84±0.02b | 5.28±0.19b |
乙酸/丙酸 Acetate/propionate | 3.20±0.04ab | 3.12±0.03b | 3.28±0.02a | 3.29±0.02a |
丁酸 Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 0.22±0.02 | 0.25±0.01 | 0.21±0.01 | 0.22±0.01 |
异戊酸 Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 1.61±0.13 | 1.70±0.06 | 1.71±0.07 | 1.61±0.01 |
正戊酸 Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.08±0.01 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 |
总挥发性脂肪酸 Total volatile fatty acid (mmol·L-1) | 27.21±1.83 | 28.12±0.82 | 23.03±0.14 | 23.81±0.13 |
氨态氮 NH3-N (mg·dL-1) | 2.35±0.02b | 4.10±0.42a | 2.68±0.27b | 2.64±0.10b |
Table 5 Effects of silage additives on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics of first season ratoon rice whole silage
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
pH | 7.05±0.01B | 7.03±0.01B | 7.11±0.01A | 7.09±0.01A |
乙酸 Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 16.96±1.20b | 20.18±0.42a | 15.97±0.10b | 17.39±0.54b |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 6.21±0.30a | 6.53±0.27a | 4.84±0.02b | 5.28±0.19b |
乙酸/丙酸 Acetate/propionate | 3.20±0.04ab | 3.12±0.03b | 3.28±0.02a | 3.29±0.02a |
丁酸 Butyrate (mmol·L-1) | 0.22±0.02 | 0.25±0.01 | 0.21±0.01 | 0.22±0.01 |
异戊酸 Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 1.61±0.13 | 1.70±0.06 | 1.71±0.07 | 1.61±0.01 |
正戊酸 Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.08±0.01 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 |
总挥发性脂肪酸 Total volatile fatty acid (mmol·L-1) | 27.21±1.83 | 28.12±0.82 | 23.03±0.14 | 23.81±0.13 |
氨态氮 NH3-N (mg·dL-1) | 2.35±0.02b | 4.10±0.42a | 2.68±0.27b | 2.64±0.10b |
项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
干物质降解率 Degradation rate of DM | 44.66±1.00b | 49.32±0.49a | 48.85±0.06a | 42.94±1.39b |
有机质降解率 Degradation rate of OM | 41.01±0.26B | 43.75±0.37A | 40.33±0.06B | 42.51±1.26B |
粗蛋白质降解率 Degradation rate of CP | 43.51±1.11B | 48.52±0.01A | 51.48±0.04A | 42.74±1.39B |
中性洗涤纤维降解率 Degradation rate of NDF | 37.64±0.03B | 41.42±0.63A | 38.95±0.57B | 37.50±0.09B |
酸性洗涤纤维降解率 Degradation rate of ADF | 41.16±0.03B | 47.11±0.47A | 42.65±0.71B | 40.73±0.09B |
Table 6 Effects of silage additives on degradation rates of nutrients after 24 h in vitro fermentation of first season ratoon rice whole silage (%)
项目 Items | 组别Groups | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
N1 | N2 | N3 | CK | |
干物质降解率 Degradation rate of DM | 44.66±1.00b | 49.32±0.49a | 48.85±0.06a | 42.94±1.39b |
有机质降解率 Degradation rate of OM | 41.01±0.26B | 43.75±0.37A | 40.33±0.06B | 42.51±1.26B |
粗蛋白质降解率 Degradation rate of CP | 43.51±1.11B | 48.52±0.01A | 51.48±0.04A | 42.74±1.39B |
中性洗涤纤维降解率 Degradation rate of NDF | 37.64±0.03B | 41.42±0.63A | 38.95±0.57B | 37.50±0.09B |
酸性洗涤纤维降解率 Degradation rate of ADF | 41.16±0.03B | 47.11±0.47A | 42.65±0.71B | 40.73±0.09B |
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