Responses of niche characteristics and species diversity of main plant populations to duration of enclosure in the Hulun Buir meadow steppe

doi:10.11686/cyxb2021127

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study， we determined the responses of main plant populations in the meadow steppe area to enclosure for various periods of time. Levin’s niche index， Pianka’s niche overlap index， and species diversity indexes were calculated to analyze the niche response characteristics of the main plant populations. The results showed that the niche breadth of main plant populations in degraded grassland changed after enclosure. The largest niche breadth of the perennial herb Taraxacum mongolicum was in the unenclosed （control） plot. At 4 and 13 years of enclosure， pinegrass had the largest niche breadth. At 5， 6， 8， and 10 years of enclosure， the species with the largest niche breadth were Leymus chinensis， Serratula komarovii， Iris ventricosa， and Stipa baicalensis. After the enclosure of degraded grassland， the niche overlap index between species was concentrated in the range of 0.6-0.9， while the niche overlap index between species in the unenclosed plot was in the range of 0.0-0.3. As the period of enclosure increased， the total average value of the niche overlap index tended to first increase and then decrease. The lowest total average value of the niche overlap index of main plant populations was in the unenclosed （control） plot. The highest total average value of the niche overlap index of the main plant populations was 0.68 at 5 years of enclosure. The total average value of the niche overlap index of main plant populations in enclosed grassland was 40.76%-93.68% higher than that in unenclosed grassland. The highest values of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index， Simpson’s diversity index， Margalef’s richness index， Pielou’s evenness index were obtained at 5 years of enclosure， and were 45.46%， 16.51%， 45.80% and 23.38% higher than their respective values in the control （unenclosed） site. Enclosure significantly increased community diversity， richness， and evenness， and intensified interspecific competition. However， as the period of enclosure extended beyond 5 years， the diversity， richness and uniformity gradually decreased. This led to niche differentiation， the slowing of inter-species competition， and stabilization of the community. Therefore， from the perspective of species diversity alone， the enclosure time should not be too long. After 5 years of enclosure， appropriate measures may be implemented to protect community diversity.

Key words: meadow steppe, enclosure, niche, species diversity

Ying-ying NIE, Jin-qiang CHEN, Xiao-ping XIN, Li-jun XU, Gui-xia YANG, Xu WANG. Responses of niche characteristics and species diversity of main plant populations to duration of enclosure in the Hulun Buir meadow steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(10): 15-25.

Figures/Tables 5

References 36

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编号 NO.	植物种 Species	未封育 F₀	封育4年 F₄	封育5年 F₅	封育6年 F₆	封育8年 F₈	封育10年 F₁₀	封育13年 F₁₃
S1	展枝唐松草 T. squarrosum		2.13	3.29	2.82	4.64	7.52	4.60
S2	早熟禾 P. sphondylodes		1.71	3.53	8.23
S3	羽茅 A. sibiricum	1.61	6.68	1.02	2.96	1.15	4.50	2.05
S4	羊草 L. chinensis	8.90	20.44	20.40	22.20	27.92	37.88	18.08
S5	细叶白头翁 P. turczaninovii		3.05	11.35	4.08	3.29	2.44	8.62
S6	双齿葱 Allium bidentatum		1.37	1.24
S7	沙参 A. stricta		1.81	2.13	13.24	5.61	2.59	1.38
S8	日阴菅 C. pediformis		7.64	9.72	3.01	13.94	4.84	13.88
S9	洽草 Koeleria cristata		1.70	3.44
S10	蓬子菜 Galium verum		2.22	1.51	2.07	1.80	1.81	2.52
S11	囊花鸢尾 Iris ventricosa	1.91	2.04	1.08	2.07	4.99	3.46	1.38
S12	麻花头 S. komarovii	1.65	4.79	5.02	5.62	3.93	5.07	3.54
S13	裂叶荆芥 Schizonepeta multifida		1.94	2.03
S14	裂叶蒿 A. laciniata	2.83	9.37	7.12	8.96	11.72	6.43	13.89
S15	二裂委陵菜 Potentilla bifurca		1.07	1.67	1.03	1.28	1.14	2.46
S16	寸草苔 C. duriuscula	36.28	8.86	10.78	1.94	4.56	3.61	5.95
S17	糙隐子草 A. sibiricum	5.98	2.54	2.68
S18	扁蓿豆 M. ruthenica	1.63	2.68
S19	贝加尔针茅 S. baicalensis	6.09	6.04	3.69	5.41	3.03	4.37	5.71
S20	瓣蕊唐松草 Thalictrum petaloideum		1.30	2.70	1.22
S21	狭叶青蒿 Artemisia dracunculus				1.65	1.63	2.53	1.36
S22	山野豌豆 Vicia amoena					1.46		2.83
S23	披针叶黄华 Thermopsis lanceolata	1.65				1.27	3.18	3.51
S24	柴胡 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium			1.44			1.17
S25	冷蒿 Artemisia frigida	1.69
S26	独行菜 Lepidium apetalum	3.86
S27	车前 Plantago asiatica	3.15
S28	蒲公英 Taraxacum mongolicum	2.81
S29	斜茎黄芪 Astragalus adsurgens	4.23

编号 NO.	植物种 Species	未封育 F₀	封育4年 F₄	封育5年 F₅	封育6年 F₆	封育8年 F₈	封育10年 F₁₀	封育13年 F₁₃
S1	展枝唐松草 T. squarrosum		2.13	3.29	2.82	4.64	7.52	4.60
S2	早熟禾 P. sphondylodes		1.71	3.53	8.23
S3	羽茅 A. sibiricum	1.61	6.68	1.02	2.96	1.15	4.50	2.05
S4	羊草 L. chinensis	8.90	20.44	20.40	22.20	27.92	37.88	18.08
S5	细叶白头翁 P. turczaninovii		3.05	11.35	4.08	3.29	2.44	8.62
S6	双齿葱 Allium bidentatum		1.37	1.24
S7	沙参 A. stricta		1.81	2.13	13.24	5.61	2.59	1.38
S8	日阴菅 C. pediformis		7.64	9.72	3.01	13.94	4.84	13.88
S9	洽草 Koeleria cristata		1.70	3.44
S10	蓬子菜 Galium verum		2.22	1.51	2.07	1.80	1.81	2.52
S11	囊花鸢尾 Iris ventricosa	1.91	2.04	1.08	2.07	4.99	3.46	1.38
S12	麻花头 S. komarovii	1.65	4.79	5.02	5.62	3.93	5.07	3.54
S13	裂叶荆芥 Schizonepeta multifida		1.94	2.03
S14	裂叶蒿 A. laciniata	2.83	9.37	7.12	8.96	11.72	6.43	13.89
S15	二裂委陵菜 Potentilla bifurca		1.07	1.67	1.03	1.28	1.14	2.46
S16	寸草苔 C. duriuscula	36.28	8.86	10.78	1.94	4.56	3.61	5.95
S17	糙隐子草 A. sibiricum	5.98	2.54	2.68
S18	扁蓿豆 M. ruthenica	1.63	2.68
S19	贝加尔针茅 S. baicalensis	6.09	6.04	3.69	5.41	3.03	4.37	5.71
S20	瓣蕊唐松草 Thalictrum petaloideum		1.30	2.70	1.22
S21	狭叶青蒿 Artemisia dracunculus				1.65	1.63	2.53	1.36
S22	山野豌豆 Vicia amoena					1.46		2.83
S23	披针叶黄华 Thermopsis lanceolata	1.65				1.27	3.18	3.51
S24	柴胡 Bupleurum scorzonerifolium			1.44			1.17
S25	冷蒿 Artemisia frigida	1.69
S26	独行菜 Lepidium apetalum	3.86
S27	车前 Plantago asiatica	3.15
S28	蒲公英 Taraxacum mongolicum	2.81
S29	斜茎黄芪 Astragalus adsurgens	4.23

编号 NO.	植物种 Species	未封育 F₀	封育4年 F₄	封育5年 F₅	封育6年 F₆	封育8年 F₈	封育10年 F₁₀	封育13年 F₁₃
S1	展枝唐松草T. squarrosum		0.93	0.65	0.71	0.72	0.77	0.85
S2	早熟禾P. sphondylodes		0.64	0.55	0.33
S3	羽茅A. sibiricum	0.34	0.70	0.61	0.85	0.20	0.51	0.49
S4	羊草L. chinensis	0.53	0.57	0.96	0.78	0.87	0.87	0.58
S5	细叶白头翁P. turczaninovii		0.59	0.89	0.83	0.66	0.52	0.53
S6	双齿葱A. bidentatum		0.69	0.77
S7	沙参A. stricta		0.66	0.82	0.75	0.78	0.50	0.37
S8	日阴菅C. pediformis		0.76	0.75	0.75	0.85	0.57	0.65
S9	洽草K. cristata		0.82	0.60
S10	蓬子菜G. verum		0.60	0.63	0.38	0.42	0.63	0.59
S11	囊花鸢尾I. ventricosa	0.32	0.67	0.68	0.88	0.92	0.63	0.57
S12	麻花头S. komarovii	0.59	0.89	0.85	0.89	0.76	0.68	0.62
S13	裂叶荆芥S. multifida		0.37	0.34
S14	裂叶蒿A. laciniata	0.50	0.78	0.77	0.82	0.68	0.85	0.74
S15	二裂委陵菜P. bifurca		0.50	0.30	0.83	0.42	0.26	0.30
S16	寸草苔C. duriuscula	0.79	0.77	0.66	0.58	0.23	0.55	0.41
S17	糙隐子草A. sibiricum	0.43	0.65	0.82
S18	扁蓿豆M. ruthenica	0.22	0.12
S19	贝加尔针茅S. baicalensis	0.51	0.70	0.86	0.84	0.53	0.89	0.54
S20	瓣蕊唐松草T. petaloideum		0.33	0.37	0.45
S21	狭叶青蒿A. dracunculus				0.34	0.37	0.36	0.31
S22	山野豌豆V. amoena					0.33		0.37
S23	披针叶黄华T. lanceolata	0.15				0.16	0.67	0.47
S24	柴胡B. scorzonerifolium			0.57			0.36
S25	冷蒿A. frigida	0.10
S26	独行菜L. apetalum	0.61
S27	车前P. asiatica	0.17
S28	蒲公英T. mongolicum	0.91
S29	斜茎黄芪A. adsurgens	0.62

编号 NO.	植物种 Species	未封育 F₀	封育4年 F₄	封育5年 F₅	封育6年 F₆	封育8年 F₈	封育10年 F₁₀	封育13年 F₁₃
S1	展枝唐松草T. squarrosum		0.93	0.65	0.71	0.72	0.77	0.85
S2	早熟禾P. sphondylodes		0.64	0.55	0.33
S3	羽茅A. sibiricum	0.34	0.70	0.61	0.85	0.20	0.51	0.49
S4	羊草L. chinensis	0.53	0.57	0.96	0.78	0.87	0.87	0.58
S5	细叶白头翁P. turczaninovii		0.59	0.89	0.83	0.66	0.52	0.53
S6	双齿葱A. bidentatum		0.69	0.77
S7	沙参A. stricta		0.66	0.82	0.75	0.78	0.50	0.37
S8	日阴菅C. pediformis		0.76	0.75	0.75	0.85	0.57	0.65
S9	洽草K. cristata		0.82	0.60
S10	蓬子菜G. verum		0.60	0.63	0.38	0.42	0.63	0.59
S11	囊花鸢尾I. ventricosa	0.32	0.67	0.68	0.88	0.92	0.63	0.57
S12	麻花头S. komarovii	0.59	0.89	0.85	0.89	0.76	0.68	0.62
S13	裂叶荆芥S. multifida		0.37	0.34
S14	裂叶蒿A. laciniata	0.50	0.78	0.77	0.82	0.68	0.85	0.74
S15	二裂委陵菜P. bifurca		0.50	0.30	0.83	0.42	0.26	0.30
S16	寸草苔C. duriuscula	0.79	0.77	0.66	0.58	0.23	0.55	0.41
S17	糙隐子草A. sibiricum	0.43	0.65	0.82
S18	扁蓿豆M. ruthenica	0.22	0.12
S19	贝加尔针茅S. baicalensis	0.51	0.70	0.86	0.84	0.53	0.89	0.54
S20	瓣蕊唐松草T. petaloideum		0.33	0.37	0.45
S21	狭叶青蒿A. dracunculus				0.34	0.37	0.36	0.31
S22	山野豌豆V. amoena					0.33		0.37
S23	披针叶黄华T. lanceolata	0.15				0.16	0.67	0.47
S24	柴胡B. scorzonerifolium			0.57			0.36
S25	冷蒿A. frigida	0.10
S26	独行菜L. apetalum	0.61
S27	车前P. asiatica	0.17
S28	蒲公英T. mongolicum	0.91
S29	斜茎黄芪A. adsurgens	0.62

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