Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 62-75.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021177
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Fen-sheng CHENG1,3(), Long-hui YOU2,3(), Jin-lin YU1,3, Hui-chang XU1,3, Hui-ming YOU3, Sen NIE3, Jian-min LI3, Gong-fu YE3
Received:
2021-05-07
Revised:
2021-06-16
Online:
2021-10-19
Published:
2021-10-19
Contact:
Long-hui YOU
Fen-sheng CHENG, Long-hui YOU, Jin-lin YU, Hui-chang XU, Hui-ming YOU, Sen NIE, Jian-min LI, Gong-fu YE. Effects of cold-season green manure on soil biochemical properties and the microbial community in a Castanea henryi orchard, China[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(11): 62-75.
处理 Treatment | 砧木树龄Age of rootstock (a) | 接穗时间Scion time (a) | 林分密度 Stand density (plant·hm-2) | 平均树高 Average tree height (m) | 平均胸径 Mean diameter at breast height (cm) | 整地方式 Method of land preparation | 措施 Measures | 草被盖度 Coverage of grass cover (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 42 | 35 | 198.5 | 7.4 | 28.4 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播鼠茅草Mulching with plastic film and sowing of V. myuros seed | 85 |
Mode2 | 42 | 35 | 233.7 | 7.7 | 22.9 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播黑麦草Mulching with plastic film and sowing of L. perenne seed | 85 |
Mode3 | 42 | 35 | 240.8 | 7.1 | 30.4 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播光叶紫花苕Mulching with plastic film and sowing of V. villosa seed | 80 |
CK1 | 42 | 35 | 215.0 | 7.3 | 26.8 | 带状Stripline | 喷施草甘膦Spraying glyphosate | 10 |
CK2 | 42 | 35 | 225.2 | 6.7 | 25.3 | 带状Stripline | 清耕Clean tillage | 10 |
Table 1 Basic information of tested stands
处理 Treatment | 砧木树龄Age of rootstock (a) | 接穗时间Scion time (a) | 林分密度 Stand density (plant·hm-2) | 平均树高 Average tree height (m) | 平均胸径 Mean diameter at breast height (cm) | 整地方式 Method of land preparation | 措施 Measures | 草被盖度 Coverage of grass cover (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 42 | 35 | 198.5 | 7.4 | 28.4 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播鼠茅草Mulching with plastic film and sowing of V. myuros seed | 85 |
Mode2 | 42 | 35 | 233.7 | 7.7 | 22.9 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播黑麦草Mulching with plastic film and sowing of L. perenne seed | 85 |
Mode3 | 42 | 35 | 240.8 | 7.1 | 30.4 | 带状Stripline | 覆膜撒播光叶紫花苕Mulching with plastic film and sowing of V. villosa seed | 80 |
CK1 | 42 | 35 | 215.0 | 7.3 | 26.8 | 带状Stripline | 喷施草甘膦Spraying glyphosate | 10 |
CK2 | 42 | 35 | 225.2 | 6.7 | 25.3 | 带状Stripline | 清耕Clean tillage | 10 |
处理Treatment | pH | 容重 Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 土壤自然含水率 Natural water content (%) | 孔隙度 Porosity (%) | 全碳/氮 Total carbon/ nitrogen | 碱解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 5.98±0.12bc | 1.29±0.08a | 26.40±2.12ab | 49.07±1.18bc | 18.85±1.28b | 74.14±2.16a | 156.87±28.22a | 234.76±6.95a |
Mode2 | 6.07±0.04b | 1.10±0.07b | 27.31±1.24a | 56.03±1.66a | 16.12±1.71b | 61.36±5.66b | 151.31±28.02a | 209.82±18.19ab |
Mode3 | 6.02±0.20bc | 1.24±0.06a | 24.49±2.21ab | 40.17±1.54d | 17.49±2.83b | 62.96±1.92b | 152.26±6.77a | 221.12±8.04a |
CK1 | 6.35±0.01a | 1.25±0.02a | 22.12±2.75b | 46.87±1.36c | 31.60±4.56a | 47.10±2.73d | 108.34±7.26b | 176.37±11.24c |
CK2 | 5.75±0.25c | 1.21±0.01a | 19.60±2.03c | 51.30±2.84b | 16.45±0.53b | 54.39±3.38c | 121.44±12.46b | 190.88±11.85b |
Table 2 Effects of five soil management modes on soil physicochemical properties of C. henryi orchard
处理Treatment | pH | 容重 Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 土壤自然含水率 Natural water content (%) | 孔隙度 Porosity (%) | 全碳/氮 Total carbon/ nitrogen | 碱解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 5.98±0.12bc | 1.29±0.08a | 26.40±2.12ab | 49.07±1.18bc | 18.85±1.28b | 74.14±2.16a | 156.87±28.22a | 234.76±6.95a |
Mode2 | 6.07±0.04b | 1.10±0.07b | 27.31±1.24a | 56.03±1.66a | 16.12±1.71b | 61.36±5.66b | 151.31±28.02a | 209.82±18.19ab |
Mode3 | 6.02±0.20bc | 1.24±0.06a | 24.49±2.21ab | 40.17±1.54d | 17.49±2.83b | 62.96±1.92b | 152.26±6.77a | 221.12±8.04a |
CK1 | 6.35±0.01a | 1.25±0.02a | 22.12±2.75b | 46.87±1.36c | 31.60±4.56a | 47.10±2.73d | 108.34±7.26b | 176.37±11.24c |
CK2 | 5.75±0.25c | 1.21±0.01a | 19.60±2.03c | 51.30±2.84b | 16.45±0.53b | 54.39±3.38c | 121.44±12.46b | 190.88±11.85b |
处理 Treatment | 过氧化氢酶 Catalase | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 脲酶 Urease | 酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 多酚氧化酶 Polyphenol oxidase | 纤维素酶 Cellulase | α-葡萄糖苷酶 α-glucosidase | β-葡萄糖苷酶 β-glucosidase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 42.64±1.52a | 32.29±8.06a | 2.23±0.66a | 1.49±0.05a | 5.52±2.20a | 0.32±0.06a | 6.44±0.67a | 5.26±2.32ab |
Mode2 | 26.80±2.84bc | 26.87±5.31a | 0.86±0.22b | 1.51±0.06a | 6.21±1.69a | 0.36±0.25a | 6.48±1.84a | 7.67±2.42a |
Mode3 | 15.40±6.66d | 14.37±0.72c | 1.26±0.22b | 1.47±0.04a | 6.22±0.40a | 0.19±0.09a | 7.54±0.98a | 4.80±0.53b |
CK1 | 33.42±6.57ab | 15.49±3.95bc | 0.62±0.18b | 1.47±0.04a | 3.87±0.72a | 0.53±0.13a | 4.22±0.16b | 5.04±2.11ab |
CK2 | 21.37±7.82cd | 24.55±5.80ab | 2.35±0.74a | 1.45±0.12a | 5.91±0.63a | 0.17±0.03b | 5.76±0.48ab | 7.71±0.87a |
Table 3 Effects of five soil management modes on soil enzyme activities of C. henryi orchard (U·g-1)
处理 Treatment | 过氧化氢酶 Catalase | 蔗糖酶 Sucrase | 脲酶 Urease | 酸性磷酸酶 Acid phosphatase | 多酚氧化酶 Polyphenol oxidase | 纤维素酶 Cellulase | α-葡萄糖苷酶 α-glucosidase | β-葡萄糖苷酶 β-glucosidase |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mode1 | 42.64±1.52a | 32.29±8.06a | 2.23±0.66a | 1.49±0.05a | 5.52±2.20a | 0.32±0.06a | 6.44±0.67a | 5.26±2.32ab |
Mode2 | 26.80±2.84bc | 26.87±5.31a | 0.86±0.22b | 1.51±0.06a | 6.21±1.69a | 0.36±0.25a | 6.48±1.84a | 7.67±2.42a |
Mode3 | 15.40±6.66d | 14.37±0.72c | 1.26±0.22b | 1.47±0.04a | 6.22±0.40a | 0.19±0.09a | 7.54±0.98a | 4.80±0.53b |
CK1 | 33.42±6.57ab | 15.49±3.95bc | 0.62±0.18b | 1.47±0.04a | 3.87±0.72a | 0.53±0.13a | 4.22±0.16b | 5.04±2.11ab |
CK2 | 21.37±7.82cd | 24.55±5.80ab | 2.35±0.74a | 1.45±0.12a | 5.91±0.63a | 0.17±0.03b | 5.76±0.48ab | 7.71±0.87a |
类别 Type | 处理 Treatment | 操作分类单元 Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) | Chao1指数 Chao1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index | Goods_coverage指数 Goods_coverage index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
细菌 Bacteria | Mode1 | 7887±201a | 8627±158a | 9.19±0.98a | 0.996±0.0002a |
Mode2 | 7400±957a | 8314±834a | 9.27±1.05a | 0.996±0.0004a | |
Mode3 | 7845±385a | 8747±365a | 9.19±0.62a | 0.996±0.0001a | |
CK1 | 7679±39a | 8478±95a | 9.03±0.22a | 0.996±0.0003a | |
CK2 | 7465±122a | 8337±70a | 8.83±0.69a | 0.996±0.0001a | |
真菌 Fungus | Mode1 | 1653±463a | 1765±439a | 6.39±1.27a | 0.997±0.0003a |
Mode2 | 1436±82a | 1572±112a | 6.73±0.94a | 0.998±0.0004a | |
Mode3 | 1453±157a | 1532±181a | 6.46±1.40a | 0.997±0.0002a | |
CK1 | 1516±510a | 1661±492a | 7.12±1.99a | 0.998±0.0003a | |
CK2 | 1876±517a | 1982±557a | 7.31±1.55a | 0.997±0.0005a |
Table 4 Soil microbial diversity index of five soil management models in C. henryi orchard
类别 Type | 处理 Treatment | 操作分类单元 Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) | Chao1指数 Chao1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index | Goods_coverage指数 Goods_coverage index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
细菌 Bacteria | Mode1 | 7887±201a | 8627±158a | 9.19±0.98a | 0.996±0.0002a |
Mode2 | 7400±957a | 8314±834a | 9.27±1.05a | 0.996±0.0004a | |
Mode3 | 7845±385a | 8747±365a | 9.19±0.62a | 0.996±0.0001a | |
CK1 | 7679±39a | 8478±95a | 9.03±0.22a | 0.996±0.0003a | |
CK2 | 7465±122a | 8337±70a | 8.83±0.69a | 0.996±0.0001a | |
真菌 Fungus | Mode1 | 1653±463a | 1765±439a | 6.39±1.27a | 0.997±0.0003a |
Mode2 | 1436±82a | 1572±112a | 6.73±0.94a | 0.998±0.0004a | |
Mode3 | 1453±157a | 1532±181a | 6.46±1.40a | 0.997±0.0002a | |
CK1 | 1516±510a | 1661±492a | 7.12±1.99a | 0.998±0.0003a | |
CK2 | 1876±517a | 1982±557a | 7.31±1.55a | 0.997±0.0005a |
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