Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 76-85.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021380
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Xing WANG1(), Wei HUANG1, Shu-yan YU1, Xiao-yun LI1, Xue-qin GAO1,2, Bing-zhe FU1,2()
Received:
2021-10-19
Revised:
2022-01-27
Online:
2022-09-20
Published:
2022-08-12
Contact:
Bing-zhe FU
Xing WANG, Wei HUANG, Shu-yan YU, Xiao-yun LI, Xue-qin GAO, Bing-zhe FU. Effect of water and fertilizer coupling on seed yield and composition of alfalfa grown with underground drip irrigation in Ningxia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(9): 76-85.
处理 Treatment | 灌水量Irrigation amount (m3·hm-2) | 施肥量Fertilizer application amount (kg·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
04-25 | 05-15 | 06-24 | 07-12 | 04-25 | 06-24 | |
S1F1 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S1F2 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S1F3 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S1F4 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S1F5 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S2F1 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S2F2 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S2F3 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S2F4 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S2F5 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S3F1 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S3F2 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S3F3 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S3F4 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S3F5 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S4F1 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S4F2 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S4F3 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S4F4 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S4F5 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
Table 1 Irrigation and fertilization plan
处理 Treatment | 灌水量Irrigation amount (m3·hm-2) | 施肥量Fertilizer application amount (kg·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
04-25 | 05-15 | 06-24 | 07-12 | 04-25 | 06-24 | |
S1F1 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S1F2 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S1F3 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S1F4 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S1F5 | 300 | 240 | 180 | 180 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S2F1 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S2F2 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S2F3 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S2F4 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S2F5 | 480 | 330 | 270 | 270 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S3F1 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S3F2 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S3F3 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S3F4 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S3F5 | 630 | 480 | 345 | 345 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
S4F1 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 0-0-0 | 0-0-0 |
S4F2 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 4.5-22.5-30 | 4.5-22.5-30 |
S4F3 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 9-45-60 | 9-45-60 |
S4F4 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 13.5-67.5-90 | 13.5-67.5-90 |
S4F5 | 795 | 585 | 435 | 435 | 18-90-120 | 18-90-120 |
处理 Treatment | 生殖枝数 Reproductive branches number | 小花数 Floret number | 每株花序数 Number of inflorescences per plant | 结荚数 Number of podding | 每荚种子数 Seeds per pod | 千粒重 Thousand seed weight (g) | 结荚率 Podding rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1F1 | 33.58±1.06cd | 22.05±0.81b | 517.20±54.55ghi | 17.58±0.66ab | 6.78±0.35ef | 1.77±0.04de | 81.87±1.76j |
S1F2 | 32.55±1.26fg | 20.55±1.00c | 534.00±32.86ef | 17.73±0.88a | 7.25±0.28ab | 1.75±0.03fg | 85.19±2.15d |
S1F3 | 31.20±1.12jk | 21.78±0.84b | 537.03±37.36ef | 17.25±0.70bc | 5.93±0.25lm | 1.77±0.03de | 84.46±2.04efgh |
S1F4 | 34.78±1.10ab | 19.98±1.68d | 563.00±39.95c | 15.35±0.56jk | 5.93±0.27lm | 1.73±0.03ij | 81.60±2.10j |
S1F5 | 31.10±1.30jk | 20.50±1.20c | 541.03±48.04de | 16.53±0.78e | 6.58±0.26gh | 1.70±0.03k | 84.08±1.58gh |
S2F1 | 31.48±1.46ij | 20.10±0.69d | 534.83±48.34ef | 16.88±0.61d | 7.10±0.37bc | 1.80±0.04ab | 89.33±1.57a |
S2F2 | 33.10±1.24de | 18.85±0.86f | 534.40±35.75ef | 15.95±0.74fgh | 7.10±0.32bc | 1.72±0.04j | 83.95±1.77h |
S2F3 | 34.60±1.15b | 19.85±1.07d | 521.30±35.71fgh | 16.30±0.86ef | 6.35±0.28ij | 1.76±0.04ef | 83.16±1.67i |
S2F4 | 29.68±1.16l | 20.63±0.95c | 479.13±41.36l | 17.30±0.80bc | 5.90±0.27m | 1.78±0.03cd | 85.04±2.01de |
S2F5 | 30.93±1.31k | 18.00±0.85h | 592.53±39.11b | 15.58±0.77hij | 6.65±0.33fg | 1.74±0.03gh | 87.06±1.42c |
S3F1 | 32.88±1.28ef | 19.83±0.74d | 618.03±43.31a | 15.90±0.65gh | 7.35±0.32a | 1.71±0.03k | 84.37±1.44fgh |
S3F2 | 35.23±1.29a | 18.03±0.74h | 508.27±50.68hij | 15.45±0.69ijk | 6.55±0.28gh | 1.74±0.04gh | 89.48±2.07a |
S3F3 | 33.40±1.25d | 19.50±0.82e | 530.17±39.35efg | 17.03±0.68cd | 6.08±0.27kl | 1.71±0.03k | 84.59±1.41efg |
S3F4 | 32.10±1.18gh | 19.08±0.70f | 554.33±54.53cd | 16.00±0.77fg | 6.88±0.28de | 1.73±0.03j | 84.54±1.97efg |
S3F5 | 30.88±1.27k | 20.10±0.76d | 515.67±39.57ghi | 15.78±0.67ghi | 7.03±0.25cd | 1.73±0.03hij | 84.40±2.14fgh |
S4F1 | 33.58±0.99cd | 22.40±0.73a | 533.00±35.00ef | 17.60±0.67ab | 6.45±0.30hij | 1.79±0.03bc | 82.90±1.79i |
S4F2 | 34.05±1.28c | 17.85±1.09h | 503.40±43.14ijk | 15.80±0.92ghi | 6.48±0.25hij | 1.70±0.05k | 87.49±2.26bc |
S4F3 | 32.73±1.51ef | 18.93±0.89f | 568.77±43.25c | 14.78±0.82l | 6.13±0.28k | 1.79±0.04bc | 84.10±1.38gh |
S4F4 | 31.93±1.42hi | 19.45±0.62e | 489.83±38.97kl | 16.15±0.63fg | 6.33±0.27j | 1.77±0.04de | 87.78±1.56b |
S4F5 | 28.48±1.27m | 18.40±0.89g | 496.07±36.67jk | 15.18±0.66k | 6.50±0.32ghi | 1.81±0.04a | 84.87±2.15def |
显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | |||||||
灌水量Water treatment (S) | 1.22NS | 11.04** | 3.25** | 14.23** | 4.89** | 6.06** | 8.78** |
施肥量Fertilizer treatment (F) | 5.65** | 10.09** | 0.45NS | 10.92** | 13.94** | 1.50NS | 5.37** |
S×F | 1.69NS | 3.62** | 4.58** | 33.59** | 3.20** | 2.46** | 7.62** |
Table 2 Effects of different water and fertilizer on components of alfalfa seed yield
处理 Treatment | 生殖枝数 Reproductive branches number | 小花数 Floret number | 每株花序数 Number of inflorescences per plant | 结荚数 Number of podding | 每荚种子数 Seeds per pod | 千粒重 Thousand seed weight (g) | 结荚率 Podding rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1F1 | 33.58±1.06cd | 22.05±0.81b | 517.20±54.55ghi | 17.58±0.66ab | 6.78±0.35ef | 1.77±0.04de | 81.87±1.76j |
S1F2 | 32.55±1.26fg | 20.55±1.00c | 534.00±32.86ef | 17.73±0.88a | 7.25±0.28ab | 1.75±0.03fg | 85.19±2.15d |
S1F3 | 31.20±1.12jk | 21.78±0.84b | 537.03±37.36ef | 17.25±0.70bc | 5.93±0.25lm | 1.77±0.03de | 84.46±2.04efgh |
S1F4 | 34.78±1.10ab | 19.98±1.68d | 563.00±39.95c | 15.35±0.56jk | 5.93±0.27lm | 1.73±0.03ij | 81.60±2.10j |
S1F5 | 31.10±1.30jk | 20.50±1.20c | 541.03±48.04de | 16.53±0.78e | 6.58±0.26gh | 1.70±0.03k | 84.08±1.58gh |
S2F1 | 31.48±1.46ij | 20.10±0.69d | 534.83±48.34ef | 16.88±0.61d | 7.10±0.37bc | 1.80±0.04ab | 89.33±1.57a |
S2F2 | 33.10±1.24de | 18.85±0.86f | 534.40±35.75ef | 15.95±0.74fgh | 7.10±0.32bc | 1.72±0.04j | 83.95±1.77h |
S2F3 | 34.60±1.15b | 19.85±1.07d | 521.30±35.71fgh | 16.30±0.86ef | 6.35±0.28ij | 1.76±0.04ef | 83.16±1.67i |
S2F4 | 29.68±1.16l | 20.63±0.95c | 479.13±41.36l | 17.30±0.80bc | 5.90±0.27m | 1.78±0.03cd | 85.04±2.01de |
S2F5 | 30.93±1.31k | 18.00±0.85h | 592.53±39.11b | 15.58±0.77hij | 6.65±0.33fg | 1.74±0.03gh | 87.06±1.42c |
S3F1 | 32.88±1.28ef | 19.83±0.74d | 618.03±43.31a | 15.90±0.65gh | 7.35±0.32a | 1.71±0.03k | 84.37±1.44fgh |
S3F2 | 35.23±1.29a | 18.03±0.74h | 508.27±50.68hij | 15.45±0.69ijk | 6.55±0.28gh | 1.74±0.04gh | 89.48±2.07a |
S3F3 | 33.40±1.25d | 19.50±0.82e | 530.17±39.35efg | 17.03±0.68cd | 6.08±0.27kl | 1.71±0.03k | 84.59±1.41efg |
S3F4 | 32.10±1.18gh | 19.08±0.70f | 554.33±54.53cd | 16.00±0.77fg | 6.88±0.28de | 1.73±0.03j | 84.54±1.97efg |
S3F5 | 30.88±1.27k | 20.10±0.76d | 515.67±39.57ghi | 15.78±0.67ghi | 7.03±0.25cd | 1.73±0.03hij | 84.40±2.14fgh |
S4F1 | 33.58±0.99cd | 22.40±0.73a | 533.00±35.00ef | 17.60±0.67ab | 6.45±0.30hij | 1.79±0.03bc | 82.90±1.79i |
S4F2 | 34.05±1.28c | 17.85±1.09h | 503.40±43.14ijk | 15.80±0.92ghi | 6.48±0.25hij | 1.70±0.05k | 87.49±2.26bc |
S4F3 | 32.73±1.51ef | 18.93±0.89f | 568.77±43.25c | 14.78±0.82l | 6.13±0.28k | 1.79±0.04bc | 84.10±1.38gh |
S4F4 | 31.93±1.42hi | 19.45±0.62e | 489.83±38.97kl | 16.15±0.63fg | 6.33±0.27j | 1.77±0.04de | 87.78±1.56b |
S4F5 | 28.48±1.27m | 18.40±0.89g | 496.07±36.67jk | 15.18±0.66k | 6.50±0.32ghi | 1.81±0.04a | 84.87±2.15def |
显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | |||||||
灌水量Water treatment (S) | 1.22NS | 11.04** | 3.25** | 14.23** | 4.89** | 6.06** | 8.78** |
施肥量Fertilizer treatment (F) | 5.65** | 10.09** | 0.45NS | 10.92** | 13.94** | 1.50NS | 5.37** |
S×F | 1.69NS | 3.62** | 4.58** | 33.59** | 3.20** | 2.46** | 7.62** |
项目 Item | 实际种子产量 Practical seed yield (kg·hm-2) | 理论种子产量 Theoretical seed yield(kg·hm-2) | 灌水分利用效率 IWUE (kg·m-3) | 肥料偏生产力 PFP (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
水分处理 Water treatment (S) | ||||
S1 | 1079.95a | 5973.74a | 1.20a | 3.81a |
S2 | 954.86c | 5288.30c | 0.71b | 3.52b |
S3 | 987.63b | 5343.57c | 0.55c | 3.54b |
S4 | 1079.57a | 5547.23b | 0.48d | 3.90a |
肥料处理 Fertilizer treatment (F) | ||||
F1 | 1031.36b | 5664.71b | 0.73bc | - |
F2 | 992.49c | 5372.42cd | 0.70d | 8.71a |
F3 | 998.08c | 5255.17d | 0.72c | 4.38b |
F4 | 1054.61a | 5437.06c | 0.76a | 3.08c |
F5 | 1050.97a | 5961.68a | 0.75ab | 2.31d |
年份 Year (Y) | ||||
2017 | 662.58d | 4325.40c | 0.49d | 2.48c |
2018 | 1139.15b | 6910.70b | 0.82b | 4.12b |
2019 | 764.50c | 3642.69d | 0.53c | 2.58c |
2020 | 1535.78a | 7274.05a | 1.10a | 5.59a |
显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | ||||
S | 108.67** | 67.58** | 2821.70** | 17.59** |
F | 17.85** | 43.77** | 13.28** | 3973.34** |
Y | 4175.71** | 2320.24** | 2127.80** | 1035.44** |
S×F | 33.59** | 35.18** | 20.73** | 15.18** |
S×Y | 75.23** | 11.94** | 100.49** | 17.11** |
Y×F | 37.52** | 15.30** | 16.08** | 221.33** |
Y×S×F | 37.99** | 24.91** | 22.57** | 19.48** |
Table 3 Effects of different amount of water and fertilizer on alfalfa practical seed yield, theoretical seed yield, irrigation water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity (F value)
项目 Item | 实际种子产量 Practical seed yield (kg·hm-2) | 理论种子产量 Theoretical seed yield(kg·hm-2) | 灌水分利用效率 IWUE (kg·m-3) | 肥料偏生产力 PFP (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|
水分处理 Water treatment (S) | ||||
S1 | 1079.95a | 5973.74a | 1.20a | 3.81a |
S2 | 954.86c | 5288.30c | 0.71b | 3.52b |
S3 | 987.63b | 5343.57c | 0.55c | 3.54b |
S4 | 1079.57a | 5547.23b | 0.48d | 3.90a |
肥料处理 Fertilizer treatment (F) | ||||
F1 | 1031.36b | 5664.71b | 0.73bc | - |
F2 | 992.49c | 5372.42cd | 0.70d | 8.71a |
F3 | 998.08c | 5255.17d | 0.72c | 4.38b |
F4 | 1054.61a | 5437.06c | 0.76a | 3.08c |
F5 | 1050.97a | 5961.68a | 0.75ab | 2.31d |
年份 Year (Y) | ||||
2017 | 662.58d | 4325.40c | 0.49d | 2.48c |
2018 | 1139.15b | 6910.70b | 0.82b | 4.12b |
2019 | 764.50c | 3642.69d | 0.53c | 2.58c |
2020 | 1535.78a | 7274.05a | 1.10a | 5.59a |
显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | ||||
S | 108.67** | 67.58** | 2821.70** | 17.59** |
F | 17.85** | 43.77** | 13.28** | 3973.34** |
Y | 4175.71** | 2320.24** | 2127.80** | 1035.44** |
S×F | 33.59** | 35.18** | 20.73** | 15.18** |
S×Y | 75.23** | 11.94** | 100.49** | 17.11** |
Y×F | 37.52** | 15.30** | 16.08** | 221.33** |
Y×S×F | 37.99** | 24.91** | 22.57** | 19.48** |
因子 Factor | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient | 间接通径系数Indirect path coefficient | 合计 Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
→X1 | →X2 | →X3 | →X4 | ||||
X1 | 0.79** | 0.77 | - | 0.37 | -0.03 | 0.38 | 0.72 |
X2 | 0.21 | -0.23 | -0.11 | - | -0.05 | -0.10 | -0.26 |
X3 | -0.22 | -0.18 | 0.01 | -0.04 | - | -0.03 | -0.06 |
X4 | 0.51** | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.04 | - | 0.28 |
Table 4 Path analysis of alfalfa seed yield components and alfalfa seed yield
因子 Factor | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient | 间接通径系数Indirect path coefficient | 合计 Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
→X1 | →X2 | →X3 | →X4 | ||||
X1 | 0.79** | 0.77 | - | 0.37 | -0.03 | 0.38 | 0.72 |
X2 | 0.21 | -0.23 | -0.11 | - | -0.05 | -0.10 | -0.26 |
X3 | -0.22 | -0.18 | 0.01 | -0.04 | - | -0.03 | -0.06 |
X4 | 0.51** | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.04 | - | 0.28 |
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