Effects of dialectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on seed germination and physiological characteristics of Astragalus sinicus

doi:10.11686/cyxb2022437

Abstract

Abstract:

Poor seed germination and seedling performance when germinated in commonly encountered osmolyte concentrations are major constraints to expansion of Astragalus sinicus cultivation. The objective of this study was to test the potential use of an electrical discharge plasma treatment as a low-cost technology for sustainable A. sinicus cultivation. Two cultivars of A. sinicus （Ganzi 75-3-51 and Xinzi 1） were investigated in an indoor germination experiment in order to investigate the influences of various dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatments （7， 8 or 9 kV for 1， 3， 5 or 10 min） on A. sinicus seed germination， seedling growth， antioxidant enzyme activity and osmolyte concentrations. It was found that plasma treatments had no significant effects on the germination rate or germination potential of A. sinicus seed， but did raise the germination index and seed vigor index of both cultivars. Significant interactions between plasma and cultivar effects were observed for most traits indicating that the response patterns of the cultivars across the imposed plasma treatments were different. The growth of Ganzi 75-3-51 seedlings was promoted with lower-dose plasma treatment and inhibited with higher-dose plasma treatment. Xinzi 1 seedlings were sensitive to plasma treatment and high dose plasma treatment （9 kV with 10 min duration） significantly reduced the fresh weight of Xinzi 1 seedlings （the decrease， as compared with the controls was 20.5%）. The activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase of Ganzi 75-3-51 tended to rise initially and then decline with increase in voltage and treatment time. The antioxidant enzyme activity of Xinzi 1 showed a trend of increase with increased exposure time in the low-voltage plasma treatment （7 kV）， but wasn’t significantly changed by high-voltage plasma treatment. In addition， low dose plasma treatment enhanced the contents of soluble sugar and protein in seedlings of both A. sinicus cultivars. Though plasma treatment didn’t significantly affect the germination of tested A. sinicus cultivars in the current study， some plasma treatments did stimulate antioxidant enzyme activities， and promote starch and protein hydrolysis， thereby improving the seed vigor and growth of A. sinicus seedlings.

Key words: plasma, Astragalus sinicus, seed germination, physiological characteristics

Xiang LI, Meng ZHANG, Chun-zeng LIU, Yi-fei ZHU, Xiao-xin YE. Effects of dialectric barrier discharge plasma treatment on seed germination and physiological characteristics of Astragalus sinicus[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(10): 129-140.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1 Schematic of low-temperature plasma seed treatment device

Table 1 Two-way ANOVA of the effect of plasma treatments on the germination of two cultivars of A. sinicus seeds

因素 Factor	df	信紫Xinzi				赣紫Ganzi
因素 Factor	df	发芽率 Germination rate	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index	发芽率 Germination rate	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
电压Voltage	2	0.77	0.51	0.36	0.47	1.63	0.23	1.03	1.62
时间Time	4	1.13	0.68	2.88*	1.98	0.50	0.85	3.69**	7.97***
电压 $×$ 时间 Voltage $× t$ ime	8	1.28	0.52	1.96	2.20*	0.85	0.67	0.81	2.00

Table 1 Two-way ANOVA of the effect of plasma treatments on the germination of two cultivars of A. sinicus seeds

因素 Factor	df	信紫Xinzi				赣紫Ganzi
因素 Factor	df	发芽率 Germination rate	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index	发芽率 Germination rate	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
电压Voltage	2	0.77	0.51	0.36	0.47	1.63	0.23	1.03	1.62
时间Time	4	1.13	0.68	2.88*	1.98	0.50	0.85	3.69**	7.97***
电压 $×$ 时间 Voltage $× t$ ime	8	1.28	0.52	1.96	2.20*	0.85	0.67	0.81	2.00

Fig.2 Effect of plasma treatment on germination index and seed vigor index of Xinzi and Ganzi

Table 2 Effect of plasma treatment on the growth of two cultivars of A. sinicus

品种 Variety	电压 Voltage （kV）	时间 Time （min）	胚根长 Radicle length （mm）	胚芽长 Germ length （mm）	根芽比 Root bud ratio	鲜重 Fresh weight （g）
信紫 Xinzi	CK		24.6±1.4ab	35.8±0.7a	0.69±0.05ab	0.88±0.04ab
	7	1	24.5±1.1ab	36.4±0.5a	0.67±0.03ab	0.83±0.01abcd
		3	24.3±0.7ab	37.2±1.0a	0.66±0.03ab	0.84±0.04abc
		5	24.6±0.8ab	36.9±1.0a	0.67±0.03ab	0.90±0.03ab
		10	27.1±0.6a	35.2±1.1a	0.78±0.03a	0.95±0.03a
	8	1	24.0±1.3ab	38.1±1.3a	0.64±0.04b	0.86±0.03abc
		3	22.4±1.0b	36.2±0.4a	0.62±0.02b	0.90±0.01ab
		5	23.5±0.7ab	36.7±0.6a	0.64±0.02b	0.84±0.04abc
		10	23.0±1.0b	36.0±0.9a	0.64±0.04b	0.72±0.06cd
	9	1	23.9±1.0ab	36.1±0.7a	0.66±0.03ab	0.86±0.02abc
		3	23.6±0.8ab	34.9±1.1a	0.68±0.04ab	0.90±0.06ab
		5	23.8±1.3ab	37.2±0.7a	0.64±0.03b	0.80±0.05bcd
		10	22.3±1.0b	35.1±0.9a	0.64±0.04b	0.70±0.04d
赣紫 Ganzi	CK		31.8±0.8a	40.2±1.2e	0.80±0.03a	0.93±0.03bcd
	7	1	30.6±0.8ab	43.6±0.9bcd	0.70±0.02bcd	0.96±0.02ab
		3	30.4±0.6ab	45.9±0.7abcd	0.66±0.02cdef	0.98±0.03ab
		5	31.9±0.7a	42.7±0.6de	0.75±0.02ab	1.01±0.02ab
		10	29.4±0.6ab	46.3±1.7abc	0.64±0.03def	0.92±0.03bcd
	8	1	31.9±1.0a	44.1±0.5bcd	0.72±0.03bc	0.98±0.02ab
		3	30.0±0.4ab	46.5±0.7ab	0.65±0.01def	1.01±0.03ab
		5	31.8±0.5a	48.2±0.7a	0.66±0.01cdef	1.03±0.03a
		10	29.5±0.6ab	43.4±0.5bcd	0.68±0.01bcde	0.87±0.03d
	9	1	28.9±0.8b	48.2±0.9a	0.60±0.01f	0.97±0.02ab
		3	31.0±1.0ab	45.1±0.9abcd	0.69±0.02bcde	0.95±0.02abc
		5	30.9±0.5ab	43.1±1.0cde	0.72±0.02bcd	0.86±0.02d
		10	29.0±0.9b	46.7±0.7ab	0.62±0.02ef	0.87±0.03cd

Fig.3 Effects of plasma treatment on the activities of SOD and POD in Xinzi seedlings

Fig.4 Effects of plasma treatment on the activities of SOD and POD in Ganzi seedlings

Fig.5 Effect of plasma treatment on the MDA contents of Xinzi and Ganzi seedlings

Fig.6 Effect of plasma treatment on the content of proline， soluble sugar and soluble protein in Xinzi and Ganzi seedlings

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