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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 62-72.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025021

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Grazing exclusion modifies the relationship between plant community diversity and aboveground biomass in the Qiangtang grassland

Chen-xu LIU1(), Yan-tao SONG1(), Lei SUN2, Tao PENG1, Wuyunna1   

  1. 1.College of Environmental and Bioresources,Dalian Minzu University,Dalian 116000,China
    2.College of Animal Science,Xizang Agriculture Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China
  • Received:2025-01-20 Revised:2025-03-17 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-10-20
  • Contact: Yan-tao SONG

Abstract:

Grazing exclusion is one of the effective measures for restoring degraded grassland ecosystems. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of fencing for various periods on grassland plant communities in the Qiangtang grassland. A field study was conducted in Nagqu City, Bangor County, where grassland plots enclosed for 5, 9, 13, 17, and 21 years were selected for analysis, with freely-grazed areas outside the enclosures as the control plots. We assessed the effects of enclosure and free-grazing practices on plant community characteristics, plant community diversity, and their relationships by analysis of variance, regression analysis, and correlation analysis. The results indicate that enclosure increased the importance value of the dominant species, Stipa purpurea. Varying levels of enhancement in aboveground biomass (AGB), coverage, height, and density were observed after different periods of enclosure, with significant differences detected between the free-grazed and enclosed plots after 9 and 21 years (P<0.05). Notably, the alpha diversity of the plant community was significantly lower in enclosed plots than in free-grazed plots after 9 years of enclosure (P<0.05). Following initial grazing exclusion, the relationship between AGB and plant community diversity underwent a pronounced shift. In non-enclosed (grazed) areas, AGB and diversity indices exhibited a positive, albeit non-significant correlation (P>0.05). Conversely, within the enclosures, AGB and diversity indices showed statistically significant negative correlations (P<0.05). These results collectively indicate that enclosure for 9 years optimizes grassland management outcomes for the Qiangtang grassland. Crucially, the post-enclosure increases in the AGB of the dominant species (S. purpurea) serve as the primary mechanistic driver underlying the change in the AGB-diversity relationship, consistent with the mass ratio hypothesis.

Key words: exclosure, Qiangtang grassland, plant diversity, aboveground biomass, importance value